1、考研英语-229 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. There is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests, from spending a few hours a week wit
2、h some charitable organization to practically full-time work for a social agency. Just as there are opportunities for voluntary serviceU (1) /U(VSO) for young people before they take up full-time employment,U (2) /Uthere are opportunities for overseas service forU (3) /Utechnicians in developing cou
3、ntries. Some people,U (4) /Uthose who retire early,U (5) /Utheir technical and business skills in countriesU (6) /Uthere is a special need.So in considering voluntary orU (7) /Ucommunity service, there are more opportunities than thereU (8) /Uwere when one first began work. Most voluntary organizati
4、ons have only a small full-timeU(9) /Uand depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations, and values may be different.U (10) /Usome ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should notU (11)
5、/Uthem by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with differentU (12) /U, both personal andU (13) /U. One should not join themU (14) /Uto arm them with professional experience; they must be joined with commitment to theU (15) /U, not business efficiency. B
6、ecause salaries areU (16) /Uor non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expense. But many retired people take part in community service forU (17) /U, simply because they enjoy the work.Many community activities possibleU (18) /Uretirement were also possible during ones working life but they a
7、re to be undertakenU (19) /Useriously for that. Retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not considerU (20) /Ucommunity service. （分数：10.00）A.overseaB.over seaC.over seasD.overseasA.asB.soC.thenD.thatA.quantityB.qualifyingC.qualityD.qualifiedA.partiallyB.par
8、tlyC.particularlyD.passionatelyA.orderB.operateC.offerD.occupyA.whichB.whereC.asD.thatA.payingB.paidC.to be paidD.payA.beforeB.latelyC.neverD.everA.teamB.numberC.staffD.crowdA.InB.ByC.WithD.ThroughA.look atB.commentC.enjoyD.judgeA.subjectiveB.subjectC.objectivesD.objectsA.organizationB.organizationa
9、lC.organizedD.organizingA.expectingB.to expectC.being expectedD.expectedA.courseB.causeC.caseD.cautionA.limeB.smallC.largeD.bigA.freeB.freedomC.moneyD.somethingA.beforeB.onC.inD.atA.muchB.very muchC.no moreD.no lessA.to be takenB.to takeC.takingD.being taken二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BPart A/BB
10、Directions:/BRead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. BText 1/BIts never too early or too late for a parent to become a teacher. In this age of teacher accountability, endless school testing, increased pressure
11、 and competition, and the proliferation of “educational“ toys, too many people forget that success begins at home.Freeman A. Hrabowski , president of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and co-author of Beating the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Males and Overcoming
12、 the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Young Women, says that in the interviews he and his co-authors conducted, the overwhelming factor in their childrens academic achievement was that parents inspired and envisioned their childrens success. They thought and talked about what w
13、ould be required to have a .successful child.“It just makes such a difference when theres someone in that house working to relate to that child and inspire that child,“ Hrabowski says. “These parents (of the high achievers discussed) are really inspirational in their commitment to their children.“Pr
14、ofessor Barbara T. Bowman, one of the faculty founders of Chicagos Erikson Institute, an independent institution of higher education that prepares child development professionals for leader- ship, says that Black children must learn in two different cultures-the African-American culture in which the
15、y live and the mainstream culture on which school and education are based.Bowman also says the relationship between children and their parents is critical. “It is the early responsive ness of the caregiver to the infants behavior that creates a sense of well-being and optimism that affects the child
16、s interest in learning,“ says Bowman, who served as president of the institute from 1994 to last year. “Children who like and want to please the adult learn better what the adult wants them to learn.“In this day of highly competitive testing and the stress of getting high SAT or ACT scores, its impo
17、rtant also to avoid pressuring or overexposing your child. Your son or daughter is probably already facing stress at school and on the playground. Your role is to help him or her relieve and manage that stress. Help them to understand that life does not end or begin with a test. And while academic s
18、uccess is important, its also important to keep everything in perspective. Failure is a relative term in the grand scheme of things. If your child did poorly on a test, but answered a particularly tough question correctly, stress the positive. On the other hand, if schoolwork comes too easily to you
19、r child, find other ways to challenge him or her so they understand that life wont always be that way.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, the parents of high achievers are usually _.（分数：2.00）A.successful themselvesB.teachersC.inspirationalD.working hard(2).It can be inferred from the passage that
20、 the African-American culture is _.（分数：2.00）A.an important part of the mainstream cultureB.the base of the mainstream cultureC.different in many ways from the mainstream cultureD.dependant on the mainstream culture(3).Whether a child is interested in learning depends on _.（分数：2.00）A.the content the
21、adult wants the children to learnB.how pleased the parents are when the children are learningC.the feedback the parents give to children at an early ageD.the physical health of the children(4).The suggestion given in the last paragraph is _.（分数：2.00）A.to emphasize the importance of success for child
22、renB.to avoid pressuring the children too muchC.to challenge the children as much as possibleD.to use the positive effect of pressure(5).Which one of the following is the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.How to raise a high-achieving childB.Successful students whose parents are teachersC.Key fa
23、ctors for childrens successD.Motivation and challenge: what do children need most?BText 2/BLast year, one group of students in Taiwan did just that. They took chances-and ended up in jail. More than 20 students paid a cram school owner to help them cheat on Taiwans entrance exam, according to police
24、. The students received answers to test questions through cell phones and other electronic devices. Taiwan isnt the only place in Asia to see major cheating scandals. In both India and South Korea, college entrance exams have been stolen and sold to students.Academic cheating has risen dramatically
25、over the last decade. Duke University conducted a survey of 50,000 university and 18,000 high school students in America. More than 70 percent of the students admitted cheating. Just 10 years earlier, only 56 percent said they had cheated. This trend extends far beyond the U. S., too. In Asia, where
26、 students face intense pressure to excel, the cheating problem is especially pronounced. In many Asian countries, a students performance is measured mostly by exam scores. And admission to a top school depends on acing standardized tests. This test-driven culture makes cheating an easy way for stude
27、nts to get ahead in a super-competitive academic system.But the pressure to perform well on tests isnt the only thing turning students into cheaters. For one, new technology makes cheating easier than ever. Students now have more sophisticated options than just “cheat sheets“ hidden in pencil boxes.
28、 Todays tech-smart students use text-messaging to discreetly send each other test answers. They post questions from standardized tests on internet bulletin boards. Students in Asia, for example, have posted questions from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Graduate Record Exam
29、 (GRE).Deeper issues than technology and testing, however, may be leading to the rise in academic dishonesty. Both students and educators say that society offers too many negative role models. Businesspeople make millions and scientists eam intemational acclaim by cheating and lying. The case of Kor
30、ean scientist Hwang Woo Suk offers one powerful example. He faked the results of his stem cell research and became a national hero. From many sectors of society, the message to students is loud and clear: Cheating is an easy way to get ahead.Victoria Lin, a high school teacher in Taichung, says educ
31、ators must begin to stress integrity as well as achievement in academics. Thats what she tries to instill in her students. “I always tell my students, How much is your character worth? 100 points? 90 points?“ Jerry Chang, a student at Taiwans Oriental Institute of Technology, also has words of advic
32、e for classmates he sees cheating. “When you cheat on exams, you only cheat yourself,“ he says, “because you wont know how much youve really learned.“（分数：10.00）(1).The example mentioned in paragraph 1 means to _.（分数：2.00）A.criticize the cram school for their poor education qualitiesB.highlight the s
33、eriousness of cheating in TaiwanC.show how prevalent the problem of cheating isD.show sympathy for those who cheated(2).What does the word “acing“ most probably mean?（分数：2.00）A.Extraordinarily good.B.Hardly satisfactory.C.Barely passing.D.Middling.(3).In paragraph 3, the author focuses on the factor
34、 of _.（分数：2.00）A.pressures related to testsB.advanced technologiesC.sophistication of studentsD.standardized tests(4).The example of Korean scientist Hwang Woo Suk is quoted to _.（分数：2.00）A.shift to topic from students cheating to academic dishonestyB.attribute the problem of cheating to the negativ
35、e examples in our societyC.compare businesspeople and scientists in cheating scandalsD.blame technology as the most important reason for cheating(5).What is the suggestion given in the last paragraph to tackle the problem of cheating?（分数：2.00）A.The teaching of values should be given equal, if not hi
36、gher, priority.B.Teachers should avoid talking about students test scores too much.C.Educators should have a reasonable expectation for students scores.D.School should add integrity as part of the test scores.BText 3/BAn attempt towards the rectification of the rot that has set in the social and nat
37、ional life of the country is being made, with great enthusiasm, through judicial activism. However judicial activism alone does not suffice for the rectification of this all-pervading malaise. What is urgently needed is the support of other social agencies/institutions. A very important role in this
38、 matter can be played by media activism, the topic under discussion today.It is undoubtedly true that the position of media or journalism is not that of a mission but of a commercial industry. The truth of the matter, however, is that our present journalism is used to presenting only half side of th
39、e picture. This is the root cause of all our problems. In view of the present circumstances media activism would amount to present a balanced reporting of the situation abandoning the present policy of selective reporting.The principle of modern journalism can be understood from this saying: “When a
40、 dog bites a man it is no news, but when a man bites a dog, it is news“. One practical example of this method is provided by our present journalism which is constantly engaged in giving maximum coverage to any hot news created by an unruly section of Muslims. If the percentage of hot news forms only
41、 one percent the percentage of soft news is not less than 99 percent. But the readers of the newspapers aretotally in the dark about this 99 percent of the picture, whereas the one percent is being repeated. Similarly if an extremist Hindu creates hot news, this will find a place in all the newspape
42、rs the next day. Whereas even in the Hindu world there is 99 percent soft news while hot news forms not more than one percent.As a result of this one sided study, unreal opinion is formed by both the communities regarding one another. Taking extreme forms this unreal opinion at times turns into comm
43、unal riots. The selective reporting of this nature remains a permanent obstacle to the path of national integration.For the rectification of this state of affairs a powerful journalists organization-as we already have formed for our rights-based on the principles of social responsibilities is requir
44、ed. Media Relations Forum is an organization which aims at working for this goal.Along with this I should like to put forward a proposal for bringing about an atmosphere of support and cooperation between the newspapers and social workers. Whenever a rumor spreads or a group indulges in any activity
45、 which may lead to disrupting peace, social workers should immediately engage themselves in a thorough investigation of the matter and then through the full support of the newspapers the actual version is published in the newspapers. This is the only way to maintain peace and harmony in communities.
46、（分数：10.00）(1).The word “malaise“ (Line 3, Paragraph 1) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.problemB.definitionC.rectificationD.enthusiasm(2).Which one of the following is the characteristic of the current reporting?（分数：2.00）A.Commercial reporting.B.Balanced reporting.C.Selective reporting.D.Problem rep
47、orting.(3).The example of the reports about Muslims is used to _.（分数：2.00）A.analyze how it is different from HinduB.introduce the news industry thereC.showcase how the current reporting is unbalancedD.exemplify how reporting should be organized(4).From the passage, we know that Media Relation Forum
48、is _.（分数：2.00）A.a seminar in which journalists from difference places learn and communicateB.an organization promoting social responsibilities of mediaC.a management body to rectify all kinds of misconduct of mediaD.an organization to protect the rights and safety of journalists(5).In the last paragraph, the author focuses on the responsibilities of _.（分数：2.00）A.newspapersB.social workersC.investigatorsD.communitiesBText 4/BSport psychology research has documented the important rote of significant adults such as parents and coaches in youth participants psychosocial development and a
