1、考研英语-776 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is generally recognized in the world that the second Gulf War in Iraq is a crucial test of high-speed Web. For decades, Americans have anxiously (1) each war through a new communications (2) , from the early silent film of Wo
2、rld War I to the 24-hour cable news (3) of the first Persian Gulf War.Now, (4) bombs exploding in Baghdad, a sudden increase in wartime (5) for online news has become a central test of the (6) of high-speed Internet connections. It is also a good (7) both to attract users to online media (8) and to
3、persuade them to pay for the material they find there, (9) the value of the Cable News Network persuaded millions to (10) to cable during the last war in Iraq.(11) by a steady rise over the last 18 months in the number of people with high-speed Internet (12) , now at more than 70 million in the Unit
4、ed States, the Web sites of many of the major news organizations have (13) assembled a novel collage (拼贴) of (14) video, audio reports, photography collections, animated weaponry (15) , interactive maps and other new digital reportage.These Internet services are (16) on the remarkable abundance of s
5、ounds and images (17) from video cameras (18) on Baghdad and journalists traveling with troops. And they have found a (19) audience of American office workers (20) their computers during the early combat. (245 words)（分数：10.00）A.notifiedB.publicizedC.followedD.pursuedA.meansB.mediumC.methodD.measureA
6、.coverageB.publicationC.conventionD.conveyanceA.duringB.inC.asD.withA.reportB.demandC.concernD.prospectA.abilityB.chanceC.potentialD.powerA.opportunityB.perspectiveC.messageD.responseA.outletsB.resourcesC.circumstancesD.positionsA.for all thatB.now thatC.just asD.as ifA.subjectB.contributeC.applyD.s
7、ubscribeA.DiscouragedB.InspiredC.ImpressedD.EffectedA.approachB.usageC.applicationD.accessA.radicallyB.plausiblyC.orderlyD.hastilyA.livingB.aliveC.liveD.livelyA.destructionB.displaysC.installationD.contestA.capitalizingB.embarkingC.broadcastingD.operatingA.accessibleB.desirableC.feasibleD.availableA
8、.focusedB.restedC.reckonedD.dependedA.continuousB.perpetualC.captiveD.temporaryA.withB.atC.besideD.near二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of th
9、e sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, arid that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature
10、 is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty
11、 years ago, these were thought to be “beyond dispute“.We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1960s. The role distinction, raised in some cases to the
12、status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world an
13、d was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary.The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time-honored order of things. It was felt
14、to be against nature, a deviation from the norm.Sex roles were determined according to the “place“ appropriate to each. Womens place was, first and foremost, in the home. The outside world, i.e. workshops, factories and business firms, belonged to men. This sex-based division of the world (private a
15、nd public) gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes, which conferred on each its special identity. The woman, sequestered at home, “cared, nurtured and conserved“. To do this, she had no need to be daring, ambitious, tough or competitive. The man, on the other hand, competing with his f
16、ellow men, was caught up every day in the struggle for survival, and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man.Today, many women go out to work, and their reasons for doing so have changed considerably. Besides the traditional financial incentives, we find ambition an
17、d personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances, and the wish to have a social life and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others. Above all, for all women, work is invariably connected with the desire for independence. (454 words)Notes: immutable 不可改变的。du
18、alism 双重论。divergence 分歧，偏离。overlapping 部分重合、一致。time-honored 由来已久的。dichotomy 一分为二，对立。sequester 使隔离。be caught up in 被缠住于，如：He is caught up in the trivia (琐事) of everyday things, unduly 过度地，不恰当地。（分数：10.00）(1).It is only in recent years that we have recognized that（分数：2.00）A.there is almost no clue to t
19、he identity of both sexes.B.the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuous.C.the different definitions of sexes bear on the development of culture.D.the progress of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes.(2).From paragraph 1 we can infer that it is now possible fo
20、r women to embark on a career because（分数：2.00）A.the change in sex roles is out of the question.B.womens lib has been going on for many years.C.ideas about the roles of women have been changing.D.the expansion of sciences scarcely remolds the womens roles.(3).The author believes that sex discriminati
21、on in the West before the 1960s was（分数：2.00）A.preferable.B.prevalent.C.presumable.D.precedent.(4).According to the fourth paragraph, the author seems to think that（分数：2.00）A.female Passivity is natural.B.men and women are physically identical.C.men are born competitive and aggressive.D.some differen
22、t sex identity is acquired.(5).According to the author, which of the following is the most important reason for women to go to work?（分数：2.00）A.Wish to claim their rights and freedom.B.Ambition and self-fulfillment.C.Financial incentives.D.Desire for a social life.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The domestic
23、 economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening
24、in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the year as a whole, consumer and b
25、usiness sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production eff
26、iciency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Finally, of course, the economy was
27、able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade a
28、ccount to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Ja
29、panese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.The underl
30、ying task of public policy for the year ahead-and indeed for the longer run-remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highl
31、ighting the need to improve our Competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of r
32、eal output must eventually begin to slow down to the economys larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided. (449 words)Notes: inventory n.存货。East-West tensions 东西方紧张局势。fiscal (与国库的钱有关的)财务的(常指税收)。liquidity 周转率，清偿力。leeway n.回旋，余地。given 鉴于，由于。the Phase Three p
33、rogram 第三个阶段计划。（分数：10.00）(1).The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show（分数：2.00）A.the continuing expansion of the economy.B.the growth of consumer purchasing power.C.the consumers confidence in the economy.D.the soaring consumer incomes for spending.(2).Pa
34、ragraph 2 mainly deals with（分数：2.00）A.the revival of stronger liquidity positions.B.the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies.C.the causes of business development for the period.D.economic policy measures suggested by the President.(3).It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the authors
35、attitude towards the reduction of the international payments deficit seems（分数：2.00）A.bitter-sweet.B.optimistic.C.sympatheticD.depressing.(4).Part of the public policy task, as outlined in the text, is to（分数：2.00）A.prevent payments deficit.B.avoid inflationary pressures.C.devalue the dollar.D.increas
36、e the balance of trade.(5).It can be learned from the last paragraph that the Phase Three program contained（分数：2.00）A.reduced government spending.B.devaluation of the dollar.C.productivity measures.D.wage and price controls.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Shopping has always been something of an impulse act
37、ivity, in which objects that catch our fancy while strolling are immediately bought on a whim. Advertisers and sellers have taken advantage of this fact, carefully positioning inexpensive but attractive items on paths that we are most likely to cross, hoping that our human nature will lead to a grea
38、ter profit for them. With the dawn of the Internet and its exploding use across the world, the same tactics apply.Advertisers now place “banners“, links to commercial web sites decorated with attractive pictures designed to catch our eyes while browsing the webs, on key web sites with heavy traffic.
39、 They pay top dollar for the right, thus creating profits for the hosting web site as well. These actions are performed in the hopes that during the course of our casual and leisurely web surfing, well click on that banner that sparks our interest and thus, in theory, buy the products advertised.Ini
40、tial results have been positive. Web sites report a huge inflow of cash, both from the advertisers who tempt customers in with the banners and the hosting web sites, which are paid for allowing the banners to be put in place. As trust and confidence in Internet buying increases and information secur
41、ity is heightened with new technology, the volume of buying is increasing, leading to even greater profits.The current situation, however, is not quite as optimistic. Just as magazine readers tend to unconsciously ignore advertisements in their favorite periodicals, web browsers are beginning to all
42、ow banners to slip their notice as well. Internet users respond to the flood of banners by viewing them as annoyances, a negative image that is hurting sales, since users are now less reluctant to click on those banners, preferring not to support the system that puts them in place. If Internet adver
43、tising is to continue to be a viable and profitable business practice, new methods will need to be considered to reinvigorate the industry.With the recent depression in the technology sector and slowing economy, even new practices may not do the trick. As consumers are saving more and frequenting tr
44、aditional real estate businesses over their Internet counterparts, the fate of Internet business is called into question. The coming years will be the only reliable indication of whether shopping on the World Wide Web is the wave of the future or simply an impulse activity whose whim has passed. (40
45、4 words)Notes: on a whim 心血来潮。surf v.冲浪。in theory 在理论上，顺理成章。hosting 访问率离的。call.into question 质疑，对提出疑问。（分数：10.00）(1).It can be learned from the first paragraph that Internet advertising（分数：2.00）A.has taken the place of more traditional methods of advertising.B.is one of the most effective ways to mak
46、e profits on the web.C.is paralleling advertising methods in traditional business settings.D.seeks to tempt customers through impulse shopping methods.(2).The second and third paragraphs are written in order to illustrate（分数：2.00）A.the policy Internet advertisers design to lure clientele and its out
47、come.B.the process and mixed consequences of Internet advertising and shopping.C.the biggest splash Internet advertisers have recently made in sales promotions.D.the banners Internet advertisers take advantage of to arouse customers interest.(3).Analyzing the current state of the online advertising
48、in paragraph 4, the author implies that（分数：2.00）A.it has to be modified over time to remain effective.B.for all its current profits, it will fade in the long run.C.banners are beginning to lose their advertising efficiency.D.Internet advertising methods will continue to decrease sales.(4).The expres
49、sion “do the trick“ in the last paragraph most probably means（分数：2.00）A.come to the point.B.fulfill their purpose.C.fail of their success.D.live up to their promise.(5).The authors attitude toward online advertising can be summarized as（分数：2.00）A.reserved consent but discontent.B.objective analysis void of opinions.C.enthusiastic support but slight contempt.D.approval so far but uncertainty in the future.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Picture-taking is a technique both for reflecting the objective world and for expressing the singular self. Photographs depict objective realities that
