1、考研英语-27 及答案解析(总分：88.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)College sports in the United States are a huge deal. Almost all major American universities have football, baseball, basketball and hockey programs, andU U 1 /U /Umillions of dollars each year to sports. Most of them earn millionsU U
2、2 /U /Uas well, in television revenues, sponsorships. They also benefitU U 3 /U /Ufrom the added publicity they get via their teams. Big-name universitiesU U 4 /U /Ueach other in the most popular sports. Football games at Michigan regularlyU U 5 /U /Ucrowds of over 20, 000. Basketballs national coll
3、egiate championship game is a TVU U 6 /U /Uon a par with any other sporting event in the United States,U U 7 /U /Uperhaps the Super Bowl itself. At any given time during fall or winter one canU U 8 /U /Uones TV set and see the top athletic programs from schools like Michigan, UCLA, Duke and Stanford
4、 U U 9 /U /Uin front of packed houses and national TV audiences.The athletes themselves areU U 10 /U /Uand provided with scholarships. College coaches identifyU U 11 /U /Uteenagers and then go into high schools toU U 12 /U /Uthe countrys best players to attend their universities. There are strict ru
5、les aboutU U 13 /U /Ucoaches can recruit no recruiting calls after 9 p. m., only one official visit to a campus but they are often bent and sometimesU U 14 /U /U. Top college football programsU U 15 /U /Uscholarships to 20 or 30 players each year, and those student-athletes, when they arriveU U 16 /
6、U /Ucampus, receive free housing, tuition, meals, books, etc.In return, the playersU U 17 /U /Uthe program in their sport. Football players at top collegesU U 18 /U /Utwo hours a day, four days a week from January to April. In summer, its back to strength and agility training four days a week until
7、mid-August, when campU U 19 /U /Uand preparation for the opening of the September-to-December season beginsU U 20 /U /U. During the season, practices last two or three hours a day from Tuesday to Friday. Saturday is game day. Mondays are an officially mandated day of rest.（分数：10.00）(1). A. attribute
8、 B. distribute C. devote D. attach（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2). A. out B. by C. in D. back（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3). A. apparently B. indirectly C. regularly D. greatly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4). A. compete for B. compete in C. compete against D. compete over（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5). A. draw B. amuse C. govern D. handle（分
9、数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. spectator B. spectacle C. spectrum D. speculation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7). A. save B. including C. even D. and（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8). A. flick on B. flap at C. fling away D. flush out（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. fighting B. campaigning C. battling D. contesting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A.
10、recruited B. reconciled C. rectified D. reserved（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. promising B. pleasing C. prominent D. professional（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12). A. contrive B. convince C. convert D. convict（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13). A. which B. what C. how D. whether（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14). A. ignored B. neglected C. r
11、emembered D. noticed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. offer B. afford C. prize D. reward（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16). A. in B. on C. at D. around（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17). A. commit themselves to B. commit themselves on C. commute themselves to D. comply themselves to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18). A. work in B. work out C. wo
12、rk over D. work off（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19). A. recalls B. enlists C. convenes D. collects（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20). A. in principle B. in confidence C. in name D. in earnest（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The idea of humanoid robots is no
13、t new, of course. They have been part of the imaginative landscape ever since Karl Capek, a Czech Writer, first dreamed them up for his 1921 play “Rossums Universal Robots“. (The word “robot“ comes from the Czech word for drudgery, robota.) Since then, Hollywood has produced countless variations on
14、the theme, from the sultry False Maria in Fritz Langs silent masterpiece “Metropolis“ to the wittering C3PO in “Star Wars“ and the ruthless assassin of “Terminator“. Humanoid robots have walked into our collective subconscious, colouring our views of the future.But now Japans industrial giants are s
15、pending billions of yen to make such robots a reality. Their new humanoids represent impressive feats of engineering: when Honda introduced Asimo, a four-foot robot that had been in development for some 15 years, it walked so fluidly that its white, articulated exterior seemed to conceal a human. Ho
16、nda continues to make the machine faster, friendlier and more agile. Last October, when AMmo was inducted into the Robot Hall of Fame in Pittsburgh, it walked on to the stage and accepted its own plaque.At two and a half feet tall, Sonys QRIO is smaller and more to,like than Asimo. It walks, underst
17、ands a small number of voice commands, and can navigate on its own. If it falls over, it gets up and resumes where it left off. It can even connect wirelessly to the internet and broadcast what its camera eyes can see. In 2003, Sony demonstrated an upgraded QRIO that could run. Honda responded last
18、December with a version of Asimo that runs at twice the speed.In 2004, Toyota joined the fray with its own family of robots, called Partner, one of which is a four-foot humanoid that plays the trumpet. Its fingers work the instruments valves, and it has mechanical lungs and artificial lips. Toyota h
19、opes to offer a commercial version of the robot by 2010. This month, 50 Partner robots will act as guides at Expo 2005 in Aichi, Japan.Despite their sudden proliferation, however, humanoids are still a mechanical minority. Most of the worlds robots are faceless, footless and mute. They are bolted to
20、 the floors of factories, stamping out car parts or welding pieces of metal, machines making more machines. According to the United Nations, business orders for industrial robots jumped 18% in the first half of 2004. They may soon be outnumbered by domestic robots, such as self-navigating vacuum cle
21、aners, lawn mowers and window washers, which are selling fast. But neither industrial nor domestic robots are humanoid.（分数：4.00）(1).In the first paragraph the author introduces his topic by relating A. the idea of humanoid robots. B. Karl Capeks creation of robots. C. Hollywoods production of robot
22、films. D. the origin and popular films about robots.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the description of the author, Asimo A. is in the shape of a human being. B. is in the form of an animal instead of a human being. C. seems more like a human being than a robot in appearance. D. seems more like a m
23、achine than a human being in action.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(3).From the passage we may infer that the Toyotas Partner A. is much better than any other robots. B. is no more than a mechanic device. C. may be put into mass production. D. may have some practical value.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).Judging from the co
24、ntext, this passage is probably written A. in 2004. B. in 2005. C. between 2003-2004. D. between 2004-2005.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).Sonys QRIO could carry out all the following work EXCEPT A. walking freely as it wishes. B. understanding a few voice commands. C. navigating automatically. D. resuming wal
25、k when it falls over.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The Tuscan town of Vinci, birthplace of Leonardo and home to a museum of his machines, should fittingly put on a show of the television-robot sculptures of Nam Jun Paik. This Korean-born American artist and the Renaissance master are ki
26、ndred spirits: Leonardo saw humanistic potential in his scientific experiments, Mr. Paik endeavors to harness media technology for artistic purposes. A pioneer of video art in the late 1960s, he treats television as a space for art images and as material for robots and interactive sculptures.Mr. Pai
27、k was not alone. He and fellow artists picked on the video cameras because they offered an easy way to record their performance art. Now, to mark video arts coming of age, New Yorks Museum of Modern Art is looking back at their efforts in a film series called “The First Decade“. It celebrates the ea
28、rly days of video by screening the archives of Electronic Arts Intermix (EAI), one of the worlds leading distributors of video and new media art, founded 30 years ago.One of EAIs most famous alumni is Bill Viola. Part of the second generation of video artists, who emerged in the 1970s, Mr. Viola exp
29、erimented with videos expressive potential His camera explores religious ritual and universal ideas. The Viola show at the Deutsche Guggenheim in Berlin shows us moving-image frescoes that cover the gallery walls and envelop the viewer in all-embracing cycles of life and death.One new star is a Cali
30、fornian, Doug Aitken, who took over Londons Serpentine Gallery last October with an installation called “New Ocean“. Some say Mr. Aitken is to video what Jackson Pollock was to painting. He drips his images from floor to ceiling, creating sequences of rooms in which the space surrounds the viewer in
31、 hallucinatory images, of sound and light.At the Serpentine, Mr. Aitken created a collage of moving images, on the theme of waters flow around the planet as a force of life. “I wanted to create a new topography in this work, a liquid image, to show a world that never stands still,“ he says. The boun
32、dary between the physical world and the world of images and information, he thinks, is blurring.The interplay of illusion and reality, sound and image, references to art history, politics, film and television in this art form that is barely 30 years old can make video art difficult to define. Many c
33、all it film-based or moving-image art to include artists who work with other cinematic media. At its best, the appeal of video art lies in its versatility, its power to capture the passing of time and on its ability to communicate both inside and outside gallery walls.（分数：4.00）(1).The birthplace of
34、Leonardo is mentioned in the text A. to introduce the topic of video art technology. B. to pay tribute to this Renaissance master. C. to honor his contribution to scientific discoveries. D. to outline the development of art television.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).Toward the novel literary idea, the author%
35、attitude seems to be that of A. disapproval. B. neutrality. C. appreciation. D. suspicion.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(3).As pointed out in the text, the video art technology is characterized by its A. human ingenuity. B. complex definition. C. strong appeal. D. extreme interactivity.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).The v
36、ideos created by Dough Aitken is used to show a combination of A. television and robotics. B. illusion and reality, C. sculptures and paintings. D. space and planets.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. “A New Generation of Artists“. B. “Video Art is G
37、oing Nowhere“. C. “A Cradle of Famous Artists“. D. “New Art for the MTV Generation“.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The problems of the elderly are attracting greater attention largely because the American population is growing steadily older as the proportion of its aged members increas
38、e. At the time of the first United States census in 1790, half of the people in the country were 16 or younger. By the turn of the present century the median age of the population had risen to 22.9 years; by 1970, it was 27.7 ; and by 1977 it had reached 28.9 ; the median age will reach 35 by the ye
39、ar 2000, and will approach 40 by the year 2030.In time the burden of the years affects even the healthiest individual. Aging is accompanied by physiological changes that are not necessarily the result of any disease: apart from the more obvious signs of agesuch as baldness, wrinkling, changes in bod
40、y form, and stiffness of limbsthere is a general process of atrophy of the cells and gradual degeneration. However, the rate of physiological aging varies greatly from one person to another. Some people show noticeable signs of aging as early as fifty. Others seem relatively young and vital at seven
41、ty, and may even continue to enjoy a vigorous sex life.In general, however, ill health becomes more common with advancing age. More than three quarters of those over sixty-five suffer from some chronic health condition. But ill health need not have only physiological causes; it can have social and p
42、sychological causes as well. People tend to follow social expectations to fill the roles that are offered to them. In a sense, all we offer the aged is a sick rolethe role of the infirm person who has outlived his or her usefulness to society. An urbanized, industrialized society such as the United
43、States is oriented toward youth, mobility, and activity. It does little to integrate the old into the social structure.Unlike the elders in a traditional society, the American aged can no longer lay automatic claim on their kin for support and social participation; on the contrary, they are more lik
44、ely to have to try not to be a “nuisance“ to their now independent adult offspring. Nor are they regarded as the wisest members of the community as the elders in a traditional society would be; instead, any advice they give is likely to be considered irrelevant in a changing world about which their
45、descendants consider themselves much better informed.In America, childhood is romanticised, youth is idolised, middle age does the work, wields the power and pays the bills, and old age gets little or nothing for what it has already done. For many elderly Americans old age is a tragedy, a period of
46、quiet despair, deprivation, desolation and muted rage. The tragedy of old age is not that each of us must grow old and die but that the process of doing so has been made unnecessarily painful, humiliating and isolating through insensitivity, ignorance, and poverty.（分数：10.00）(1).The statistics in the
47、 first paragraph shows that _. A. American people are living longer B. the definition of middle age is changing C. the American society is becoming older D. the age below 40 will be thought young by 2030（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Physiological changes that accompanying advancing age refers to all the following except _. A. losing hairs and having lined skin B. chronic health condition C. gradual degeneration D. bent back and difficult movement（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The social and psychological causes of ill health in the elderly are shown in the fact that _
