1、考研数学三-一元函数积分学(二)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)These are tough times for Wal-Mart, Americas biggest retailer. Long accused of (1) small-town America mad condemned for the selfishness of its pay, the company has lately come under (2) for its meanness over employees hea
2、lth-care benefits. The charge is arguably (3) : the firms health coverage, while (4) less extensive than the average for big companies, is on equal terms (5) other retailers. But bad publicity, coupled with rising costs, has (6) the Bentonville giant to action. WalMart is making changes that should
3、shift the ground in Americas healthcare debate.One (7) is to reduce the prices of many generic, or out-of-patent, prescription drugs. Wal-Marts critics dismiss the move as a publicity (8) . The list of drugs includes only 143 different medicines and excludes many popular group. True, but short-sight
4、ed. Wal-Mart has (9) retailing by using its size to squeeze suppliers and (10) the gains on to consumers. It could (11) the same with drugs. A “Wal-Mart effect“ in drugs will not solve Americas health-costs problem: group account for only a small share of drug costs, which in turn make (12) only 10%
5、 of overall health spending. But it would (13) .The firms other initiative is more (14) . Wal-Mart is joining the small but fast-growing group of employers (15) are controlling costs by shifting to health insurance with high deductibles.Early evidence (16) these plans do help firms control the cost
6、of health insurance. But critics say that the savings are (17) . They argue that the plans shift costs to sicker workers, discourage preventative care and will anyway do little to (18) overall health spending, (19) most of the $2 trillion that America (20) health care each year goes to people with m
7、ultiple chronic diseases.（分数：10.00）(1).A wrecked B wrecksC wreck D wrecking（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A dismission B fireC force D agitation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A illegal B unfairC unreasonable D incorrect（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A usually B admittedlyC obviously D specially（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A with B toC o
8、f D by（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A caused B expelledC stirred D raised（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A problem B managementC intrigue D strategy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A demonstration B cheatC attention D stunt（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A transformed B translatedC transported D transacted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A passes B pas
9、sedC passing D pass（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A make B doC get D form（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A for B intoC out D up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A receive B solveC fit D help（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A considerable B principalC controversial D available（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A who B whichC what D where（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.
10、(16).A suggests B proposesC reminds D explains（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A interesting B misleadingC expressing D illustrating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A organize B regulateC verify D control（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A since B thenC when D because of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A hangs on B takes onC spends on D goes o
11、n（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)September 11th 2001 drew the transatlantic alliance together; but the mood did not last, and over the five years since it has pulled ever further apart. A recent poll for the German Marshall Fund show
12、s that 57% of Europeans regard American leadership in world affairs as “undesirable“. The Iraq war is mainly to blame. But there is another and more intractable reason for the growing division: God.Europeans worry that American foreign policy under George Bush is too influenced by religion. The “hol
13、y warriors“ who hijacked the planes on September 11th reintroduced God into international affairs in the most dramatic of ways. It seems that George Bush is replying in kind, encouraging a clash of religions that could spell global catastrophe.Dominique Moisi, a special adviser at the French Institu
14、te for International Relations, argues that “the combination of religion and nationalism in America is frightening. We feel betrayed by God and by nationalism, which is why we are building the European Union as a barrier to religious warfare.“ Josef Braml, of the German Institute for International a
15、nd Security Affairs, complains that in America “religious attitudes have more of an influence on political choices than in any other western democracy.“The notion that America is too influenced by religion is not confined to the elites.Three in five French people and nearly as many Dutch think that
16、Americans are too religiousand that religion skews what should be secular decisions. Europeans who think that America is “too religious“ are more inclined to anti-Americanism than their fellow countrymen. 38% of Britons have an unfavourable view of America, but that number rises to 50% among people
17、who are wary of American religiosity.Is America engaged in a faith-based foreign policy? Religion certainly exerts a growing influence on its actions in the world, but in ways more subtle and complicated than Europeans imagine. It is true that America is undergoing a religious revival “Hot“ religion
18、s such as evangelical Protestantism and hardline Catholicism are growing rapidly while “cool“ mainline versions of Christianity are declining. It is also true that the Republican Party is being reshaped by this revival. Self-identified evangelicals provided almost 40% of Mr. Bushs vote in 2004; if y
19、ou add in other theological conservatives, such as Mormons and traditional Catholics, that number rises closer to 60%. All six top Republican leaders in the Senate have earned 100% ratings from the Christian Coalition.It is also true that Mr. Bush frequently uses religious rhetoric when talking of f
20、oreign affairs. On September 12th he was at it again, telling a group of conservative journalists that he sees the war on terror as “a confrontation between good and evil“, and remarking, “It seems to me that theres a Third Awakening“ (in other words, an outbreak of Christian evangelical fervour, of
21、 the sort that has swept across America at least twice before). And Christian America overall is taking a bigger interest in foreign policy. New voices are being heard, Such as Sam Brownback, a conservative senator from Kansas who has led the fight against genocide in Darfur, and Rick Warren, the au
22、thor of a bestseller called The Purpose-Driven Life, who is sending 2 000 missionaries to Rwanda.Finally, it is true that religious figures have done some pretty outrageous things. Pat Robertson called for the assassination of Hugo Chavez, the president of Venezuela. Lieu- tenant-General William “Je
23、rry“ Boykin, deputy under-secretary of defence for intelligence, toured the country telling Christian groups that radical Muslims hate America “because we re a Christian nation and the enemy is a guy named Satan“. He often wore uniform.（分数：10.00）(1).The increasing transatlantic schism, according to
24、the text, results from _.A terrorist attacks B American reliance on deityC intractable reason D multiple factors（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The phrase “in kind“ in the last sentence of the second paragraph most probably denotes _.A “with something tender“ B “with kindness“C “out of charity impulse“ D “with
25、 something similar/（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The view mentioned in the third paragraph at least prevail among _.A the European Union B the religious establishmentC the special adviser D the elites（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A Americ
26、as foreign policy seems strongly influenced by religion. But that influence is much more complex than its critics suppose.B In the world of good and evil American foreign policy is bound to be fruitless.C The growing disparity which is created by God has been existing. But the gulf of the transatlan
27、tic alliance will be bridged.D Religious figures have made some pretty outrageous things that could be com- promised by means non-violent means.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author evidences his own notion by advancing _.A four factsB far-fetched pretextsC random hypothesisD powerful preachers（分数：2.00）A.
28、B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Roger Rosenblatts book Black Fiction, in attempting to apply literary rather than sociopolitical criteria to its subject, successfully alters the approach taken by most previous studies. As Rosenblatt notes, criticism of Black writing has often served as a pretext for e
29、xpounding on Black history. Addison Gayles recent work, for example, judges the value of Black Fiction by overtly political standards, rating each work according to the notions of Black identity which it propounds. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances, its authors react to
30、 those circumstances in ways other than ideological, and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise. Rosenblatts literary analysis discloses affinities and connections among works of Black Fiction which solely political studies
31、have overlooked or ignored. Writing acceptable criticism of Black Fiction, however, presupposes giving satisfactory answers to a number of questions. First of all, is there a sufficient reason, other than the racial identity of the authors, to group together works by Black authors? Second, how does
32、Black Fiction make itself distinct from other modem fiction with which it is largely contemporaneous? Rosenblatt shows that Black Fiction constitutes a distinct body of writing that has an identifiable, coherent literary tradition. Looking at novels written by Black over the last eighty years, he di
33、scovers recurring concerns and designs independent of chronology. These structures are thematic, and they spring, not surprisingly, from the central fact that the Black characters in these novels exist in a predominantly white culture, whether they try to conform to that culture or rebel against it.
34、 Black Fiction does leave some aesthetic questions open. Rosenblatts thematic analysis permits considerable objectivity ; he even explicitly states that it is not his intention to judge the merit of the various works - yet his reluctance seems misplaced, especially since an attempt to appraise might
35、 have led to interesting results. For instance, some of the novels appear to be structurally diffuse. Is this a defect, or are the authors working out of, or trying to forge a different kind of aesthetic? In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomers Cane, verges on expressionism or
36、 surrealism; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression? In spite of such omissions, what Rosenblatt does include in his discussion makes for an astu
37、te and worthwhile study. Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels, bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. Its argument is tightly constructed, and its forthright, lucid style exemplifies le
38、velheaded and penetrating criticism. （分数：10.00）(1).The author of the text is primarily concerned with A evaluating the soundness of a work of criticism B comparing various critical approaches to a subject C discussing the limitations of a particular kind of criticism D summarizing the major points m
39、ade in a work of criticism（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The author of the text believes that Black Fiction would have been improved had Rosenblatt A evaluated more carefully the ideological and historical aspects of Black Fiction B attempted to be more objective in his approach to novels and stories by Black
40、 authors C explored in greater detail the recurrent thematic concerns of Black Fiction throughout its history D assessed the relative literary merit of the novels he analyzes thematically（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The authors discussion of Black Fiction can be best described as_. A pedantic and contentiou
41、s B critical but admiring C ironic and deprecating D argumentative but unfocused（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author of the text employs all of the following in the discussion of Rosenblatts book EXCEPT_. A rhetorical questions B specific examples C comparison and contrast D definition of terms（分数：2.00）A
42、.B.C.D.(5).The author of the text refers to James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man most probably in order to_. A point out affinities between Rosenblatts method of thematic analysis and earlier criticism B clarify the point about expressionistic style made earlier in the passage C
43、qualify the assessment of Rosenblatts book made in the first paragraph of the passage D give a specific example of one of the accomplishments of Rosenblatts work（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The day was star-crossed: Friday the 13th in the month of October, on the eve of the second loomin
44、g anniversary of a devastating market crash. “Im telling you, psychology is really funny. People get crazy in situations like that,“ said portfolio strategist Elaine Garzarelli. Last week Friday the 13th lived up to its frightful reputation. After drifting lower at a sleepy pace for most of the day,
45、 the Dow Jones industrial average abruptly lurched into a hair-raising sky dive in the final hour of trading.The Bush Administration moved swiftly to avert any sense of crisis after the market closed. Declared Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady: “Its important to recognize that todays stock market de
46、cline doesnt signal any fundamental change in the condition of the economy. The economy remains well balanced, and the outlook is for continued moderate growth.“ But Massachusetts Democrat Edward Markey, who chairs a House subcommittee on telecommunications and finance, vowed to hold hearings this w
47、eek on the stock market slide. Said he: “This is the second heart attack. My hope is that before we have the inevitable third heart attack, we pay attention to these problems.“Experts found no shortage of culprits to blame for the latest shipwreck. A series of downbeat realizations converged on Frid
48、ay, ranging from signs of a new burst of inflation to sagging corporate profits to troubles in the junk-bond market that has fueled major takeovers. The singular event that shook investors was the faltering of a $6.75 billion labor management buyout of UAL, the parent company of United Airlines, the second largest U. S. carrier.On one point most thoughtful Wall Streeters agreed: the market had reached such dizzying heights that a correction of some sort seemed almost inevitable. Propelled by favorable economic news and a wave of multibillion-dollar takeovers, stocks had soared more th
