1、考研英语-592 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In the United States today, coffee is a more popular drink (1) tea, but tea played (2) interesting part in the history of the United States. Before they won their (3) from Britain, the colonists were forced to (4) taxes on many
2、goods imported into America. The tax money was (5) to support colonial governors and officials sent to the colonies by the British. In 1770 the British Prime Minister had repealed most of the taxes, but King George (6) on retaining the tax (7) tea. The King saw the tax as a (8) of the British right
3、to tax the colonies. American merchants (9) smuggled nine-tenths of Americas tea into the country and (10) paying the taxes.(11) the tax savings, the price of tea remained expensive due. to (12) shipping costs. When the British Parliament (13) a new law which would allow British companies to import
4、tea more (14) than American shipping companies, the (15) were alarmed and they (16) a protest. In Boston citizens and merchants, who (17) disguised as Indians, boarded a British ship and (18) 15000 worth of tea into the harbor. This protest (19) Great Britain is known as the Boston Tea Party. It was
5、 one of the earliest acts of (20) against British rule.（分数：10.00）A.fromB.againstC.comparedD.thanA.anB.aC.butD.andA.independenceB.interdependenceC.oppressionD.oppositionA.showB.giveC.lendD.payA.promisedB.usedC.refusedD.declaimedA.resistedB.assistedC.insistedD.preferredA.inB.onC.overD.ontoA.methodB.se
6、alC.symbolD.objectA.badlyB.yetC.illegallyD.nearlyA.avoidedB.continuedC.invertedD.subjectedA.RespiteB.AlthoughC.BesidesD.DespiteA.highB.ordinaryC.lowD.unfairA.preventedB.gaveC.passedD.enticedA.expensiveB.effectivelyC.diligentlyD.cheaplyA.merchantsB.sailorsC.governorsD.officialsA.stoppedB.stagedC.prev
7、entedD.resistedA.hadB.wasC.wereD.oftenA.throughB.hidC.threwD.declaredA.againstB.fromC.towardD.intoA.assistanceB.aggressionC.resistenceD.assurance二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)More than a hundred years ago, before the Civil War, a crew of cowboys st
8、ood outside a large horse corral, With them was their boss Bradford Grimes, a cattleman, who owned a large South Texas ranch near the Gulf of Mexico.Just then, Mrs. Grimes, the cattlemans wife, came to the ranch house door and cried out, “Bradford! Bradford! Those Blacks are worth a thousand dollars
9、 apiece. One might get killed.“ The cowboys laughed, but they knew she was telling the truth. For they were all Black slaves. Bradford Grimes was their owner.Most of the first Black cowboys were slaves, brought by their masters from the old South. On the plantations in the South, the slaves cut cott
10、on. On the ranches in Texas they had to learn a new tradebreaking horses and handling long-horns. Some were taught by Mexican vaqueros, some by Indiana who knew the ways of horses and cattle.Grimes was only one of hundreds of slaveowning ranchers who ran cattle in Texas. The ranchers had brought the
11、ir families and slaves from Mississippi, Georgia, and other southern states. They came on horseback, on foot, and in wagons.Some ranchers settled near the Mexican border, but there they found that it was too easy for their slaves to escape. Even slaves as far north as Austin, the capital of Texas, c
12、ame to think of Mexico as the promised land. As early as 1845, the year that Texas became a state, a Texas newspaper reported the escape of twenty-five Blacks. “They were mounted on some of the best horses that could be found, “the story said, “and several of them were well armed.“ Thousands of othe
13、r Black slaves escaped in the same way.All-Black cattle crews were common throughout central and eastern Texas. There were even a few free Blacks who owned ranches before the Civil War. Aaron Ashworth was one of them, and he owned 2500 cattle, as well as some slaves of his own. He employed a White s
14、choolmaster to tutor his children. Black cowboys helped to tame and settle a wild country.（分数：10.00）(1).Most of the first Black slaves that became cowboys _.（分数：2.00）A.had been brought to Texas by their owners from the old southB.came on their own to look for the promised landC.came from ranches in
15、Mexico looking for work on Texas cattle ranchesD.came from Africa(2).How did the Black slaves on the ranches in Texas differ from those on the plantations in the old South?（分数：2.00）A.They cut cotton.B.They escaped from slavery.C.They were mostly cowboys.D.They were riders.(3).What do you think most
16、slaves thought about living and working on ranches?（分数：2.00）A.They liked it so much they were going to find others to bring back.B.They were unhappy and wanted to leave.C.They wanted to buy slaves and start ranches of their own.D.They were happy to work there.(4).Why do you think the author talks ab
17、out slaves before the Civil War and not after?（分数：2.00）A.Because slaves are more interesting to talk about before the Civil War.B.Because there were more slaves than ever after the Civil War.C.Because there were no more slaves after the Civil War.D.Because there was no difference.(5).Since the autho
18、r tells you that there were hundreds of slave-owning cattle ranchers in Texas, it is possible to say that _.（分数：2.00）A.Blacks didnt help to settle TexasB.Blacks helped to settle TexasC.Blacks helped only sometimes to settle the new territoryD.Blacks only helped to tame cattle五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)
19、There are several advantages in making computers as small as one can. Sometimes weight is particularly important. A modern aircraft, for example, carries quite a load of electronic apparatus. If it is possible to make any of these smaller, and therefore lighter, the aircraft can carry a bigger pay-l
20、oad. This kind of consideration applies to space satellites and to all kinds of computers that have to be carried about.But weight is not the only factor. The smaller the computer the faster it can work. The signals go to and fro at a very high but almost constant speed. So if one can scale down all
21、 dimensions to, let us say, one tenth, the average lengths of the current-paths will be reduced to one tenth. So, very roughly speaking, scaling down of all linear dimensions in the ratio of one to ten also gives a valuable bonus: the speed of operation is scaled up 10 times. Other techniques allow
22、even further speed increases.This increase of operation is a real advantage. There are some application in which computers could be used which require very fast response times. Many of these are military, of course; but military applications also have applications in engineering sooner or later. For
23、 example, automatic blind landing of aircraft requires continuous computer calculations which result in control of the aircraft flight. The more immediate the responses are, the more stable that control can be.Another advantage is that less power is required to run the computer. In space vehicles an
24、d satellites this is an important matter; but even in a trial application we need not waste power. Sometimes a computer takes so much power that cooling systems which require still more power have to be installed to keep the computer from getting too hot, which would increase the risk of faults deve
25、loping. So a computer which does not need to be cooled saves power on two counts.Another advantage is reliability. Mini-computers have been made possible by the development of integrated circuits. Instead of soldering bits of wire to join separate components such as resistors and capacitors sometime
26、s in the most intricate networks, designers can now produce many connected circuits in one unit which involves no soldering and therefore no risk of broken joints at all.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT one of the advantages of mini-computers?（分数：2.00）A.The increase of operation speed.B.T
27、he decrease of power needed.C.The development integrated circuits.D.Their reliability.(2).A modern aircraft _.（分数：2.00）A.is run by electronic computersB.carries a bigger load of electronic apparatus than pay-loadC.does not need mini-computers at allD.can carry a bigger pay-load if the electronic app
28、aratus carried by it becomes lighter(3).If all linear dimensions of a computer is scaled down to one tenth, _.（分数：2.00）A.the speed of its operation will go up ten timesB.the electric signals will go to and fro ten times fasterC.its operation speed will remain constantD.its weight will be reduced to
29、one tenth(4).Sometimes cooling systems have to be installed _.（分数：2.00）A.to keep the computer from becoming too hotB.in order to save powerC.because they are necessary for a modern computer to work efficientlyD.to ensure the normal working of a mini-computer(5).Which of the following statements is N
30、OT true?（分数：2.00）A.Continuous computer calculations are required for the automatic blind landing of an aircraft.B.Military applications of computers require their very fast response ability.C.Scaling down of all dimensions of a computer may result in faults developing.D.The development to integrated
31、 circuits contributes a lot to the miniaturization of computers.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)France made soccer history here on Sunday night, when the underdogs beat defending champions Brazil 3-0 to win the last World Cup this century before a delirious crowd of 80000 people.The host nation fully deserv
32、ed their ultimate triumph, teaching a static Brazil how to play the disciplined attacking football, which has characterized their campaign at France 98. Players on both sides burst into tears at the final whistle, French President Jacques Chirac raised his arms in triumph and co-organizer Michel Pla
33、tini broke into a huge grin. Brazil had just played their worst match of the tournament.French coach Aime Jacquet, who now steps down from the national coaching job, siad: “we are very proud, we worked very hard for this. We didnt just want to be finalists,“ the 56-year-old man went on. “We have wor
34、ked very hard for the last two years and we justified everything on the pitch. We deserved to win. Weve got huge faith in our players, who have improved as the tournament has gone along. Weve been through everything in these World Cup finals, with the sending-off of Zidane and Laurent Blanc, and yet
35、 weve made up for their absences and overcome all the obstacles. And to crown all that, weve had the sending-off tonight of Desailly. But this team has extraordinary heart.“France were the better side throughout the tournament. They won all their matches, scored more goals than anyone else and conce
36、ded fewer goals than anyone elseonly two, to boast the meanest defense of any winning side.It was the perfect finishing touch for a memorable evening in world sport, rounded off by fireworks, massed singing of “La Marseillaise“(马赛曲) and the image of Deschamps holding the World Cup high above his hea
37、d.（分数：10.00）(1).The overall attitude of the writer towards the French soccer team is _.（分数：2.00）A.appreciationB.resentmentC.indifferenceD.jealousy(2).What does the writer think of the Brazil team?（分数：2.00）A.He thinks the Brazil team simply has bad luck.B.He thinks the Brazil team should be sympathiz
38、ed.C.He thinks the Brazil team has played quite well.D.He thinks the Brazil team has not improved its technique.(3).What was NOT the reason for their final victory according to what French coach Aime Jacquet thinks?（分数：2.00）A.They have worked very hard for the last two years.B.They believe the abili
39、ties of their players.C.They think the absence of several good players on the part of the Brazil team offered them good chances.D.They have successfully overcome all the obstacles on the way to the victory.(4).The word “crown“ at the end of paragraph 3 is similiar in meaning with _.（分数：2.00）A.disapp
40、ointB.beatC.pleaseD.overcome(5).The memorable evening include all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.fireworksB.singing together a famous songC.a solo by a famous singerD.the holding of the World Cup by Deschamps七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The World Health Organization says as many as 10 million persons
41、worldwide may have the virus(病毒)that causes AIDS. Experts believe about 350 thousand persons have the disease. And one million more may get it in the next five years. In the United States, about 50000 persons have died with AIDS. The countrys top medical official says more than 90 percent of all Ame
42、ricans who had the AIDS virus five years ago are dead.There is no cure for AIDS and no vaccine (疫苗) medicine to prevent it. However, researchers know much more about AIDS than they did just a few years ago. We now know that AIDS is caused by a virus. The virus invades healthy cells including white b
43、lood cells that are part of our defense system against disease. It takes control of the healthy cells genetic(遗传的)material and forces the cell to make a copy of the virus. The cell then dies. And the viral particles move on to invade and kill more healthy cells.The AIDS virus is carried in a persons
44、 body fluids. The virus can be passed sexually or by sharing instruments used to take intravenous (静脉内的) drugs. It also can be passed in blood products or from a pregnant woman with AIDS to her developing baby.Many stories about the spread of AIDS are false. You cannot get AIDS by working or attendi
45、ng school with someone who has the disease. You cannot get it by touching, drinking glasses or other objects used by such persons. Experts say no one has gotten AIDS by living with, caring for or touching an AIDS patient.There are several warning signs of an AIDS infection. They include always feeli
46、ng tired, unexplained weight loss and uncontrolled expulsion of body wastes(大小便失禁). Other warnings are the appearance of white areas on the mouth, dark red areas of skin that do not disappear and a higher than normal body temperature.（分数：10.00）(1).Concerning the ways the AIDS virus can be passed, wh
47、ich of the following statements is wrong?（分数：2.00）A.An AIDS mother can pass on the virus to her unborn child.B.The AIDS virus can be passed on through infected blood.C.The AIDS virus can be passed on by shaking hands and sharing belongings.D.The AIDS virus is passed sexually.(2).The expression “a pr
48、egnant woman“ (Para. 3) means _.（分数：2.00）A.a woman who has an unborn child in the bodyB.a woman who is taking drugC.a woman who has the AIDS virusD.an unmarried mother(3).The fifth paragraph is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.the results of an AIDS infectionB.the possible symptoms of an AIDS infectionC.ho
49、w the AIDS virus is spreadD.the diseases AIDS patients easily have(4).When the AIDS virus attacks our defense system, _.（分数：2.00）A.it starts to destroy our white brood cellsB.we begin to feel tiredC.it means we will die very soonD.our white blood cells can cotrol it(5)._ is NOT a warning sign of an AIDS infection.（分数：2.00）A.Shedding bloodB.Always feeling tiredC.Unexplained weigh lossD.Uncontrolled expulsion of body wastes八、Part B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)41)_. In todays prosperous societies the distinction has become
