1、考研英语-288 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, and D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Just how does a person arrive at an idea of the kind of person that he is? He develops this U(1) /Uof
2、self through a gradual and complicatedU (2) /Uwhich continues throughout life. The notion is anU (3) /Uthat one establishes only with the help of others.U (4) /Uthe elementary knowledge that one is short or tall is a comparative judgment that we cannot makeU (5) /Uwe have the opportunity toU (6) /Uo
3、urselves with others. Ones idea of qualities which are harder toU (7) /Uis even more dependent upon other peoples ideas.Whether one is intelligent, or stupid; attractive, or ugly; these and many other ideas of the self areU (8) /Ufrom the reactions of people with whom weU (9) /U. This process ofU (1
4、0) /U the nature of the self from the reaction of others has been labeled the “Looking-glass Self“ by Cooley, who carefully analyzed this psychologicalU (11) /Uof self-discovery.Just as the picture in the mirror gives an image of the physical self,U (12) /Uthe perception of the reactions of others g
5、ives an image of the social self. We know,U (13) /U, that we are good at certain things and not at others. ThisU (14) /Ucame to us from the reactions of other persons, first our parents and then other individualsU (15) /Uin life. It should be remembered that, as other peoples reactions could beU (16
6、) /Uand understood in more than one way, the looking-glass self with which the individualU (17) /Umay easily differ from the image others have actually formed of hisU (18) /U. Clearly, it is our perception of the responses of others and not theirU (19) /Uresponses thatU (20) /Uour self-image, and th
7、ese perceptions are often not accurate.（分数：10.00）A.consentB.labelC.frameD.conceptA.modelB.evolutionC.processD.returnA.illusionB.imageC.incidentD.issueA.EvenB.OnlyC.ButD.HenceA.untilB.byC.duringD.afterA.approachB.assessC.compareD.equateA.detectB.defineC.demandD.defendA.achievedB.exertedC.securedD.acq
8、uiredA.interfereB.cooperateC.interactD.complyA.exploringB.convictingC.exploitingD.extendingA.aspectB.altitudeC.horizonD.scopeA.whileB.forC.soD.sinceA.in briefB.in effectC.after allD.for exampleA.appendixB.knowledgeC.selectionD.ignoranceA.soonerB.laterC.earlierD.formerA.pursuedB.persistedC.perceivedD
9、.polishedA.sensesB.meansC.refersD.statesA.peculiarityB.ambitionC.personalityD.reputationA.preciseB.genuineC.originalD.actualA.improvesB.shapesC.directsD.guides二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BPart A/BBDirections:/BReading the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,
10、B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.BText 1/BHow did the company come to produce a record glorifying the murder of police, which is entitled Cop Killer by the rapper Ice-T on the album Boby Count? The album is released by Warner Bros. Records, part of the Time Warner media and entertainme
11、nt conglomerate.In a Wall Street Journal oped piece laying out the companys position? Time Warner co- CEO Gerald Levin makes two defenses. First, Ice-Ts Cop Killer is misunderstood. “It doesnt induce or glorify violence. Its his fictionalized attempt to get inside a characters head . Cop Killer is n
12、o more a call for gunning down the police than Frankie and Johnny is a summons for jilted lovers to shoot one another.“ Instead of “finding ways to silence the messenger,“ we should be “heeding the anguished cry contained in his message.“This defense is self-contradictory. Frankie and Johnny does no
13、t pretend to have a political “message“ that must be “heeded.“ If Cop Killer has a message, it is that the murder of policemen is a justified response to police brutality. And not in self-defense, but in premeditated acts of revenge against random cops. Killing policemen is a good thing-that is the
14、plain meaning of the song, and no “larger understanding“ of black culture, the rage of the streets or anything else can explain it away. As in much of todays popular music, the line between performer and performance is purposely blurred. These are political sermonettes clearly intended to support th
15、e sentiments being expressed. Traey Marrow (Ice-T) himself has said, “I scared the police, and they need to be scared.“ That seems clear.The companys second defense of Cop Killer is the classic one of free expression: “We stand for creative freedom. We believe that the worth of what an artist or jou
16、rnalist has to say does not depend on preapproval from a government official or a corporate censor.“Of course Ice-T has the right to say whatever he wants. But that doesnt require any company to provide him an outlet. And it doesnt relieve a company of responsibility for the messages it chooses to p
17、romote. Judgment is not “censorship.“ Many an “anguished cry“ goes unrecorded. This one was recorded, and promoted, because a successful artist under contract wanted to record it. Nothing wrong with making money, but a company cannot take the money and run from the responsibility.The founder of Time
18、, Henry Luce, would have scorned the notion that his company provided a value-free forum for the exchange of ideas. In Luces system, editors were supposed to make value judgments and promote the truth as they saw it.（分数：10.00）(1).In the eyes of the author, Ice Ts Cop Killer should be condemned for（分
19、数：2.00）A.praising acts of violence against police.B.seeking to earn enormous sums of money.C.working under contract with a company.D.exercising revenge against random cops.(2).Gerald Levin mentions the case of Frankie and Johnny to justify（分数：2.00）A.calling for creative freedom.B.bringing home to se
20、lf-defenses.C.perceiving true messages.D.accepting the murder of lovers.(3).It is often claimed that some messages conveyed in popular music（分数：2.00）A.are nothing but fictions.B.are intended for performers.C.are supposed to be true.D.are too vague to recognize.(4).The author asserts that Gerald Levi
21、ns defenses of Cop Killer are（分数：2.00）A.unreasonable but clear.B.illogical and outmoded.C.simple and responsible.D.fresh but superficial.(5).It can be learned that the company has moved far from its founders（分数：2.00）A.notional rigidity.B.creative styles.C.official images.D.media criteria.BText 2/BUn
22、til recently, mobile radio was to wireless communications what the Yugo was to transportation. With a mixed clientele ranging from truckers using CBs to police armed with walkie-talkies to taxi drivers dispatched by radio, it was viewed as an unglamorous business and a technological backwater.But sp
23、ecialized mobile radio, as it is known, has been rediscovered. It is now considered one of the biggest prizes in the all-out war for the public airwaves. The reason: high-tech companies have figured out how to profitably rebuild the antiquated dispatching system into an advanced cellular-telephone n
24、etwork that can take on the likes of AT T and the giant Baby Bells. Upstart Nextel Communications sent shock waves through the industry last week when it agreed to buy Motorolas SMR frequencies for 1.8 billion.That could pose a serious threat to cellular hegemony. Although both systems are based on
25、the same basic technology, SMR systems are digital and cover almost 25 times as much area as the average cellular network. SMR handsets wont work on cellular systems and tend to be bulkier than cellular phones, though they provide more features, like a digital pager service. And while cellular growt
26、h has tripled to some 13 million subscribers since 2000, the technology has been losing ground. It is running out of channel capacity so fast, in fact, that 40% of cellular calls in high-density areas like Manhattan and Los Angeles fail to be completed. SMRs have capacity to spare, and service could
27、 eventually be priced 10% to 15% less than cellular. Dispatchers predict they will have at least 10 million subscribers by the end of the decade. There are now about 1.5 million users of SMRs.The addition of another contender to an already crowded field of telephone systems will surely multiply the
28、confusion. By the year 2010, consumers will be able to choose from at least half a dozen vendors of a dizzying array of wireless-communications services, including pagers, voice mail answering machines and cellular phones. Phone and cable television operators, such as Bell South, MCI and Cox Enterpr
29、ises, are developing so-called personal-communications networks, or PCNs, a highly advanced portable-phone system that is expected to cover a wider area, connect to a greater variety of services and be cheaper to operate than conventional cellular.And many companies that have gambled on the wrong te
30、chnological standards, and invested billions trying to develop the same markets, will undoubtedly lose a great deal of money before the shakeout is over. “The winners,“ says Nextel chairman Morgan OBrien, “will be those who can make the choice for consumers easy.“ With all the anticipated confusion-
31、mindful of the early years of personal computers-it is likely to be years before anyone calls the purchase of wireless products an “easy“ choice.（分数：10.00）(1).How did mobile radio systems find its business competitiveness?（分数：2.00）A.Its technological features have radically changed.B.It has been reb
32、uilt to cater to various subscribers.C.Its dimensions have been reduced by wide margins.D.It was connected to a greater variety of services.(2).SMR systems gain an edge over other services mostly by virtue of（分数：2.00）A.its prohibitive retail prices.B.its operational convenience.C.its wider coverage
33、areas.D.its small storage capacity.(3).We learn from the text that users of wireless products are more often than not confronted with（分数：2.00）A.missing networks.B.technical failures.C.wrong standards.D.confusing choices.(4).The basic problem with mobile telephone companies as pointed out by the writ
34、er lies in their（分数：2.00）A.enthusiasm about competition.B.dubious technological standards.C.exaggeration of product features.D.awkward marketing strategies.(5).From the text we can see that the writer seems（分数：2.00）A.detached.B.realistic.C.sensitive.D.optimistic.BText 3/BThe day was star-crossed: Fr
35、iday the 13th in the month of October, on the eve of the second looming anniversary of a devastating market crash. “Im telling you, psychology is really funny. People get crazy in situations like that,“ said portfolio strategist Elaine Garzarelli. Last week Friday the 13th lived up to its frightful
36、reputation. After drifting lower at a sleepy pace for most of the day, the Dow Jones industrial average abruptly lurched into a hair-raising sky dive in the final hour of trading.The Bush Administration moved swiftly to avert any sense of crisis after the market Closed. Declared Treasury Secretary N
37、icholas Brady: “Its important to recognize that todays stock market decline doesnt signal any fundamental change in the condition of the economy. The economy remains well balanced, and the outlook is for continued moderate growth.“ But Massachusetts Democrat Edward Markey, who chairs a House subcomm
38、ittee on telecommunications and finance, vowed to hold hearings this week on the stock market slide. Said he: “This is the second heart attack. My hope is that before we have the inevitable third heart attack, we pay attention to these problems.“Experts found no shortage of culprits to blame for Uth
39、e latest shipwreck/U. A series of downbeat realizations converged on Friday, ranging from signs of a new burst of inflation to sagging corporate profits to troubles in the junk-bond market that has fueled major takeovers. The singular event that shook investors was the faltering of a 6.75 billion la
40、bor management buyout of UAL, the parent company of United Airlines, the second largest U.S. carrier.On one point most thoughtful Wall Streeters agreed: the market had reached such dizzying heights that a correction of some sort seemed almost inevitable. Propelled by favorable economic news and a wa
41、ve of multibillion-dollar takeovers, stocks had soared more than 1,000 points since the 1987 crash. But by last August some Wall streeters were clearly worried.The heaviest blow to the market came Friday afternoon. In a three-paragraph statement, UAL said a labor-management group headed by Chairman
42、Stephen Wolf had failed to get enough financing to acquire United. Several banks had apparently balked at the deal, which was to be partly financed through junk bonds. The take-over group said it would submit a revised bid “in the near term,“ but the announcement stunned investors who had come to vi
43、ew the United deal as the latest sure thing in the 1980s buyout binge. Said John Downey, a trader at the Chicago Board Options Exchange: “The airline stocks have looked like attractive takeover targets. But with the United deal in trouble, everyone started to wonder what other deals might not go thr
44、ough. “（分数：10.00）(1).The tone of the writer as reflected in the first sentence is（分数：2.00）A.sensible.B.irrational.C.defiant.D.ironical.(2).How do the public feel about the current economic situation?（分数：2.00）A.Trustful.B.Panicked.C.Carefree.D.Confused.(3).When mentioning “the latest shipwreck“ (Para
45、. 3), the author is talking about（分数：2.00）A.stock market decline.B.junk bond market.C.enormous acquisitions.D.corporate profits.(4).The main reason for the latest crisis in stock market as pointed out by the writer lies in（分数：2.00）A.the perception of inflation.B.the collapse of confidence.C.the fail
46、ure of a buyout deal.D.the correction of a market.(5).What does the writer say of the stock market decline?（分数：2.00）A.Such an acute crisis usually precedes a boom.B.It will constitute attractive takeover targets.C.Investors have trouble plucking up courage.D.It triggered responses from various secto
47、rs.BText 4/BShould anyone much care whether an American boy living overseas gets six vicious thwacks on his backside? So much has been argued, rejoined and rehashed about the case of Michael Fay, an 18-year-old convicted of vandalism and sentenced to a caning in Singapore, that an otherwise sorry li
48、ttle episode has shaded into a certified International Incident, complete with intercessions by the U. S. head of state. An affair has outraged American libertarians even as it has animated a general debate about morality East and West and the proper functioning of U.S. law and order.Which, to all a
49、ppearances, is what Singapore wanted. The question of whether anyone should care about Michael Fay is idle: though Singapore officials profess shock at the attention his case had drawn, they know Americans care deeply about the many sides of this issue. Does a teenager convicted of spraying cars with easily removable paint deserve h
