1、考研英语-155 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Making good coffee is not a simple business. Coffee bushes must be grown in shade. A hillside is best-but it mustnt be too U(1) /U. After three years, the bushes will start to U(2) /U bright-red coffee “cherries“, which are picked,
2、processed to U(3) /U the inner part, and spread out to dry for days, U(4) /U on concrete. They are U(5) /U again to separate the bean, which needs to rest, preferably for a few months. Only then can it be roasted, ground and brewed U(6) /U the stuff that dreams are suppressed with.In Mexico and part
3、s of Central America, U(7) /U in Colombia, most coffee farmers are smallholders. They found it especially hard to U(8) /U the recent fall in the coffee price. The U(9) /U of their income makes it hard for farmers to invest to U(10) /U their crop, says Fernando Celis. The fall forced many small farme
4、rs to U(11) /U other crops, or migrate to cities.For farmers, one way out of this U(12) /U is to separate the price they are paid U(13) /U the international commodities markets. This is the U(14) /U of Fair-trade, an organization which certifies products as “responsibly“ sourced. Fair-trade determin
5、es at what price farmers make what it considers a U(15) /U profit. Its current U(16) /U is that the appropriate figure is 10% above the market price.U (17) /U, sales of Fair-trade-certified coffee have increased from $ 22. 5m per year to $ 87m per year since 1998. This is still a tiny fraction of th
6、e overall world coffee trade, worth $10 billion U(18) /U But there are plenty of other markets for high-quality coffee. Some small producers can U(19) /U more by marketing their coffee as organic or “bird-friendly“ because, unlike large, mechanized plantations, they have U(20) /U shade trees.（分数：10.
7、00）A.steepB.highC.bigD.wideA.makeB.formC.produceD.manufactureA.deductB.discardC.removeD.expelA.partlyB.ideallyC.particularlyD.especiallyA.milledB.brokenC.burstD.crackedA.onB.upC.ofD.intoA.thusB.asC.withD.byA.face up withB.deal withC.come up withD.bring withA.mobilityB.shortageC.volatilityD.regularit
8、yA.sustainB.containC.undergoD.growA.move toB.turn toC.come toD.switch toA.situationB.problemC.dilemmaD.matterA.inB.forC.fromD.toA.aimB.attitudeC.optionD.approachA.comfortableB.reasonableC.sensibleD.availableA.judgmentB.calculationC.intensionD.suggestionA.HoweverB.AroundC.In factD.WorldwideA.annually
9、B.usuallyC.mainlyD.entirelyA.costB.applyC.chargeD.takeA.revealedB.retractedC.retainedD.reshaped二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BText 1/BLike every dog, every disease now seems to have its day. World Tuberculosis (infections disease in which growths appear on the lungs) Day is on Saturday March 24th.
10、Tuberculosis was once terribly fashionable. Dying of “consumption“ seems to have been a favorite activity of garret-dwelling 19th-century artists, h has, however, been neglected of late. Researchers in the field never tire of pointing out that TB kills a lot of people. According to figures released
11、earlier this week by the World Health Organization, 1.6 million people died of the disease in 2005, compared with about 3m for AIDS and l m for malaria. But it receives only a fraction of the research budget devoted to AIDS. Americas National Institutes of Health, for example, spends 20 times as muc
12、h on AIDS as on TB. Nevertheless, everyone seems to getting in on the TB-day act this year.The Global Fund an international organization responsible fur fighting all three diseases but best known for its work on AIDS, has used the occasion to trumpet its tuberculosis projects. The fund claims that i
13、ts anti-TB activities since it opened for business in 2002 have saved the lives of over 1m people. The World Health Organization has issued a report that contains some good news. Although the number of TB cases is still rising, the rate of illness seems to have stabilized; the caseload, in other wor
14、ds, is growing only because the population itself is going up.Even drug companies are involved. In the nm-up to the day itself, Eli Lilly announced a $ 50m boost to its MDRTB Global Partnership. MDR stands for multi-drug resistance, and it is one of the reasons why TB is back in the limelight. Carel
15、ess treatment has caused drug-resistant strains to evolve all over the world. The course of drugs needed to clear the disease completely takes six mouths, anti persuading people lo stay that course once their symptoms have gone is hard. Unfortunately, those infected with MDR have to be treated with
16、less effective, more poisonous and more costly drugs. Naturally, these provoke still more. non-compliance and thus still more evolution.The other reason TB is back is its relationship to AIDS. The (global Funds joint responsibility for the diseases is no coincidence. AIDS does not kill directly. Rat
17、her, HIV, the virus that causes it, weakens the bodys immune system and exposes the sufferer to secondary infections. Of these, TB is one of the most serious. It kills 200 000 AIDS patients a year. However, some anti-TB drugs interfere with the effect of some anti-HIV drugs. Conversely, in about 20%
18、 of cases where a patient has both diseases, anti-HIV drugs make the tuberculosis worse. The upshot is that 125 years after human beings worked out what caused TB, it is still a serious threat.（分数：10.00）(1).The first sentence “Like every dog, every disease now seems to have its day.“ means _.（分数：2.0
19、0）A.every dog enjoys good luck or success sooner or later.B.human beings can deal with problems caused by disease.C.Tuberculosis becomes a serious infectious disease.D.people attach importance to Tuberculosis recently.(2).By referring to AIDS in Paragraph 2, the author intends to show _.（分数：2.00）A.t
20、he US government is reluctant to spend millions of dollars for Tuberculosis.B.the death rate of AIDS is higher ,than that of Tuberculosis.C.the officials did not pay much attention to the research of Tuberculosis in the past.D.compared with AIDS, Tuberculosis can be cured effectively.(3).Which of th
21、e following best defines the word “upshot“ (Line 5, Paragraph 5 )?（分数：2.00）A.Outcome.B.Uphold.C.Achievement.D.Project.(4).Eli Lilly devoted itself to MDR-TB, because _.（分数：2.00）A.TB kills more and more AIDS patients.B.TB has something to do with AIDS.C.multi-drug resistance makes Tuberculosis fashio
22、nable again.D.Eli Lilly is a member of the MDR-TB Global Partnership.(5).Which of the following proverbs is closest in meaning to the message the text tries to convey?（分数：2.00）A.Forgive and forget.B.Forgotten, but not gone.C.When the wound is healed, the pain is forgotten.D.Every dog is valiant at h
23、is own door.BText 2/BNot many 25-year-olds can reasonably claim to have changed the world. The IBM personal computer, which was launched in 1981 and celebrates its 25th birthday in August, is a rare exception. Other personal computers had been launched before; but it was the IBM PC that ended up def
24、ining the standard around which a vast new industry then coalesced. IBM, the titan of the computing World at the time, quickly lost control of its own creation, allowing others to reap the benefits. But leave aside what the PC has done for the fortunes of particular companies, and instead step back
25、and consider what the PC has done for mankind.The PCs most obvious achievement has been to help make computers cheaper, more widely available and more useful than ever before. Before it appeared, different computers from different manufacturers were mostly incompatible with each other. The PCs archi
26、tecture was not perfect, but its adoption as an industry standard made possible economies of scale in both hardware and software. This in turn reduced prices and enabled the PC to democratise computing.But although the PC has its merits, it also has its faults. Its flexibility has proved to be both
27、a strength and a weakness: it encourages innovation, but at the cost of complexity, reliability and security. And for people in the developing world, PCs are too bulky, expensive and energy-hungry. W. hen it comes to extending the benefits of digital technology-chiefly, cheap and easy access to info
28、rmation to everyone on the planet, the PC may not be the best tool for the job.Look on the streets of almost any city in the world, however, and you will see people clutching tiny, pocket computers, better known as mobile phones. Already, even basic handsets have simple web-browsers, calculators and
29、 other computing functions. Mobile phones are cheaper, simpler and more reliable than PCs, and market forces-in particular, the combination of pie-paid billing plans and microcredit schemes-are already putting them into the hands of even the worlds poorest people. Initiatives to spread PCs in the de
30、veloping world, in contrast, rely on top-down funding from governments or aid agencies, rather than bottom-up adoption by consumers.All kinds of firms, from giants such as Google to start-ups such as CellBazaar, are working to bring the full belle, fits of the web to mobile phones. There is no quest
31、ion that the PC has democratised computing and-unleashed innovation, but it is the mobile phone that now seems most likely to carry the dream of the “personal computer“ to its conclusion.（分数：10.00）(1).Why dose the author hold the opinion that the IBM personal computer is a rare exception?（分数：2.00）A.
32、Personal computer is an amazing invention.B.IBM lost control of personal computer.C.The birth of IBM personal computer makes drastic changes in our society.D.Among the firms making the biggest splash in personal computer world is IBM.(2).As a result of an industry standardization, PC becomes _.（分数：2
33、.00）A.more and more popular.B.more and more effectiveC.more and more efficient.D.more and more portable.(3).It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.it is hard to find a job as a computer engineer.B.PC is not the best option as a tool to gather information.C.PCs are so expensive
34、 and energy-hungry.D.every advantage has its disadvantage.(4).By saying “from giants such as Google to start-ups such as CellBazaar“ ( Line 1, Paragraph 5 ) , the author implies that _.（分数：2.00）A.Google is more profitable than CellBazaar.B.they are Search-engine vendors.C.they are rushing to provide
35、 services to mobile phones.D.they have reaped the benefits from mobile phone industry.(5).What is the authors attitude towards mobile phone?（分数：2.00）A.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Biased.D.Prospective.BText 3/BYou could say on the court, these are the best days in the history of NBA. So why isnt the worl
36、d is singing the praise of the NBA? Why isnt todays NBA outperforming the NFL, NASCAR, and Major League of Baseball (MLB), all of which have been rocked by scandals large and small over the last few years? Simple Because todays NBA scares the white people.The NBA stands at the dead-center intersecti
37、on of two rampant social dynamics: the ascendancy of hip-hop culture and 21st-centrury marketings sworn duty to easily definable demographic group. Break yourself into generalized demographic qualities: gender, age, race, economic class. There is full range of music, TV shows, movies, and website ex
38、plicitly designed to keep you warm and toasty in your comfort zone, free from sharp edges.The NBA as it stands today has plenty of sharp edges and has a serious image problem; more than any other sports. For years, whites make up a majority of fan base, blacks make up a majority of players. And thos
39、e players have benefited from ever-upward-spiraling paychecks, theyve exercised their influence to shape the sight of the game around them in their own image.But the NBA is still all about improvisation, artistry, jazz, poetry on the way to and above the rim. And while we appreciated the artistry in
40、 and of itself, the fact that we cant do it puts many fans at some kind small, but measurable emotional distance from the game. For the white audience, the skill divide one thing. There always been players that could do things the rest of us couldnt. Whats freaking white Americans out is the way NBA
41、 is embracing every element of hip-hop culture-the music, the fashion, the attitude, everything.Many events, stories hurt NBA, cementing its lawless-blacks image in observers minds. Referring to the word “thug“, thats operative in short-handing the new NBA culture, as many observers noted. “Thug“ wa
42、s so-opted by black culture sometime during the Tupac Era. When people slag NBA players as “thug“, its good bet theyre not taking about Adam Morris or J. J. Redic. Its absolutely a racial tag.The NBA, more than any other sports entity, has potential to be a bridge between cultures, a way to bring bo
43、th sides together in cheering some best athletes of any color. Its already produced Jordan, the most widely known athlete in history, and its gaining ground fast on soccer as the worlds best known sport. But its fragile indeed, with fans in colors viewing basketball as a zero-sum game, where every s
44、tereotypically black or white culture apparently forces out its ethic opposite. But with serious image problems, another slat falls out of the bridge. And its not hard to imagine a time when nobody will be interested in crossing over.（分数：10.00）(1).Why isnt the world singing the praise of the NBA?（分数
45、：2.00）A.NFL, NASCAR, MLB are better than NBA.B.Because of the racialism in NBA.C.The NBA today has a serious image problem.D.White people dont like NBA games.(2).What can we infer from this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Black people buy tickets to see white people play games in NBA.B.NBA players who have ever-
46、upward-spiraling paychecks shape the leagues bad image.C.Emotional distance between NBA and the whites is NBA players skills.D.Hip-hop culture is harmful to NBA.(3).We can infer from the fifth paragraph _.（分数：2.00）A.the word “thug“ means racial tag.B.the blacks always let people associate to “thug“
47、during the Tupac Era.C.pepole considered NBA as lawless-blacks image.D.Adam Morris and J. J. Redic are not black people.(4).Whats the authors attitude about NBA as a “bridge“ ?（分数：2.00）A.Optimistic.B.Indifferent.C.Neutral.D.Skeptical.(5).Whats the best title of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.No Room for Wh
48、ite in NBA?B.NBAs Best AgesC.Black and WhiteD.Edges of NBABText 4/BWalt Disney could have built his biggest theme park anywhere. He chose Florida. The weather is balmy, and when it gets too hot there are lots of pools to cool off in, says. Meg Crofton, Walt Disney Worlds CEO. Florida also offers ple
49、nty of space to expand. Disney World, which was first carved out of wild woodland in 1971, has swollen to four parks covering 40 square miles ( 104 sq km) and employing 60 000 “cast members“. Contrary to the stereotype of rapid flow in the service sector, the average full-time employee sticks around for nine years
