1、考研英语-633 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In order to understand, however imperfectly, what is meant by “face“, we must take (1) of the fact that, as a race, the Chinese have a strongly (2) instinct. The theatre may almost be said to be the only national amusement, and
2、the Chinese have for theatricals a (3) like that of the Englishman (4) athletics, or the Spaniard for bull-fights. Upon very slight provocation, any Chinese regards himself in the (5) of an actor in a drama. He throws himself into theatrical attitudes, performs the salaam, falls upon his knees, pros
3、trates himself and strikes his head upon the earth, (6) circumstances which to an Occidental seem to make such actions superfluous, (7) to say ridiculous. A Chinese thinks in theatrical terms. When roused in self-defense he addresses two or three persons as if they were a multitude. He exclaims: “I
4、say this in the presence of You, and You, and You, who are all here present. “ If his troubles are adjusted he (8) of himself as having “got off the stage“ with credit, and if they are not adjusted he finds no way to “retire from the stage“. All this, (9) it clearly understood, has nothing to do wit
5、h realities. The question is never of facts, but always of (10) . If a fine speech has been (11) at the proper time and in the proper way, the requirement of the play is met. We are not to go behind the scenes, for that would (12) all the plays in the world. Properly to execute acts like these in al
6、l the complex relations of life, is to have “face“. To fail them, to ignore them, to be thwarted in the performance of them, this is to “ (13) face“. Once rightly apprehended, “face“ will be found to be in itself a (14) to the combination lock of many of the most important characteristics of the Chi
7、nese. It should be added that the principles which regulate “face“ and its attainment are often wholly (15) the intellectual apprehension of the Occidental, who is constantly forgetting the theatrical element, and wandering (16) into the irrelevant regions of fact. To him it often seems that Chinese
8、 “face“ is not unlike the South Sea Island taboo, a force of undeniable potency, but capricious, and not reducible to rule, deserving only to be abolished and replaced by common sense. At this point Chinese and Occidentals must agree to (17) , for they can never be brought to view the same things in
9、 the same light. In the adjustment of the incessant quarrels which distract every hamlet, it is necessary for the “peace-talkers“ to take a careful account of the (18) of “face“ as European statesmen once did of the balance of power. The object in such cases is not the execution of even-handed justi
10、ce, which, even if theoretically desirable, seldom (19) to an Oriental as a possibility, but such an arrangement as will distribute to all concerned “face“ in due proportions. The same principle often applies in the settlement of lawsuits, a very large percentage of which end in what may be called a
11、 (20) game.（分数：10.00）A.accountB.holdC.shapeD.careA.ego-centricB.dramaticC.thriftyD.diligentA.passionB.hatredC.nonchalanceD.perceptionA.onB.atC.forD.overA.presenceB.performanceC.linesD.lightA.withB.underC.out ofD.forA.notB.orC.muchD.evenA.speaksB.arguesC.communicatesD.jokesA.beB.isC.wasD.wereA.mistak
12、esB.storiesC.formD.structureA.listened toB.deliveredC.calledD.watchedA.enhanceB.misunderstandC.spoilD.retellA.gainB.winC.competeD.loseA.keyB.questC.reflectionD.silhouetteA.withinB.followingC.beyondD.includedA.upB.offC.downD.outA.disagreeB.compromiseC.settleD.surrenderA.significanceB.meaningC.essence
13、D.balanceA.happensB.meansC.relatesD.occursA.fairB.goodC.drawnD.love二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)No doll outshines Barbies celebrity. If all the Barbies and her family members-Skipper, Francie and the rest-sold since 1959 were placed head to toe, t
14、hey would circle the Earth more than seven times. And sales are sure to boom in 2009, when the fashion doll celebrates her 50th birthday on March 9th. Barbie will star at an array of global events honouring her milestone, possibly including a glitzy affair at New Yorks Fashion Week in February (most
15、 of the worlds top fashion designers, from Givenchy to Alexander McQueen, have designed haute couture for her). On her birthday, Mattel, the company that makes her, will launch a souvenir doll honouring the original Barbie in her black-and-white striped swimsuit and perfect ponytail. It will be avai
16、lable for purchase only that one day. Another Golden Anniversary doll targets collectors. Barbie fans have planned hundreds of events, including the National Barbie Doll Collectors Convention in Washington, DC, which is already sold out. When Ruth Handler created Barbie in 1959, a post-war culture a
17、nd economy thrived but girls still played with baby dolls. These toys limited the imagination; so Handler introduced Barbie the Teen-Age Fashion Model, named after her daughter, Barbara. Jackie Kennedy soon sashayed onto the world stage and Barbie already had a wardrobe fit for a first lady. Barbie
18、bestowed on girls the opportunity to dream beyond suburbia, even if Ken at times tagged along. Barbie entranced Europe in 1961 and now sells in 150 countries. Every second three Barbies are sold around the world. Her careers are myriad-model, astronaut, Olympic swimmer, palaeontologist and rock star
19、, along with 100 others, including president. Like any political candidate, controversy hit Barbie in 1992 when Teen Talk Barbie said “Math class is tough“ and girls education became a national issue. She has been banned (in Saudi Arabia), tortured (by pre-teen girls, according to researchers at the
20、 University of Baths School of Management) and fattened (in 1997). Feminists continue to bash Barbie, claiming that her beauty and curves treat women as objects. But others see her as a pioneer trendsetter, crashing the glass ceiling long before Hillary Clinton cracked it. High-tech entertainment no
21、w attracts girls and Barbie also faces fierce competition from various copycats including the edgier, but less glare, Bratz dolls. The Bratz suffered a setback in 2008Mattel sued MGA Entertainment, Bratzs producer, for copyright infringement. A judge awarded Mattel $100 million in damages. Mattel ha
22、s smartly ensured that Barbie products reflect current trends. Through two Barbie websites, girls can design clothes, network and play games. The pink Barbie brand is licensed for products from DVDs and MP3 players to bicycles and even 24-carat gold and crystal jewellery. Barbie collectors fuel an e
23、ntire global industry on eBay and at conventions. To entice collectors, Mattel regularly releases pricey limited-edition dolls based on characters in films and popular culture. Industry analysts believe Barbie will remain a bestselling and lasting icon regardless of competition. “Barbies been out in
24、 the world and had fun, and shes ready for her second career,“ says Rachel Weingarten, a pop culture expert. “I dont see her adopting five children from five different countries, but I could see Barbie with a conscience, activist Barbie. “ At 50 Barbie will also be a marvel of plastic surgery and et
25、ernal youth. And she still knows how to party.（分数：10.00）(1).What is Ruth Handlers motivation of creating Barbie?（分数：2.00）A.Physical scarcity after World War II.B.Unavailability of dolls for teenagers.C.Incapacity of education institutions in post-war Europe.D.Peoples desire for a new doll.(2).What d
26、oes “Her careers are myriad“ refer to?（分数：2.00）A.Barbie is designed by people with various careers.B.Barbie can be used in many different careers.C.Barbie is welcomed by people of all professions.D.Barbie exhibits images of people in various professions.(3).What can you tell from? But others see her
27、 as a pioneer trendsetter, crashing the glass ceiling long before Hillary Clinton cracked it“?（分数：2.00）A.Barbie dolls are all contained in glass containers.B.Barbie as an icon shows the trend of breaking the gender prejudice.C.Barbie dolls factories have glass ceiling.D.Hillary Clinton used Barbie d
28、oll for her presidency campaign.(4).According to the text, what competitions does Barbie face?（分数：2.00）A.Girls now do not like Barbie.B.Other companies produce similar products as Barbie.C.The sales volume is likely to drop in the coming years.D.The company is facing serious financial crisis.(5).Whi
29、ch is NOT right according to Rachel Weingartens comment in the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Barbie has already been an icon of a pop culture.B.Barbie can still stimulate peoples enthusiasm.C.Barbie has produced different models in different countries.D.Barbie will assume a new role in the pop culture.五
30、、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)With one eye turned towards keeping its own economy on track and the other trained fearfully on the impact of the global economic downturn, China has announced a four trillion yuan ($ 586 billion) stimulus package, the largest in the countrys history. Unveiled by Chinas State
31、Council on the evening of Sunday November 9th, the two-year spending initiative will inject funds into ten sectors, including health care, education, low- income housing, environmental protection, schemes to promote technological innovation, and transport and other infrastructure projects. The gover
32、nment also says that some of the spending will be directed to reconstruction efforts in areas battered by natural disasters, such as Sichuan province which was devastated by a massive earthquake in May. “Over the past two months, the global financial crisis has been intensifying daily,“ the State Co
33、uncil said in a statement. “In expanding investment, we must be fast and heavy- handed. “ News of the stimulus package has been welcomed by global investors. Asian and European stock markets rose on Monday, with American markets also climbing. Chinas decisive move is likely to please foreign governm
34、ents which are now grappling with the global downturn. It comes a few days before the Chinese president is scheduled to attend a global economic summit in Washington D. C. , and a day after Hu Jintao had spoken by phone to the American president-elect, Barack Obama, about the global economic crisis
35、and other issues. Chinas government has so far provided few details of when the money will be spent or how it will be divided. Officials do say that fourth quarter investment for this year will total 400 billion yuan, including 20 billion yuan brought forward from next years central government budge
36、t. If fully realised, the two-year spending spree would amount to about 16% of Chinas annual gross domestic product. The newly announced measures also include a loosening of credit policies and tax cuts. The plan calls for reforms in the countrys value-added tax regime that would save industry 120 b
37、illion yuan, according to an estimate by the government. Credit ceilings for commercial banks are to be abolished in the hope of channelling more capital to small enterprises, rural areas and unspecified “priority projects“. The government is concerned about the potential for frivolous or speculativ
38、e investments, so the State Council also decreed at its meeting on Sunday that credit expansion must be “rational“ and should “target spheres that would promote and consolidate the expansion of consumer credit“. Finding ways to get Chinese consumers spending should be a priority. Unleashing domestic
39、 demand has been a longstanding goal of Chinese policymakers, but Chinese consumers-with few of their health-care or retirement needs reliably met either by employers or the state-often prefer to save. China has sustained double-digit economic growth rates over the past five years but the economy ha
40、s been slowing, considerably in some sectors. The economy logged a growth rate of 11.9% last year, but many forecasters believe that it will dip below 10% this year, with fourth-quarter growth down to 6% or even lower. Growth rates in that range may be the envy of recession-battered economies, but m
41、ark signs of trouble for China. It is an article of faith among many economists-and a view publicly stated earlier this year by the Chinese Prime Minister, Wen Jiabao-that China needs a growth rate of at least 7% to avoid massive unemployment. The country has been hurt in recent months by softening
42、export markets, depressed domestic property values and stock markets, and declining consumer and investor confidence.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the second paragraph, which of the following is NOT within the scope of the first two years stimulus package?（分数：2.00）A.A residence district built for low-i
43、ncome citizens.B.New railway connecting two provinces in Western China.C.Environment pollution control project in Taihu Lake area.D.Development of aerospace technology for space exploration.(2).According to the text, what is the “loosening of credit policies and tax cuts“ aiming at?（分数：2.00）A.Reduce
44、 the burdens of the enterprises, and help the small and medium enterprises get loans more easily.B.Enhance the effectiveness of the government in this economical downturn.C.Implement of policies that have been adopted years before.D.Response to the requirements put forward by US government.(3).Which
45、 of the following is NOT the reason why Chinese consumers prefer to save?（分数：2.00）A.To secure their health-care in case of diseases.B.To prepare for their life after retirement.C.To use this as a way of investment due to high interest rate.D.Insufficient coverage of social welfare.(4).What can be in
46、ferred from the sentence “Growth rates in that range may be the envy of recession-battered economies, but mark signs of trouble for China“ ?（分数：2.00）A.Consecutive fall in economic growth rate is devastating to China, as this is a key period for Chinas economic development.B.That range of growth rate
47、 may be insufficient to maintain the stability of the national economy.C.Too fast an economic growth rate will probably cause turbulence as many industries in China may not have that capacity.D.Other countries have only 1% or 2% economic growth rate while only China has a 5% above growth rate.(5).Ac
48、cording to the text, which of the following is NOT the phenomenon caused by the economic downturn?（分数：2.00）A.The export markets are being softened.B.Domestic property value is being depressed.C.Number of people that go vacation abroad sharply reduced.D.Consumer and investor confidence declined daily
49、.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Africas elephants are divided between the savannahs of eastern and southern Africa and the forests of central Africa. Some biologists reckon the forest ones-smaller, with shorter, straighter tusks-may even constitute a distinct species. But not for long, at the latest rate of poaching. The high price of ivory is increasing the incentive to kill elephants everywhere in Africa, and especially in places where there is virtually no law. The latest reports suggest that the forest elephant population is collapsing on the back of rising Chinese dem
