1、南京大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI 考试真题 2014 年及答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)1.NATO (分数:1.00)_2.Genebank (分数:1.00)_3.CBD (分数:1.00)_4.YOG (分数:1.00)_5.IMF (分数:1.00)_6.ISO (分数:1.00)_7.OPEC (分数:1.00)_8.UNESCO (分数:1.00)_9.Euromart (分数:1.00)_10.negative population growth (分数:1.00)_11.the European Economic Community (分数:1.00)_1
2、2.World Intellectual Property Organization (分数:1.00)_13.greenhouse effect (分数:1.00)_14.Masscult (分数:1.00)_15.I-steel (分数:1.00)_16.无人售票 (分数:1.00)_17.货到付款 (分数:1.00)_18.战略伙伴关系 (分数:1.00)_19.西部大开发 (分数:1.00)_20.打假 (分数:1.00)_21.反腐倡廉 (分数:1.00)_22.黑客 (分数:1.00)_23.和平过渡 (分数:1.00)_24.市场准入 (分数:1.00)_25.网民 (分数:1.
3、00)_26.工业园区 (分数:1.00)_27.绿色食品 (分数:1.00)_28.泡沫经济 (分数:1.00)_29.脱口秀 (分数:1.00)_30.素质教育 (分数:1.00)_31.The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15. (分数:3.00)_32.In case of discrepancy, claim should be filed by the Buyer within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destinatio
4、n. (分数:5.00)_33.“Site“ means the land and other places on, under, in or through which the Permanent Works or Temporary Works designed by the Engineer are to be executed. (分数:5.00)_34.Taxation shall comprise all forms of taxes, including but not limited to income tax, capital gain tax, stamp duty tar
5、iffs, customs duties, import and export duties, impositions, duties and levels, and all fines, penalties, charges, fees, costs and rates imposed, levied and collected by the taxation authority and other competent authorities. (分数:7.00)_35.Every successful business is built on superior sensesof timin
6、g, opportunity, responsibility, and, not infrequently, but humor. None, however, is more critical than the ability to sense the market. A senior executive“s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technolo
7、gies, product and service offerings, indeed, all elements of a company“s strategic posture. People like Bill Gates brought this ability to the enterprises they founded. Without it, their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful. But many top-level managers, particularly t
8、hose at industrial companies, consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff. And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority, most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates reportssecond-or-third-hand in
9、formationto define and sense the market for them. (approximately 149 words) (分数:50.00)_36.世界发生了新变化,中国也取得了新进步。中国各族人民万众一心,继续推动全面建设小康社会进程。中国的综合国力进一步增强,人民生活进一步改善。中国人民加强同各国人民的交流合作,积极致力于国际热点问题的妥善解决,努力推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。1978 年开始的改革开放,是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择,使社会主义中国的面貌发生了历史性变化。我们将坚定不移地高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜,深入贯彻落实科学发展观,继续解放
10、思想,坚持改革开放,发展社会主义市场经济,发展社会主义民主政治,发展社会主义先进文化,继续以改善民生为重点加强社会建设,努力使全体人民学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居,促进社会和谐。 (分数:50.00)_南京大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI 考试真题 2014 年答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)1.NATO (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:北大西洋公约组织2.Genebank (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:基因银行3.CBD (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:中央商务区(Central Business District)4.YOG (
11、分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:青奥会(Youth Olympic Games)5.IMF (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)6.ISO (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:国际标准化组织(International Organization for Standardization)7.OPEC (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exposing Countries)8.UNESCO (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:联合国教
12、科文组织(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)9.Euromart (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:欧洲共同市场10.negative population growth (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:人口负增长11.the European Economic Community (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:欧洲经济共同体12.World Intellectual Property Organization (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:世界知识产权组织13.
13、greenhouse effect (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:温室效应14.Masscult (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:大众文化,通俗文化15.I-steel (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:工字钢16.无人售票 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:self-service ticketing17.货到付款 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:cash on delivery18.战略伙伴关系 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:strategic partnership19.西部大开发 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:The devel
14、opment campaign of the western regions20.打假 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:crack down on counterfeit goods21.反腐倡廉 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:combat corruption and build a clean government22.黑客 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:hacker23.和平过渡 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:peaceful transition24.市场准入 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:market access25.网民 (分数:1
15、.00)_正确答案:()解析:netizen26.工业园区 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:industrial park27.绿色食品 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:green food28.泡沫经济 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:bubble economy29.脱口秀 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:talk show30.素质教育 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:quality-oriented education31.The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15. (
16、分数:3.00)_正确答案:()解析:卖方须在 6 月 15 日前将货交给买方。32.In case of discrepancy, claim should be filed by the Buyer within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination. (分数:5.00)_正确答案:()解析:买方提出索赔,应于货物到达目的港之日起 30 日内提出。33.“Site“ means the land and other places on, under, in or through which the
17、 Permanent Works or Temporary Works designed by the Engineer are to be executed. (分数:5.00)_正确答案:()解析:“工地”指工程师设计的永久性或临建工程施工所需的土地及其他场地,包括地面、地下、在之上或通过部分。34.Taxation shall comprise all forms of taxes, including but not limited to income tax, capital gain tax, stamp duty tariffs, customs duties, import a
18、nd export duties, impositions, duties and levels, and all fines, penalties, charges, fees, costs and rates imposed, levied and collected by the taxation authority and other competent authorities. (分数:7.00)_正确答案:()解析:税收包括各种形式的税项,包括但不限于税务局和其他主管部门征收的所得税、资本利得税、印花税、关税、进出口税、各种征税以及一切罚金、收费和税款。 解析 从本题来看,我们可以
19、发现英文合同用词考究,特定性较强,因此我们应先把握英文合同语言的几个特点: 1英文合同中经常出现 may、shall、must 以及它们的否定说法。虽然这些词在英文中属于再简单不过的单词,但是,当它们出现在合同中时,我们就需要极为谨慎地对待了。首先,我们需要注意它们各自的语意强烈程度,例如:may 的含义是约定当事人的权利(即可以做什么),shall 的含义是约定当事人的义务(应该做什么),而 must 则用来表示强制性义务(即必须做什么),表禁止性义务时(不得做什么)时,就要使用 may not(或者是 shall not)。 2由于合同语言力求达到公正客观的效果,因此被动结构也是很常见的。
20、考生需要恰当地在主、被动之间进行转换,达到译文语言的公正和客观。 3介词和介词短语也会频繁地出现在商务英语合同中,是商务英语合同的一个明显的语言特点。这样的现象具有可以使行文严谨、避免歧义产生的作用。 4严谨的用词也是合同语言的一大特点。题目中的第四条中出现了 9 种税务的名称以及多种收费项目的名称,翻译时一定要严谨、将每个意思都表达到位,同时这些严谨的说法也需要我们积累,便于以后使用。综合来看,用词周密严谨、句式较长是商业合同文件中英文句明显的特点,因此对于译者而言,具有一定的难度。但是,我们要知道,任何句子都是由一些基本的成分组合而成的,即使再长、再复杂的句子,只要遵循这一事实都能够被正确
21、地翻译出来。我们首先要弄清合同原文的语法结构;然后抓住句子的主干结构和中心内容,搞清楚句子的大义;接着,摸索出每层句子之间的逻辑脉络关系连接;最后按照汉语的特点和表达方式组织译文,就可以在一定程度上保证合同翻泽的准确性。35.Every successful business is built on superior sensesof timing, opportunity, responsibility, and, not infrequently, but humor. None, however, is more critical than the ability to sense th
22、e market. A senior executive“s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies, product and service offerings, indeed, all elements of a company“s strategic posture. People like Bill Gates brought thi
23、s ability to the enterprises they founded. Without it, their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful. But many top-level managers, particularly those at industrial companies, consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff. And even if they do believ
24、e that market focus is a priority, most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates reportssecond-or-third-hand informationto define and sense the market for them. (approximately 149 words) (分数:50.00)_正确答案:()解析:每个成功的工商企业都是建立在一些卓越的意识之上的,即懂得审
25、时度势,抓住机遇,承担责任,并不乏幽默感。但这一切都没有比对市场的感知能力更重要。高级管理人员的一个非常重要的本事是能很自然地设身处地为客户着想,并从他们那里获得见解。他们利用这种能力来指导技术、产品和售后服务,沟通计划,乃至公司战略计划的各个方面。比尔盖茨这样的成功者就曾把这种本事带进他们各自创立的企业中。没有这种能力,他们的事业或许只是昙花一现,至少没有像今天这样成功。但是许多高层经理,特别是工业公司的高层经理,把与顾客接触看成是销售和市场营销人员的事。即便他们确实也认为市场是公司的重心,但随着公司的发展,他们中大多数人也只与消费者保持十分有限的接触而已。他们判断和把握市场,依赖于下属送来
26、的报告,即二手、三手的材料。 解析 Every successful business is built on superior sensesof timing, opportunity, responsibility, and, not infrequently, but humor. 这句话的中心名词 senses 与破折号后的 4 个名词组成了 4 个不同的表达,sense 本身是“感觉”的意思,但是除了幽默感是使用了“感觉”这层含义外,其余 3 个分别按照语境和中文的表达习惯译为了“审时度势”“抓住机遇”和“承担责任”。 每个成功的工商企业都是建立在一些卓越的意识之上的,即懂得审时度势
27、,抓住机遇,承担责任,并不乏幽默感。 A senior executive“s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies, product and service offerings, indeed, all elements of a company“s strategic posture. 考生在考场环境中,经常会由于紧张,或匆忙,看错词,
28、尤其是形似的词,因此而造成误译。比如这句话中,考生就很容易把 empathize 错看成 emphasize,这两个词的拼写很相似,但意思完全不同,前者是“设身处地为着想”,后者是“强调”。 高级管理人员的一个非常重要的本事是能很自然地设身处地为客户着想,并从他们那里获得见解。他们利用这种能力来指导技术、产品和售后服务,沟通计划,乃至公司战略计划的各个方面。36.世界发生了新变化,中国也取得了新进步。中国各族人民万众一心,继续推动全面建设小康社会进程。中国的综合国力进一步增强,人民生活进一步改善。中国人民加强同各国人民的交流合作,积极致力于国际热点问题的妥善解决,努力推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。1978 年开始的改革开放,是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择,使社会主义中国的面貌发生了历史性变化。我们将坚定不移地高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜,深入贯彻落实科学发展观,继续解放思想,坚持改革开放,发展社会主义市场经济,发展社会主义民主政治,发展社会主义先进文化,继续以改善民生为重点加强社会建设,努力使全体人民学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居,促进社会和谐。 (分数:50.00)_