1、考研英语-634 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that communication between them and their parents is (1) and further that one of the prime causes of this gap is (2) listening behavior. As a(an) (3) i
2、n point, one parent believed that her daughter had a severe (4) problem. She was so (5) that she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested both ears and reported back to the parent:“Theres nothing wrong with her hearing. Shes just (6) you out. “ A leading ca
3、use of the (7) divorce rate (more than half of all marriages end in divorce) is the failure of husbands and wives to (8) effectively. They dont listen to each other. Neither person (9) to the actual message sent by the other. In (10) fashion, political scientists report that a growing number of peop
4、le believe that their elected and (11) officials are out of (12) with the constituents they are supposedly (13) Why? Because they dont believe that they listen to them. In fact, it seems that sometimes our politicians dont even listen to themselves. The following is a true story: At a national (14)
5、conference held in Albuquerque some years ago, then Senator Joseph Montoya was (15) a copy of a press release by a press aide shortly before he got up before the audience to (16) a speech. When he rose to speak, (17) the horror of the press aide and the (18) of his audience, Montoya began reading th
6、e press release, not his speech. He began, “For immediate release. Senator Joseph M. Montoya, Democrat of New Mexico, last night told the National. “ Montoya read the entire six page release, (19) with the statement that he “was repeatedly (20) by applause. /（分数：10.00）A.scarceB.littleC.rareD.poorA.m
7、alignantB.deficientC.ineffectiveD.feebleA.caseB.exampleC.lessonD.suggestionA.audioB.auralC.hearingD.listeningA.believingB.convincedC.assuredD.doubtlessA.turningB.tuningC.tuckingD.tuggingA.risingB.arisingC.raisingD.arousingA.exchangeB.interchangeC.encounterD.interactA.relatesB.refersC.respondsD.resor
8、tsA.likeB.alikeC.likelyD.likewiseA.nominatedB.selectedC.appointedD.supportedA.connectionB.reachC.associationD.touchA.leadingB.representingC.delegatingD.supportingA.legislativeB.legitimateC.legalizedD.liberalA.distributedB.awardedC.handedD.submittedA.presentB.publishC.deliverD.pursueA.toB.withC.forD.
9、onA.joyB.enjoymentC.amusementD.delightA.concludeB.to concludeC.concludingD.concludedA.disruptedB.interferedC.interruptedD.stopped二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sadness isnt manlythis Eric Weaver knew. When depression engulfed this New York police se
10、rgeant, it took a different guise: a near-constant state of anger. “One minute Id be okay and the next minute Id be screaming at my kids and punching the wall,“ he recalls. “My kids would ask, Whats wrong with Daddy? Whys he so mad all the time?“ For years, Weaver didnt know what was wrong. Weavers
11、confusion about what tortured him was not unusual. Roughly a third of the 18 million or more Americans who suffer depression each year are men. Yet all too often, experts say, men fail to recognize the symptoms and get the treatment they need. For years, experts suspected that gender makes a big dif
12、ference in depression. Studies from New York to New Zealand have repeatedly found the same startling statistic: About twice as many women as men suffer from depression. That finding was considered one of the bedrock facts of modern mental health. Yet it has recently come under attack from critics wh
13、o are concerned about underreporting of male depression. William Pollack, Director of the Center for Men at McLean Hospital, is leading the charge against the well-entrenched depression gender gap. He argues that mens rate of depression may be nearly equal to womens. Just look at suicide rates, he s
14、ays: Male suicides outnumber females four to one. That ratio “is way too high to say that mens depression numbers are so low,“ he notes. Pollack and others contend that male depression goes unrecognized because, unlike the female version, it often doesnt fit the textbook signsat least in the early s
15、tages. Clinical depression at later stages looks much the same in both sexes. But in the prelude to a breakdown, that deepening despair is often expressed in very different ways. Instead of being weepy, men are more apt to be irritable and angrymoods that arent included in the classic diagnostic tes
16、ts. “Their sadness and helplessness are hidden behind a mask of anger,“ says Pollack. “Men tend to act out“ to avoid dealing with uncomfortable feelings, adds Fredric Rabinowitz, a psychologist who works primarily with men. If they feel bad, theyre apt to get into fights on the job or at home, withd
17、raw from family and friends, become obsessed with work or hobbies. Most significantly, men often turn to drinking or drugs. Men have two to four times the rate of substance abuse problems as women, and Pollack contends that if this was recognized as a sign of depression, the gender gap would substan
18、tially narrow.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?（分数：2.00）A.Mr. Weaver considered anger was a guise of depression.B.Depression may result in similar symptoms.C.Men generally ignore the signs of depression and its treatment.D.One third of male Americans
19、 suffer depression each year.(2).Studies from New York to New Zealand suggested that_.（分数：2.00）A.women mental health was worse than mensB.men are 50% less depressed than womenC.different gender faces different depressionsD.gender differences explained the depression rates(3).According to the passage
20、, Mr. Pollack believes that men facing depression_.（分数：2.00）A.will choose to commit suicideB.break down more easily than womenC.do not have the same symptoms as described in textbookD.are often not diagnosed properly(4).By saying “Men tend to act out“ (Line 1, Para. 6), the author implies that_.（分数：
21、2.00）A.men often fight outsideB.men usually hide their uncomfortable feelingsC.men would choose violent acts outsideD.men are easily offended by others(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the text? （分数：2.00）A.Male Depression: Re-examinedB.Symptoms of Depression: Gender DifferenceC.
22、Male Depression: Underlying CausesD.Mask of Anger: Men Under Stress五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In America and Europe magazine publishers have a common headache: total circulation is either flat or declining slightly as people devote more time to the internet, and an ever greater share of advertising spe
23、nding is going online. Magazine units are mostly a drag on growth for their parents. Time Inc, the world s biggest magazine company, has to fend off rum ours that its parent, Time Warner, will sell it. People in the industry expect that Time Warner will soon sell IPC Media, its British magazine subs
24、idiary. The business model for consumer magazines is under pressure from several directions at once, both online and off. Magazines have become more expensive to launch, and the cost of attracting and keeping new subscribers has risen. In America newsstand sales have been worryingly weak, partly bec
25、ause supermarkets dominate distribution and shelf-space is in short supply. The internets popularity has hit mens titles the hardest. FHM, the flagship “lads“ magazine of Emapa British media firm, for instance, lost a quarter of its circulation in the year to June. Not long ago consumer magazines we
26、re Emaps prize asset, but slowing growth from the division contributed to the companys decision to put itself up for sale. Mens magazines are in trouble in most developed-world markets as people have quickly switched from magazines to online services. There are good reasons why magazine owners shoul
27、d not feel pessimistic, however. For readers, many of the pleasing characteristics of magazinestheir portability and glossiness, for instance cannot be matched online. And magazines are not losing younger readers in the way that newspapers are. According to a study by the digital arm of Ogilvy Group
28、, appetite for magazines is largely unchanged between older “baby boomers“ and young “millennials“. On the advertising side, magazines are faring much better than newspapers, which are losing big chunks of revenue as classified advertising shifts online. Advertisers like the fact that in many genres
29、, such as fashion, readers accept and value magazine ads and even consider them part of the product. Unfortunately, magazine publishers have been slow to get onto the internet. “Eighteen months ago the internet was something they worried about after 4pm on Friday,“ says Peter Kreisky, a consultant t
30、o the media industry, “but now its at the heart of their business model. “ To their credit, however, big magazine firms are doing far more than reproducing their print products online. They offer people useful, fun services onlineLagardere s Car and Driver website, for instance, offers virtual test
31、drives, and Better Homes and Gardens online has a 3D planning tool to help people redesign their homes.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the author mainly discusses_.（分数：2.00）A.the effects of internet on the circulation of US and Europe magazinesB.the reason why parents dont subscribe to magazin
32、esC.the problems American and European magazines face todayD.the consequences of peoples devotion to online magazines(2).Which of the following is true of magazines current situation?（分数：2.00）A.Magazines face pressures from the Internet only.B.Magazines need to spend more on the marketing.C.Most rea
33、ders of magazines are attracted to online services.D.Newsstand in America plays a major role in magazine sales.(3).According to the text, magazine owners should not feel pessimistic in that_.（分数：2.00）A.magazines are easier to carryB.magazines are not losing young readersC.magazines earn more from ad
34、vertising than newspapersD.magazines still have competitive features not found online(4).When going onto the internet, big magazines_.（分数：2.00）A.have changed their business model completelyB.are making use of internet flexiblyC.are taking prompt actionsD.have turned their products into online versio
35、n(5).Which of the following best summarizes the text?（分数：2.00）A.Magazines faced with various challenges.B.Threats posed by the internet to magazines.C.Popularity lost with magazines.D.New opportunities of magazines.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is a favorite pastime of older people to lament the defect
36、s of the young. Every generation seems to be convinced that in its day, standards were higher, schools were tougher and kids were smarter. But if I.Q. scores are any measure, and even their critics agree they measure something, people are getting smarter. Researchers who study intelligence say score
37、s around the world have been increasing so fast that a high proportion of people regarded as normal at the turn of the century would be considered way below average by todays tests. Psychologists offer a variety of possible explanations for the increase, including better nutrition, urbanization, mor
38、e experience with test taking, and smaller families. Some even say that television and video games have made childrens brains more agile. But no explanation is without its critics, and no one can say with certainty what effects, if any, the change is having on how people lead their daily lives. It i
39、s all the more mysterious because it seems to be happening in the absence of a simultaneous increase in scores on achievement tests. One explanation for the rise is ruled out: genetics. Because the increase has taken place in a relatively short period of time, it cannot be due to genetic factors. Th
40、e worldwide pattern of rising scores in industrialized nations was discovered by Dr. James R. Flynn, now a professor at the University of Otego, New Zealand. He began looking into the subject in the 1980s in an effort to rebut Dr. Arthur Jensen, the professor from the UC Berkeley who argued that eve
41、n if the environments of blacks and whites were equalized, the 15-point gap in I. Q. scores between the races would only be partly eliminated. As Dr. Flynn investigated, he found that I. Q. scores were going up almost everywhere he looked. Although the gap remains, Dr. Flynn said the movement in sco
42、res suggests that the gap need not be permanent. If blacks in 1995 had the same mean I. Q. that whites had in 1945, he said, it may be that the average black environment of 1995 was equivalent in quality to the average white environment of 1945. “Is that really so implausible?“ Dr. Flynn asked. Mean
43、while, the kinds of intelligence that are promoted and respected vary from time to time, said Dr. Patricia Greenfield, a psychology professor at the UCLA. Playing computer games like Tetris promotes very different skills from reading novels. The new skills, she said, are manifested in the world. “Fl
44、ynn will tell you we dont have more Mozarts and Beethovens,“ Dr. Greenfield said, “I say, look at the achievements of science, like DNA. Or look at all the technological developments of this century. /（分数：10.00）(1).The case of older people is mentioned to_.（分数：2.00）A.illustrate the defects of young
45、peopleB.stress that standards of education are droppingC.imply that young people are actually not more stupid than earlier generationsD.compare the intelligence gap between generations(2).Which of the following is true of the intelligence increase according to the text?（分数：2.00）A.Its influence on pe
46、oples life is not clear.B.It is the result of better nutrition.C.Achievement test scores have decreased.D.People at the turn of the century scored lower on the I.Q. tests.(3).On which of the following statement would Dr. Flynn most probably agree?（分数：2.00）A.The I.Q. score gap between blacks and whit
47、es could not be eliminated.B.The 15-point I. Q. gap was a result of miscalculation.C.Great artists will not appear in our times.D.Equal environments may result in equal IQ.(4).We learn from the last paragraph that intelligence_.（分数：2.00）A.should be respected and promoted from time to timeB.has vario
48、us forms and measurementsC.will help game players improve their skillsD.is strongly influenced by the achievements like DNA(5).The text intends to tell us that_.（分数：2.00）A.the increase in human intelligence is an unavoidable processB.human intelligence is becoming more predictableC.human intelligenc
49、e is getting higher in more than one aspectD.Q is the key to ones success七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“Frontier“, one of many English words that took on new meanings in North America, has assumed as well a role in explaining the continents history during the past five hundred years. In time the word has acquired other connotations, both positive and negative. Among historians, the term “frontier“ is most closely associated with Frederick Jackson Turner, whose essay profoundly influenced American historio
