1、考研英语(一)-45 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Ernest Hemingway was one of the most important American writers in the history of contemporary American literature. He was the 1 spokesperson for the Lost Generation and also the sixth American to win the Nobel Prize for Liter
2、ature (1954). His writing style and personal life 2 a 3 influence on American writers of his time. Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in a doctor“s family in Oak Park, in the 4 of Chicago. The novel 5 established Hemingway“s 6 was The Sun Also Rises (1926). The story described a group of 7 American
3、s and Britons living in France. That is to 8 , it described the life of the members of the 9 Lost Generation after World War I. Hemingway“s second major novel was A Farewell to Arms (1929), a love story 10 in wartime Italy. That novel was 11 by Death in the Afternoon (1932) and Green Hills of Africa
4、 (1935). His two 12 of short stories Men without Women (1927) and Winner Take Nothing (1933) established his fame 13 the master of short stories. In the late 1930“s, Hemingway began to express 14 about social problems. His novel To Have and Have Not (1937) 15 economic and political injustices. The n
5、ovel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940) 16 the conflict of the Spanish Civil War. In 1952, Hemingway published emThe Old Man and the Sea, for 17 he won the 1953 Pulitzer Prize. In 1954, Hemingway was 18 the Nobel Prize of Literature. Later, being 19 and ill, he shot 20 on July 2, 1961.（分数：10.00）A.outsta
6、ndingB.monotonousC.awkwardD.modestA.simulatedB.exertedC.stimulatedD.exceededA.offensiveB.progressiveC.nominalD.profoundA.suburbsB.summitC.mallD.circusA.in thatB.whatC.whoseD.thatA.institutionB.villaC.reputationD.pursuitA.ambitiousB.expatriateC.learnedD.wealthyA.speakB.observeC.sayD.remarkA.so-called
7、B.registeredC.refinedD.classicalA.setB.publishedC.soldD.citedA.incorporatedB.combinedC.followedD.shadowedA.volumesB.collectionsC.sectionsD.chaptersA.forB.ofC.byD.asA.courageB.fearC.concernD.confidenceA.commendedB.eliminatedC.condemnedD.assessedA.portrayedB.quenchedC.evaluatedD.resolvedA.thatB.whichC
8、.whomD.whatA.grantedB.offeredC.awardedD.providedA.depressedB.hesitantC.legitimateD.sensitiveA.oneB.himC.oneselfD.himself二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Menorca or Majorca? It is that time of the year again. The brochures are piling up in travel agent
9、s while newspapers and magazines bulge with advice about where to go. But the traditional packaged holiday, a British innovation that provided many timid natives with their first experience of warm sand, is not what it was. Indeed, the industry is anxiously awaiting a High Court ruling to find out e
10、xactly what it now is. Two things have changed the way Britons research and book their holidays: low-cost airlines and the Internet. Instead of buying a ready-made package consisting of a flight, hotel, car hire and assorted entertainment from a tour operator“s brochure, it is now easy to put togeth
11、er a trip using an online travel agent like Expedia or Travelocity, which last July bought Lastminute. com for 577 million ($1 billion), or from the proliferating websites of airlines, hotels and car-rental firms. This has led some to sound the death knell for high-street travel agents and tour oper
12、ators. There have been upheavals and closures, but the traditional firms are starting to fight back, in part by moving more of their business online. First Choice Holidays, for instance, saw its pre-tax profit rise by 16% to 114 million ($195 million) in the year to the end of October. Although the
13、overall number of holidays booked has fallen, the company is concentrating on more valuable long-haul and adventure trips. First Choice now sells more than half its trips directly, either via the Internet, over the telephone or from its own travel shops. It wants that to reach 75% within a few years
14、. Other tour operators are showing similar hustle. MyTravel managed to cut its loss by almost half in 2005. Thomas Cook and Thomson Holidays, now both German owned, are also bullish about the coming holiday season. Highstreet travel agents are having a tougher time, though, not least because many le
15、ading tour operations have cut the commissions they pay. Some high-street travel agents are also learning to live with the Internet, helping people book complicated trips that they have researched online, providing advice and tacking on other services. This is seen as a growth area. But if an agent
16、puts together separate flights and hotel accommodation, is that a package, too? The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) says it is and the agent should hold an Air Travel Organisers Licence, which provides financial guarantees to repatriate people and provide refunds. The scheme dates from the early 1970
17、s, when some large British travel firms went bust, stranding customers on the Costas. Although such failures are less common these days, the CAA had to help out some 30,000 people last year. The Association of British Travel Agents went to the High Court in November to argue such bookings are not tr
18、aditional packages and so do not require agents to acquire the costly licences. While the court decides, millions of Britons will happily click away buying online holidays, unaware of the difference.（分数：10.00）(1).Based on the first paragraph, the best title of the text could be_.（分数：2.00）A.An annual
19、 holidayB.A High Court rulingC.A new packageD.A British innovation(2).According to the text, the shift in the method of holiday booking in UK is associated with_.（分数：2.00）A.the popularity of electronicsB.the costly licencesC.car rental firmsD.the traditional ideology(3).According to the text, which
20、of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.To put together a trip using a traditional travel agent is not hard at presentB.To sound the death knell for tour operator is unacceptable and inhumaneC.Some high-street travel agents defy the model of surviving with the internetD.Traditional tour firms grapple wi
21、th the internet(4).The word “ hustle“ in the topic sentence of the fourth paragraph most probably denotes_.（分数：2.00）A.demandB.hostilityC.saleD.prejudice(5).According to the first and last paragraphs, which of the following is still in suspense?（分数：2.00）A.A legal definitionB.A congestion chargeC.Fina
22、ncial guaranteeD.An adventure trip五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)They may not be the richest, but Africans remain the world“s staunchest optimists. An annual survey by Gallup International, a research outfit, shows that, when asked whether this year will be better than last, Africa once again comes out on
23、top. Out of 52,000 people interviewed all over the world, under half believe that things are looking up. But in Africa the proportion is close to 60%almost twice as much as in Europe. Africans have some reasons to be cheerful. The continent“s economy has been doing fairly well with South Africa, the
24、 economic powerhouse, growing steadily over the past few years. Some of Africa“s long-running conflicts, such as the war between the north and south in Sudan and the civil war in Congo, have ended. Africa even has its first elected female head of state, in Liberia. Yet there is no shortage of downer
25、s too. Most of Africa remains dirt poor. Crises in places like Cote d“Ivoire, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe are far from solved. And the democratic credentials of Ethiopia and Uganda, once the darlings of western donors, have taken a bad knock. AIDS killed over 2 million Africans in 2005, and will kill
26、more this year. So is it all just a case of irrational exuberance ? Meril James of Gallup argues that there is, in fact, usually very little relation between the survey“s optimism rankings and reality. Africans, this year led by Nigerians, are consistently the most upbeat, whether their lot gets bet
27、ter or not. On the other hand, Greece hardly the worst place on earthtops the gloom-and-doom chart, followed closely by Portugal and France. Ms James speculates that religion may have a lot to do with it. Nine out of ten Africans are religious, the highest proportion in the world. But cynics argue t
28、hat most Africans believe that 2006 will be golden because things have been so bad that it is hard to imagine how they could possibly get worse. This may help explain why places that have suffered recent misfortunes, such as Kosovo and Afghanistan, rank among the top five optimists. Moussaka for tho
29、ught for those depressed Greeks.（分数：10.00）(1).The statistics are employed in the first paragraph so as to indicate sort of_.（分数：2.00）A.disparityB.numbnessC.conformityD.stagnation(2).It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph of the text that African optimism is_.（分数：2.00）A.detrimentalB.fragileC.tr
30、ansientD.constant(3).The conclusion made by Ms James, according to the text, is_.（分数：2.00）A.tentativeB.immutableC.impeccableD.moderate(4).The tone of the author in discussing African status can be defined as being_.（分数：2.00）A.radicalB.impartialC.hesitantD.self-centered(5).France is mentioned in the
31、text with the aim to_.（分数：2.00）A.contrast Nigerians and FrenchB.defend Meril James“ remarksC.attach importance to the gloom-and-doom chartD.refute Ms James concept of religion六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“This is a really exciting timea new era is starting,“ says Peter Bazalgette, the chief creative offi
32、cer of Endemol, the television company behind “Big Brother“ and other popular shows. He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device-makers, content producers and mobile- network op
33、erators. And he is far from alone in his enthusiasm. Already, many mobile operators offer a selection of television channels or individual shows, which are “ streamed“ across their third-generation (3G) networks. In South Korea, television is also sent to mobile phones via satellite and terrestrial
34、broadcast networks, which is far more efficient than sending video across mobile networks; similar broadcasts will begin in Japan in April. In Europe, the Italian arm of 3, a mobile operator, recently acquired Canale 7, a television channel, with a view to launching mobile-TV broadcasts in Italy in
35、the second half of 2006. Similar mobile-TV networks will also be built in Finland and America, and are being tested in many other countries. Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October, is striking deals with television networks to e
36、xpand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device , including “Lost“, “Desperate Housewives“ and “Law others are using special measures to crack down. This summer, tickets to the soccer World Cup in Germany will include the name and passport number of the original purchaser an
37、d embedded chips that match the buyer to the tickets. Then there are legal worries. In America, more than a dozen states have anti-scalping laws of various kinds. New Mexico forbids the reselling of tickets for college games; Mississippi does so for all events on government-owned property. Such laws
38、 are often ignored, but can still bite. In Massachusetts, where reselling a ticket for more than $2 above face value is unlawful, one fan brought a lawsuit last autumn against 16 companies (including StubHub) over his pricey Red Sox tickets.（分数：10.00）(1).UK is mentioned in the text with the intentio
39、n to_.（分数：2.00）A.define re-selling tickets for profitsB.stress the prosperity of the industryC.shed light on the booming of scalpingD.cast doubt on the profits of online ticket market(2).In both the second and the third paragraphs, the author employs which of the following writing device?（分数：2.00）A.
40、EmphasisB.ContrastC.ExaggerationD.Interrogation(3).The word “juicy“ in the last sentence of the second paragraph most probably denotes_.（分数：2.00）A.succulentB.interestingC.lucrativeD.liquid(4).Severe measures to discourage re-selling tickets for profits are illustrated with_.（分数：2.00）A.U2 concertB.Su
41、per Bowl in early FebruaryC.Rolling Stones concertsD.the soccer World Cup in Germany(5).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.more than a dozen states in US have anti-scalping laws of various kindsB.there are still legal worries about the American re-selling tickets for a profi
42、tC.most states in US have yet to show positive response in crackdown on ticket toutingD.16 companies were taken to court by one fan for reselling a ticket for more than $2 above face value八、Part B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)As companies continue to cut costs, the days of frequent promotions are a distant memory
43、. So are the days of endless opportunities to show off your skills. Layoff survivors, faced with fewer options are finding themselves in career purgatorythere“s no way up and no way out. After talking to career coaches, managers, recruiters, and psychologists, Fortune put together eight tips to help
44、 workers break free from the inertia. 41. Avoid taking cover Don“t hide out behind your computer. “You should really work to increase or maintain the visibility that you have,“ says David Opton, founder and CEO of career management firm ExecuNet. Build a circle of allies Fortify your current relatio
45、nships and work on making new ones, both within and outside the office. “Allies will be helpful in terms of letting you know information, like if there“s a job possibility that comes up,“ says Dee Soder, founder of the CEO Perspective Group. Who you know can make a big difference, especially in diff
46、icult times. 42. Load up on new tools This is the perfect time to acquire new expertise. (If the boss can“t pay, do it on your own.) 43. Look beyond your job description People don“t get promotions just because they do their jobs well; they get promotions because they take initiative. Lauren Doliva,
47、 a partner at recruiting firm Heidrick identify your weaknesses and work on them; find better ways to harness your strengths. For nontangible skills leadership, management, communicationcoaches recommend hiring a coach. A client of Soder“s was put into a new management role, but didn“t feel like she
48、 had what it took to oversee a bigger team. She went out and hired a coach who helped her learn how to interact with top executives as well as how to run a bigger territory. She has since been promoted again. Taking responsibility for your own success is something everyone should do, regardless of e
49、xternal factors. Otherwise you“re heading straight for burnout. 45. Adjust your attitude Don“t panic. Even though the economy is in a recession, your career is not coming to an end. How you look at the situation will have a big impact on whether you stay stuck or move ahead. “One can choose to say there is no opportunity or one can choose to look for it,“ says Doliva. In fact, many coaches believe that being stuck is just a state of mind. A Let people know when you accomplish something or when you put in the extra eff
