1、考研英语-32 及答案解析(总分：77.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested that primitive humans were closer to the animalsU U 1 /U /Uthey, too, reliedupon their instincts to stay h
2、ealthy. Yet some primitive humansU U 2 /U /Ua cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviatingU U 3 /U /Uof a disease orU U 4 /U /Uthe condition of a wound.U U 5 /U /Uthere was so much that primitive humans did notU U 6 /U /Uthe functioning of the body, magic became an inte
3、gral component ofthe beliefs about the causes and cures of heathU U 7 /U /UTherefore it is notU U 8 /U /Uthat early humans thought that illness was causedU U 9 /U /Uevil spirit. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual toU U 10
4、/U /Uharmful spirit from a diseased body.One of the. earliestU U 11 /U /Uin the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational thought andU U 12 /U /Uof supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. The writingU U 13 /U /Uto him has provide
5、d a number of principles underiying modern medical practice. One of his most famousU U 14 /U /U, the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics.Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived from aU U 15 /U /Uof the natural science and the logic of cause and
6、 effect relationships. In thisU U 16 /U /Uthesis, On Air, Water, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human well-being isU U 17 /U /Uby the totality of environmentalU U 18 /U /U: living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air, and food.U U 19 /U /Uenough, conc
7、erns about our health and the quality of air, water, and places areU U 20 /U /Uvery much written in twentieth century.（分数：10.00）(1). A. in that B. now that C. because D. so that（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2). A. identified B. recognized C. admitted D. esteemed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3). A. symbols B. signs C. sympt
8、oms D. syndromes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4). A. arranging B. adjusting C. developing D. improving（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5). A. While B. Although C. Provided D. Since（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. confirm B. appreciate C. tolerate D. discover（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7). A. damages B. agitation C. disorders D. collapse（分数：0.5
9、0）A.B.C.D.(8). A. surprising B. obvious C. promising D. unwise（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. in B. by C. off D. up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A. discharge B. exclude C. dismiss D. expel（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. expedition B. incentives C. stimuli D. endeavors（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12). A. foundation B. rejection C.
10、 integration D. acceptance（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13). A. attributed B. committed C. acknowledged D. confined（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14). A. attractions B. subscriptions C. contributions D. functions（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. creation B. expectation C. perception D. preference（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16). A. durable B.
11、 classic C. thorough D. immediate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17). A. impressed B. surpassed C. influenced D. regarded（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18). A. elements B. factors C. components D. deposits（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19). A. Interesting B. Appealing C. Demanding D. Exaggerating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20). A. even B. indeed C.
12、 still D. moreover（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Penny-pinching consumers and fierce price wars are bad news for the travel industry. Bad, that is, for everyone except the booming on line travel giants. Consider the sharp rebound o
13、f such on-line players as Travelocity and Expedia. While they suffered in the wake of the September 11th terrorist attacks, with bookings off as much as 70% in the weeks that followed, business has snapped back. “The speed with which those businesses bounced back surprised even the people most bulli
14、sh about the sector,“ says Mitchell J. Rubin, a money manager at New York-based Baron Capital, an investor in on-line travel stocks.The travel industrys pain is often the on-line industrys gain, as suppliers push more discounted airline seats and hotel rooms to win back customers. And many of those
15、deals are available only on dine. At the same time, on-line agencies rely primarily on leisure travelers, where traffic has rebounded more quickly than on the business side.The two biggest players, Travelocity Com. Inc. and Expedia Inc. , are locked in combat for the top spot. Both sold some $ 3 bil
16、lion worth of travel last year, though Expedia topped Travelocity in the fourth quarter in gross bookings. And thanks in part to a greater emphasis on wholesale deals with suppliers, Expedia is more profitable. For the quarter ended in December, Expedia posted its first net profit, $ 5.2 million, ev
17、en with noncash and nonrecurring charges, compared with Travelocitys $ 25 million loss.The airlines latest cost cutting moves may only spur the on-line stampede. Major carriers are eliminating travel agent commissions in the U. S That could lead to growing service charges for consumers at traditiona
18、l agencies, driving still more travelers to the Web. Jupiter Media Metrix is predicting that on line travel sales in the U. S. will jump 29%0, to $ 31 billion this year, and to $ 50 billion by 2005. About half of that is from airlines and other suppliers own Web sites, but that still leaves plenty o
19、f room for the online agents.This growing market is drawing plenty of competition and new players. Hotel and car rental franchiser Cendant Corp. snapped up Cheap Tickets last October. Barry Dillers USA Networks Inc. bought a controlling stake in Expedia. And a group of hotels, including Hilton Hotel
20、s and Hyatt Corp. , are launching their own business this summer to market hotel rooms on the Net.Is the field too crowded? Analysts and on-line agencies arent worried, figuring that theres plenty of new business to go around. But, for now, the clear winners are consumers, who can count on finding b
21、etter services and better deals on line.（分数：4.00）(1).We can learn from the beginning that the competition in the travel industry revolves chiefly around A. suppliers markets. B. price battles. C. travel stocks. D. on line services.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).Who benefited the most from the competition amon
22、g travel agencies? A. Consumers. B. On-line agencies. C. Airliners. D. Traditional agencies.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(3).It can inferred from Paragraph 4 that airlines cost-cutting moves A. will be of great benefit to agent commissions. B. are intended to cater to the needs of consumers. C. will help plenty
23、 of new business to go around. D. might have affected the gain of on-line agencies.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “bullish“ (Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to A. skeptical. B. doubtful. C. optimistic. D. shocked.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. On-line
24、 travel agents are indispensable to travelers. B. On line travel services are likely to take wing. C. The advent of on-line players will hurt consumers. D. Consumers are denied the right to cancel bookings.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)IQ stands for Intelligence Quotient, which is a mea
25、sure of a persons intelligence found by means of an intelligence test. Before marks gained in such a test can be useful as information about a person, they must be compared with some standard, or Unorm/U. It is not enough simply to know that a boy of thirteen has scored, say, ninety marks in a parti
26、cular test. To know whether he is clever, average or dull, his marks must be compared with the average achieved by boys of thirteen in that test.In 1906 the psychologist, Alfred Binet, devised the standard in relation to which intelligence has since been assessed.He invented a variety of tests and p
27、ut large numbers of children of different ages through them. He found at what age each test was passed by the average child. For instance, he found that the average child of seven could count backwards from 20 to 1 and the average child of three could repeat the sentence: We are going to have a good
28、 time in the country. Binet arranged the various tests in order of difficulty, and used them as a scale against which he could measure every individual. If, for example, a boy aged twelve could only do tests that were passed by the average boy of nine, Binet held that he was three years below averag
29、e, and that he has a mental age of nine.The concept of mental age provided Binet, and through him, other psychologists, with the required standard, which enables him to state scores in intelligence tests in terms of a norm. At first, it was usual to express the result of a test by the difference bet
30、ween the “mental“ and the “chronological“ age. Then the boy in the example given would be “three years retarded“. Soon, however, the “mental ratio“ was introduced, that is to say, the ratio of the mental age to the chronological age. Thus a boy of twelve with a mental age of nine has a mental ratio
31、of 0.75.The mental age was replaced by the “intelligence quotient“ or “ID“. The IQ is the mental ratio multiplied by 100. For example, a boy of twelve with a mental age of nine has an IQ of 75. Clearly, since the mental age of average child is equal to the chronological age, the average IQ is 100.（分
32、数：4.00）(1).Which of the following is not mentioned in relation to IQ?_ A. mental ratio B. mental age C. chronological age D. date of birth（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is the closest in meaning to norm ( Para. 1, line 3 ) ?_ A. standard B. mark C. measure D. intelligence （分数：0.80）A.B.C
33、.D.(3).To judge a childs standard, his marks in a test must be compared with marks gained by _ A. others of the same age B. the same child at different ages C. older aged children D. younger aged children （分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).Binet used a large number of children in his tests because he wanted to fi
34、nd out_ A. who was the bright B. who was the dull C. a norm D. what a bright child is （分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).The IQ is_ A. the mental age divided by the chronological age and multiplied by a hundred B. the mental age multiplied by the chronological age and divided by one hundred C. the chronological a
35、ge divided by the mental age and multiplied by one hundred D. the average age divided by the mental age and multiplied by a hundred （分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a simila
36、r problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.Firs
37、t the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define tile problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason wh
38、y it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For in stance, suppose Sam decided that h
39、is bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestio
40、ns for a possible solution.Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenl
41、y because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.Finally the solution is tested. Sam clean
42、s the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.（分数：4.00）(1).What is the best title for this passage? A. Six Stages for Repairing Sams Bicycle. B. Possible Ways to Problem- solving. C. Necessities of Problem Analysis. D. Suggestions for An
43、alyzing a Problem.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except _. A. recognize and define the problem B. look for information to make the problem clearer C. have suggestions for a possible solution D. find a solution by trial or mistake（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(3).By ref
44、erring to Sams broken bicycle, the author intends to _. A. illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle B. discuss the problems of his bicycle C. tell us how to solve a problem D. show us how to analyse a problem（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is NOT true? A. People do not analyze the probl
45、em they meet. B. People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. C. People may learn from their past experience. D. People can not solve some problems they meet.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short“ means _. A. in the long run B. in detail C. in a word D
46、. in the end（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.七、BText 4/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)If phone calls and web pages can be beamed through the air to portable devices, then why not electrical power, too? It is a question many consumers and device manufacturers have been asking themselves for some time. But to seasoned observers of
47、 the electronics industry, the promise of wireless recharging sounds depressingly familiar. In 2004 Splashpower, a British technology firm, was citing “very strong” interest from consumer-electronics firms for its wireless charging pad. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction (EMI) that Faraday had discovered in the 19th century, the companys “Splashpad” contained a coil that generated a magnetic field when a current flowed through it. When a mobile device containing a corresponding
