1、考研英语(一)-41 (1)及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The celebration of the New Year is the oldest one of all holidays. It was first U U 1 /U /UinU U 2 /U /UBabylon about 4,000 years ago. New Years Day is anU U 3 /U /Unational holiday, and banks and offices will be closed. Many fa
2、milies have New years DayU U 4 /U /U. Traditionally, it was thought that it couldU U 5 /U /Uthe luck they would have U U 6 /U /Uthe coming year byU U 7 /U /Uthey did or ate on the first day of the year. For that reason, it has become common forU U 8 /U /Uto celebrate the first few minutes of aU U 9
3、/U /Unew year in theU U 10 /U /Uwith the family and friends. Parties often last into the middle of the night after the ringing of a new year. It was once believed that the first visitor on New Years Day would bringU U 11 /U /Ugood luck or bad luck to the rest of the year. It was particularly lucky i
4、f that visitorU U 12 /U /Uto be a tall dark-haired man. Traditional New YearsU U 13 /U /Uare also thought to bring luck. People in many parts of the US celebrate the New Year byU U 14 /U /Ublack-eyed peas and cabbage. Black-eyed peas have been considered good luck in many cultures. Cabbage leaves ar
5、e considered aU U 15 /U /Uof prosperity, beingU U 16 /U /Uof paper currency. Other traditions of the season include the making of New Years resolutions. That tradition alsoU U 17 /U /Uback to the early Babylonians. Popular modern resolutions might include theU U 18 /U /Uto lose weight or quit smokin
6、g. The song, “Auld Lang Syne“, is sung at theU U 19 /U /Uof midnight in almost every English-speaking country in the world to bring in the New Year. “Auld Lang Syne“ literallyU U 20 /U /U“yearning for the old days.“（分数：10.00）(1). A. remarked B. commented C. observed D. viewed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2). A.
7、 prehistoric B. ancient C. past D. old（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3). A. official B. regional C. private D. financial（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. expenses B. sacrifices C. get-togethersD. pursuits（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5). A. recall B. affect C. compromise D. enhance（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. throughout B. during C. thro
8、ugh D. within（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7). A. which B. means C. when D. what（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8). A. folks B. adults C. ghosts D. farmers（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. logo B. trademark C. calendar D. brand（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A. firm B. company C. corporation D. venture（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. neither B. not
9、C. either D. but（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12). A. happened B. occurred C. took place D. broke out（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13). A. beverage B. feedback C. banquets D. foods（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14). A. steaming B. picking C. consuming D. roasting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. symbol B. mark C. hint D. sign（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(
10、16).A. genetic B. representativeC. gorgeous D. strict（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17). A. emerges B. exempts C. dates D. departs（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. pronunciationB. revenge C. review D. promise（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19). A. stroke B. status C. stereotype D. stride（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20). A. fuses B. means C. coin
11、cides D. generates（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Menorca or Majorca? It is that time of the year again. The brochures are piling up in travel agents while newspapers and magazines bulge with advice about where to go. But the tradi
12、tional packaged holiday, a British innovation that provided many timid natives with their first experience of warm sand, is not what it was. Indeed, the industry is anxiously awaiting a High Court ruling to find out exactly what it now is. Two things have changed the way Britons research and book th
13、eir holidays: low-cost airlines and the Internet. Instead of buying a ready-made package consisting of a flight, hotel, car hire and assorted entertainment from a tour operators brochure, it is now easy to put together a trip using an online travel agent like Expedia or Travelocity, which last July
14、bought Lastminute. com for 577 million ($1 billion), or from the proliferating websites of airlines, hotels and car-rental firms. This has led some to sound the death knell for high-street travel agents and tour operators. There have been upheavals and closures, but the traditional firms are startin
15、g to fight back, in part by moving more of their business online. First Choice Holidays, for instance, saw its pre-tax profit rise by 16% to 114 million ($195 million) in the year to the end of October. Although the overall number of holidays booked has fallen, the company is concentrating on more v
16、aluable long-haul and adventure trips. First Choice now sells more than half its trips directly, either via the Internet, over the telephone or from its own travel shops. It wants that to reach 75% within a few years. Other tour operators are showing similar hustle. MyTravel managed to cut its loss
17、by almost half in 2005. Thomas Cook and Thomson Holidays, now both German owned, are also bullish about the coming holiday season. Highstreet travel agents are having a tougher time, though, not least because many leading tour operations have cut the commissions they pay. Some high-street travel age
18、nts are also learning to live with the Internet, helping people book complicated trips that they have researched online, providing advice and tacking on other services. This is seen as a growth area. But if an agent puts together separate flights and hotel accommodation, is that a package, too? The
19、Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) says it is and the agent should hold an Air Travel Organisers Licence, which provides financial guarantees to repatriate people and provide refunds. The scheme dates from the early 1970s, when some large British travel firms went bust, stranding customers on the Costas
20、. Although such failures are less common these days, the CAA had to help out some 30,000 people last year. The Association of British Travel Agents went to the High Court in November to argue such bookings are not traditional packages and so do not require agents to acquire the costly licences. Whil
21、e the court decides, millions of Britons will happily click away buying online holidays, unaware of the difference.（分数：10.00）(1).Based on the first paragraph, the best title of the text could be_. A. An annual holiday B. A High Court ruling C. A new package D. A British innovation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2
22、).According to the text, the shift in the method of holiday booking in UK is associated with_. A. the popularity of electronics B. the costly licences C. car rental firms D. the traditional ideology（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the text, which of the following is true? A. To put together a trip
23、using a traditional travel agent is not hard at present. B. To sound the death knell for tour operator is unacceptable and inhumane. C. Some high-street travel agents defy the model of surviving with the internet. D. Traditional tour firms grapple with the internet.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “ hu
24、stle“ in the topic sentence of the fourth paragraph most probably denotes_. A. demand B. hostility C. sale D. prejudice（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the first and last paragraphs, which of the following is still in suspense? A. A legal definition. B. A congestion charge. C. Financial guarantee.
25、D. An adventure trip.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)They may not be the richest, but Africans remain the worlds staunchest optimists. An annual survey by Gallup International, a research outfit, shows that, when asked whether this year will be better than last, Africa once again comes o
26、ut on top. Out of 52,000 people interviewed all over the world, under half believe that things are looking up. But in Africa the proportion is close to 60%almost twice as much as in Europe. Africans have some reasons to be cheerful. The continents economy has been doing fairly well with South Africa
27、, the economic powerhouse, growing steadily over the past few years. Some of Africas long-running conflicts, such as the war between the north and south in Sudan and the civil war in Congo, have ended. Africa even has its first elected female head of state, in Liberia. Yet there is no shortage of do
28、wners too. Most of Africa remains dirt poor. Crises in places like Cote dIvoire, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe are far from solved. And the democratic credentials of Ethiopia and Uganda, once the darlings of western donors, have taken a bad knock. AIDS killed over 2 million Africans in 2005, and will ki
29、ll more this year. So is it all just a case of irrational exuberance ? Meril James of Gallup argues that there is, in fact, usually very little relation between the surveys optimism rankings and reality. Africans, this year led by Nigerians, are consistently the most upbeat, whether their lot gets b
30、etter or not. On the other hand, Greece hardly the worst place on earthtops the gloom-and-doom chart, followed closely by Portugal and France. Ms James speculates that religion may have a lot to do with it. Nine out of ten Africans are religious, the highest proportion in the world. But cynics argue
31、 that most Africans believe that 2006 will be golden because things have been so bad that it is hard to imagine how they could possibly get worse. This may help explain why places that have suffered recent misfortunes, such as Kosovo and Afghanistan, rank among the top five optimists. Moussaka for t
32、hought for those depressed Greeks.（分数：10.00）(1).The statistics are employed in the first paragraph so as to indicate sort of_. A. disparity B. numbness C. conformity D. stagnation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph of the text that African optimism is_. A. detrimental B
33、. fragile C. transient D. constant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The conclusion made by Ms James, according to the text, is_. A. tentative B. immutable C. impeccable D. moderate（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The tone of the author in discussing African status can be defined as being_. A. radical B. impartial C. hesitan
34、t D. self-centered（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).France is mentioned in the text with the aim to_. A. contrast Nigerians and French B. defend Meril James remarks C. attach importance to the gloom-and-doom chart D. refute Ms James concept of religion（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In general, our s
35、ociety is becoming one of the giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes Ua small well-oiled cog in the machinery/U. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human relations“ experts; yet all this oil
36、ing does not aver the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The. worker and employee are anxious not only because they mi
37、ght find themselves out of a job, they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human being
38、s.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-r
39、espect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on then are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their beh
40、avior,soeia bitity, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than ones fellow competitor ereates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or t
41、o nineteenth century “free enterprise“ capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically-man-aged industrialism in which maximal production and eonsumption are ends in themselv
42、es into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialitiesthose of all love and of reason-are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.（分数：10.00）(1).By “a small well-oiled
43、 cog in the machinery“ the author intends to render the idea that man is_. A. a necessary part of the society though each individuals function is negligible B. an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothly C. working in complete harmony with the rest of
44、the society D. a humble component of tire society, especially when working smoothly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that_. A. they are deprived of their individuality and independence B. they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life C. they a
45、re faced with the fundamental realities of human existence D. they are likely to lose their jobs（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those_. A. who are at the bottom of the society B. who are higher up in their social status C. who could keep far
46、away from this competitive world D. who prove better than their fellow competitors（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should_. A. resort to the production mode of our ancestors B. offer higher wages to the workers and employees C. enable man to fully
47、 develop his potentialities D. take the fundamental realities for granted（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The authors attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of_. A. approval B. tolerance C. suspicion D. dissatisfaction（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、BText 4/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“The impulse to excess among young Britons remains as powerful as ever, but the force that used to keep the impulse in check has all but disappeared,“ claimed a newspaper. Legislation that made it easier to get hold of
