1、考研英语(一)-42 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)So what is depression? Depression is often more about anger turnedU U 1 /U /Uthan it is about sadness. But its usuallyU U 2 /U /Uas sadness. Depression canU U 3 /U /Uat all ages, from childhood to old age, and its the United State
2、s No. 1U U 4 /U /Uproblem. When someone is depressed, her behaviorU U 5 /U /Uchange and she loses interest in activities sheU U 6 /U /Uenjoyed (like sports, music, friendships). The sadness usually lasts every day for most of the day and for two weeks or more. WhatU U 7 /U /Udepression? AU U 8 /U /U
3、event can certainly bringU U 9 /U /Udepression, but some will say it happensU U 10 /U /Ua specific cause. So how do you know if youre just having a bad dayU U 11 /U /Uare really depressed? Depression affects yourU U 12 /U /U, moods, behavior and even your physical health. These changes often goU U 1
4、3 /U /Uor are labeledU U 14 /U /Usimply a bad case of the blues. Someone whos trulyU U 15 /U /Udepression will haveU U 16 /U /Uperiods of crying spells, feelings ofU U 17 /U /U(like not being able to change your situation) andU U 18 /U /U(tike youll feel this way forever), irritation or agitation. A
5、 depressed person oftenU U 19 /U /Ufrom others, Depression seldom goes away by itself, and the greatestU U 20 /U /Uof depression is suicide. The risk of suicide increases if the depression isnt treated.（分数：10.00）(1). A. depicted B. reported C. prohibited D. expressed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2). A. on B. do
6、wn C. inward D. up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3). A. social B. academic C. literary D. health（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4). A. patterns B. links C. intuition D. conscientiousness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5). A. mostly B. once C. fairly D. desperately（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. cures B. checks C. triggers D. logs（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.
7、(7). A. solemn B. sarcastic C. slender D. stressful（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8). A. on B. around C. up D. under（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. via B. without C. without D. out of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A. or B. but C. and D. while（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. monopoly B. motion C. thoughts D. association（分数：0.50）A.B.C.
8、D.(12). A. underestimated B. unsettled C. unexpected D. unrecognized（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13). A. by B. as C. in D. for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14). A. battling B. substituting C. reproaching D. menacing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. justified B. extended C. identified D. matched（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16). A. selfishnes
9、s B. helplessness C. strategy D. emotion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17). A. vibration B. vicinity C. reservation D. hopelessness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18). A. withdraws B. overwhelms C. invades D. exploits（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19). A. fabric B. patent C. danger D. passion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20). A. happen B. convey C. f
10、ade D. deteriorate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Violent criminals with something to hide have more reason than ever to be paranoid about a tap on the shoulder which could send them to jail. Queensland police are working through a
11、 backlog of unsolved murders with some dramatic success. Greater cooperation between the public and various law enforcement agencies is playing a role, but new genetic-testing techniques are the real key to providing the vital evidence to mount a prosecution.Evidence left behind at the scene of any
12、murder is guaranteed to outlive the person who left it. A blood, saliva or tissue sample in the size of a pin, kept dry and out of sunlight, will last several thousand years. From it, scientific analysis now can tell accurately the sex of the person who left it.When matched against a sample from a c
13、rime suspect, it can indicate with million-to-one certainty whether the samples come from the same source. Only twins share identical DNA. So precise is the technology if the biological parents of a suspect agree to provide a sample, forensic scientists can work out the rest for themselves without c
14、ooperation from the suspect.Queensland forensic scientists have been using the DNA testing technology since 1992, and last year they were recognized internationally for their competence in positive individual identification. That is part of the reason 20 of Queenslands most puzzling unsolved murders
15、 dating to 1932 are being ac timely investigated. There also have been several recent arrests for unsolved murders.Forensic evidence was instrumental in charges being laid over the bashing death of waitress Tasha Douty on Brampton Island in 1983. Doutys blood-splattered, naked body was found on a nu
16、de sunbathing beach at Dinghy Bay on the island. Footprints in the sand indicated that the killer had grappled with the 21-year-old mother who had fled up the beach before being caught and beaten to death.According to Leo Freney, the supervising forensic scientist at the John Tonge Centre at Brisban
17、es Griffith University, DNA testing has become an invaluable tool for police, its use is in identifying and rejecting suspects. In fact, he says, it eliminates more people than it convicts.“ It is easily as good as fingerprints for the purpose of identification, “ he says. “In the case of violent cr
18、ime it is better than fingerprints. You cant innocently explain things like blood and semen at a crime scene where you may be able to innocently explain fingerprints. “ In Queensland, a person who has been arrested on suspicion of an offence can be taken before a magistrate and ordered to provide a
19、sample of body fluid by :force if necessary.（分数：10.00）(1).What is implied in the first sentence of Paragraph 1 ? A. Law punishments are always slow. B. Justice has long arms. C. Everyone is equal before the law. D. A burnt child dreads the fire.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In Queensland, dramatic progress m
20、ade in investigating unresolved murders is because of_. A. the greater cooperation between suspects and police B. the simplification of the criminal prosecution process C. forensic scientists ability in positive individual identification D. new techniques in finding footprints of murders（分数：2.00）A.B
21、.C.D.(3).Evidence left behind at the scene of a crime is all of the following EXCEPT_. A. blood B. tissue C. footprints D. pin（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can be inferred from the text? A. Criminal evidence could be kept well in dry and warm places. B. The high accuracy of genetic testing lies in DNAs
22、uniqueness. C. DNA testing provides the vital evidence in Tasha Douty Case. D. Fingerprints are better than DNA to convict suspects.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).By the use of new technology, forensic scientists can_. A. work out the result of DNA completely by themselves B. eliminate more suspects than iden
23、tify them C. tell the appearance of a murder from the evidence left D. order the suspect to provide a sample of body fluid by law（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existent. It is nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to
24、elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining seat on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his seat to her, as he ought. In fact, it is saddening to note that if a man does offer his seat to an older woman, it is nearly always a Continental man or one from the older genera
25、tion.This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued about by young men, who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with courtesy, and that those who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone else. Women have neve
26、r claimed to be physically as strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, that young men should stand up for younger women, the fact remains that courtesy should be shown to the old, the sick and the burdened.Conditions in travel are really very hard on everyone, we know, but hardship is surel
27、y no excuse. Sometimes one wonders what would have been the behavior of these stout young men in a packed refugee train or a train on its way to a prisoner-camp during the war. Would they have considered it only right and their proper due to keep the best places for themselves then?Older people, tir
28、ed and irritable from a days work, are not angels, either-far from it. Many a brisk argument or an insulting quarrel breaks out as the weary queues push and shove each other to get on buses and tubes. One cannot commend this, of course, but one does feel there is just a little more excuse.If cities
29、are to remain pleasant places to live in at all, however, it seems urgent, not only that communications in transport should be improved, but also that communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite.
30、 Shop assistants wont bother to assist, taxi drivers shout at each other as they dash dangerously round corners, bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have had time to get on or off the bus, and so on and so on. It seems to us that it is up to the young and strong to do thei
31、r small part to stop such deterioration.（分数：10.00）(1).From what you have read, would you expect manners to improve among people who A. are physically strong. B. live in big modern cities. C. are from the older generation. D. live only in metropolitan cities.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the writers o
32、pinion concerning courteous manners toward women? A. Men should give up their seats to young women. B. Women neednt be treated differently from men. C. “Lady First“ should be universally practiced. D. Special consideration ought to be shown to them.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, commu
33、nication between human beings would be smoother if A. public transport could be improved. B. people were not so tired and irritable. C. women were treated with more courtesy. D. people were considerate toward each other.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the possible meaning of the word “deterioration“ in
34、 the last paragraph? A. Spreading of evil conduct. B. Lowering of moral standards. C. Worsening of general situation. D. Declining of physical constitution.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the authors view, the best remedy for coping with the hard conditions in travel in cities would be to A. attach signific
35、ance to the moral education of young people. B. improve the means of transportation and the public morality. C. treat people, be they young and old, with courtesy and sympathy. D. demand that everyone avoid brisk arguments and insulting quarrels.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Within 80
36、years, some scientists estimate, the world must produce more than eight times the present world food supply. The productiveness of the sea raises our hopes for an adequate food supply in the future. Aided by men of science, we have set forth to find out that 70 percent of the earth remains unexplore
37、d-the ocean depths. Thus, we may better discover and utilize the seas natural products for the worlds hungry.It is fish protein concentrate that is sought from the seas. By utilizing the unharvested fish in United States waters alone, enough fish protein concentrate can be obtained to provide supple
38、mental animal protein for more than one billion people for one year at the cost of less than half a cent per day per person. The malnutrition of children is terribly tragic. But the crime lies in societys unrestrained breeding, not in its negligence in producing fish powder. But wherever the populat
39、ion projects are carefully considered, the answer to the problem is something like this: There are few projects that could do more to raise the nutritional level of mankind than a full-scale scientific effort to develop the resources of the sea. Each year some thirty million tons of food products ar
40、e taken from the sea, which account for 12 percent of the worlds animal proteins. Nations with their swelling populations must push forward into the sea frontiers for food supplies. Private industry must step up its marine research and the federal government must make new attacks on the problems of
41、marine research development. There is a tone of desperateness in all these designs on the sea.But what is most startling is the assumption that the seas are an untouched resource. The fact is that the seas have been, and are being, hurt directly and indirectly, by the same forces that have abused th
42、e land. In the broad pattern of ecological relationships the seas are not separable from what happens on the land. The poisons that pollute the soil and the air bring in massive doses into the “continental shelf“ waters. The dirt and pollution that spills from our urban sewers and industrial out fal
43、ls despoil our bays and coastal waters. All the border seas are already heavily polluted by the same exploitation drives that have undermined the quality of life on land.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the text, which of the following statements is true? A. Though the situation is not urgent, we should p
44、ress forward with our marine research. B. Nations throughout the world must be provided with fish, fresh or frozen, for needed protein. C. There are enough fish in the U. S. seas to allow for the annual protein needs of a quarter of the worlds 5 billion people. D. The oceans are the major source of
45、the worlds protein supply.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The authors primary concern is that A. the oceans will help to provide enough food for the world in the future. B. thirty million tons of food products are taken from the sea every year. C. city sewers are pouring forth polluted matter into bays and coa
46、stal waters. D. a steady increase in population will result in more hungry mouths to feed.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The author of the text is most probably of the opinion that A. the sea is an inexhaustible resource of food supply. B. the shortage o food supply mainly results from unrestricted population
47、 growth. C. the inadequate food supply is chiefly caused by the negligence in exploration of the sea. D. it is the population projects, rather than the development of sea resources, that can improve the nutritional conditions of mankind.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the last paragraph we learn that A. the seas we will depend on for future food have been more or less contaminated. B. the marine resources are directly bound up with our future life. C. the exploitation drives are essential for us to improve the quality of life on the earth.
