1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 43 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Furthermore, if I were to leave him, he would _, for he cannot endure to be separated from me for more than one hour.(2005 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.prevailB.presideC.perishD.persecute2.The great tragedy of life is no
2、t that men_, but that they cease to love.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.terminateB.expireC.perishD.wither3.The strong scent of Kates perfume _the air in the small room.(2003 年南开大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.radiatedB.permeatedC.extractedD.dispersed4.You must obtain _ from the authorities to fish in this river.
3、（分数：2.00）A.permitB.permissionC.rightD.freedom5.The tact that they reacted so differently was a reflection of their different _.（分数：2.00）A.performancesB.personalitiesC.qualitiesD.appearances6.The battle is of great significance when viewed in the _ of the progress of the war.(2002 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.
4、00）A.prospectiveB.respectiveC.perspectiveD.prescriptive7.Success now seemed very remote and Bernard felt_about it.（分数：2.00）A.disappointedB.dissatisfiedC.pessimisticD.optimistic8.They _ for an early end to the fighting which had brought about a great loss to the city.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.pe
5、titionedB.reasonedC.reckonedD.rebuked9.We need one hundred more signatures before we take the _ to the governor.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.pleaB.petitionC.patentD.claim10.Hundreds of local residents signed a_against closing the swimming-pool.(2010 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.petitionB.perceiveC.partiti
6、onD.participation11.Doctor Smith was one of the_ in cancer research.（分数：2.00）A.pioneersB.advocatesC.engineersD.founders12.As for the missing funds, the company manager, when demanded to give an explanation, could not even come up with a _one.(2005 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.plaintiveB.pervasiveC.perpetual
7、D.plausible13.In the search for solution to seemingly overwhelming problems, it became increasingly _ to include radical, even revolutionary ideas.(2004 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.stableB.absoluteC.immortalD.plausible14.Peters mother kept telling him that _ in the street is dangerous, but he would not lis
8、ten.(2007 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.playedB.will playC.playingD.been playing15.The criminals_ for leniency was ignored by the jurors.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.pretestB.demandC.pleaD.defence16.The couple had been trying to satisfy all the needs of their only youngster, who had been_ for more pocket mon
9、ey all the time.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.supposingB.pleadingC.trailingD.devising17.He told a story about his sister who was in a sad_when she was ill and had no money.(2004 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.plightB.polarizationC.plagueD.pigment18.In 1816, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of N
10、orthern Europe_ Europe into a bloody war.(2005 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.imposedB.plungedC.pitchedD.inserted19.He cannot see anything without his glasses, so he made a_of remembering to get them fixed before he went to work.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.choreB.successC.pointD.mess20._ telling her again sinc
11、e she wont listen to it?(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.Whats the point ofB.Hows the point ofC.Where is the point inD.Is there the point for21.Many rivers and lakes have been _ by industrial waste.（分数：2.00）A.damagedB.pollutedC.ruinedD.stained22.Canned foods are_with housewives because it takes so little
12、lime to cook them.（分数：2.00）A.usualB.welcomeC.desirableD.popular23.H is improper for a person in such a high _ in the company to behave so badly in public.（分数：2.00）A.positionB.conditionC.professionD.authority24.They had to examine the dead fish before they had a _ answer as to what killed them.（分数：2.
13、00）A.positiveB.possibleC.tentativeD.normal25.When he woke up, he realized that the things he had in his dream could not_ have happened.（分数：2.00）A.certainlyB.likelyC.possiblyD.potentially考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 43 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Furthermore, if I were to le
14、ave him, he would _, for he cannot endure to be separated from me for more than one hour.(2005 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.prevailB.presideC.perish D.persecute解析：解析：本题空格处是说如果我离开他，他将活不下去。C 项“perish 毁坏，使麻木”符合题意，如：The city perished in an earthquake(这座城市在一次地震中毁灭。)其他三项“prevail 流行，盛行；获胜，成功；preside 主持；persecute
15、迫害”都不正确。2.The great tragedy of life is not that men_, but that they cease to love.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.terminateB.expireC.perish D.wither解析：解析：A 项“terminate”意为“停止，结束”；B 项“expire”意为“满期，届期”：C 项“perish”意为“丧生，凋谢”；D 项“wither”意为“凋谢，枯萎”。由句意可知，“人生最大的悲剧不是死亡，而是不再去爱”，因此选择 C 项。3.The strong scent of K
16、ates perfume _the air in the small room.(2003 年南开大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.radiatedB.permeated C.extractedD.dispersed解析：解析：本题意为“凯特身上浓郁的香水味道弥漫在小屋的空气中”。B 项的“permeated 弥漫，渗透，扩散”符合题意。如：Water will permeate blotting paper(水能渗透吸水纸。)其他三项“radiated 放射，辐射；extracted 拔出，萃取；dispersed 分散，驱散”都不正确。4.You must obtain _ from t
17、he authorities to fish in this river.（分数：2.00）A.permitB.permission C.rightD.freedom解析：解析：permission n.允许，许可，准许。permit n.许可证，执照。right n.权利；正确，正当。freedom n.自由。5.The tact that they reacted so differently was a reflection of their different _.（分数：2.00）A.performancesB.personalities C.qualitiesD.appearanc
18、es解析：解析：personality n个性，人格；(某个行业的)人物，名人。performance n演出，表演：工作表现；履行，执行。quality n质量，品质，特性。appearance n出现，露面；外观，外貌。6.The battle is of great significance when viewed in the _ of the progress of the war.(2002 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.prospectiveB.respectiveC.perspective D.prescriptive解析：解析：本题空格处是说从战争发展的角度
19、看。C 项 perspective 的意思是“远景，前途，观点，看法”，in the perspective of 的意思是“从的角度”，符合题意。其他三项“prospective 预期的；respective 分别的，各自的；prescriptive 说明性的”都不正确。7.Success now seemed very remote and Bernard felt_about it.（分数：2.00）A.disappointedB.dissatisfiedC.pessimistic D.optimistic解析：解析：pessimistic(about)a.悲观(主义)的(pessimi
20、stic views)。disappointed(atwith)a.失望的。dissatisfied(withabout)a.不满意的。optimistic(about)a乐观(主义)的。8.They _ for an early end to the fighting which had brought about a great loss to the city.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.petitioned B.reasonedC.reckonedD.rebuked解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：petitioned 请求，请愿；reasoned 推
21、理，论证；reckoned 计算，估计，认为：rebuked 斥责，谴责，根据句子意思可知，正确答案是 A 选项，如：They petitioned the government to reduce taxes(他们向政府要求减税。)9.We need one hundred more signatures before we take the _ to the governor.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.pleaB.petition C.patentD.claim解析：解析：本题空格处是说我们带着请愿书去见主管人员。B 项“petition 情愿(书)”符合题意，
22、如：The villagers all signed a petition asking for a hospital to be built(村民们都在请愿书上签名要求建一所医院。)其他三项“plea 请求；patent 专利，执照；claim 要求，主张”都不正确。10.Hundreds of local residents signed a_against closing the swimming-pool.(2010 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.petition B.perceiveC.partitionD.participation解析：解析：在给出的选项中：p
23、etition“请愿书”；perceive“感知，理解”；partition“划分，分开”：participation“参与”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是 A。11.Doctor Smith was one of the_ in cancer research.（分数：2.00）A.pioneers B.advocatesC.engineersD.founders解析：12.As for the missing funds, the company manager, when demanded to give an explanation, could not even come
24、 up with a _one.(2005 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.plaintiveB.pervasiveC.perpetualD.plausible 解析：解析：本题空格处是说甚至提不出一个看似可信的解释。D 项“plausible 似有道理的”符合题意，如：a plausible excuse(看似有理的借口)。其他三项“plaintive 悲哀的，哀伤的：pervasive 颠倒的，曲解的；perpetual 永久的”都不正确。13.In the search for solution to seemingly overwhelming problems, it be
25、came increasingly _ to include radical, even revolutionary ideas.(2004 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.stableB.absoluteC.immortalD.plausible 解析：解析：本题中，D 项“plausible 似乎有理的”符合题意。其他三项“stable 稳定的； absolute绝对的；immortal 不朽的”都不正确。14.Peters mother kept telling him that _ in the street is dangerous, but he would not li
26、sten.(2007 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.playedB.will playC.playing D.been playing解析：解析：that 引导的句子在句中作补语，在 that 从句中缺少主语，因此应该用动词的现在分词形式作主语。所以，应选择 C。15.The criminals_ for leniency was ignored by the jurors.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.pretestB.demandC.plea D.defence解析：解析：本题是说，陪审团没有理睬罪犯对宽大处理的请求。C 项“plea 恳求、请求”符
27、合题意。如：spoke out in a plea for greater tolerance(喊出来恳求更大的宽容)。其他三项“protest 抗议；demand 要求，需求；defense 辩护”都不正确。16.The couple had been trying to satisfy all the needs of their only youngster, who had been_ for more pocket money all the time.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.supposingB.pleading C.trailingD.devisin
28、g解析：解析：本题的空格处是说，他们的孩子总是要很多零用钱。四个选项中，supposing 的意思是“推想，假设，猜想”，pleading 的意思是“辩护，恳求”，plead for 的意思是“再三恳求或请求”，trailing 的意思是“跟踪，追踪，拉”，devising 的意思是“设计，发明，图谋”。根据题意，B 项为正确答案。17.He told a story about his sister who was in a sad_when she was ill and had no money.(2004 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.plight B.polarizati
29、onC.plagueD.pigment解析：解析：本句空格处意为“陷入了悲惨的境地”，“plight 困境”符合句意，如：He is in a sad plight(他陷入了悲惨的境地)。“polarization 分化；plague 瘟疫，天灾；pigment 色素，颜料”都与句意不相符。18.In 1816, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Northern Europe_ Europe into a bloody war.(2005 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.imposedB.plunged C.
30、pitchedD.inserted解析：解析：本题是说 1816 年在北欧的一个偏僻地区所发生的一起明显无关紧要的事件，便欧洲陷入了一场血腥的战争。B 项“plunged 使投入，使插入，使陷入”符合题意，如： plunge a room into darkness(使一房间陷于黑暗中)。其他三项中，imposed 的意思是“征税、强加、以欺骗”，pitched 的意思是“投、掷、向前倾跌”，inserted 的意思是“插入、嵌入”，都与题意不符。19.He cannot see anything without his glasses, so he made a_of remembering
31、 to get them fixed before he went to work.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.choreB.successC.point D.mess解析：解析：本题中，make a point of doing sth的意思是“认为做某事重要或有必要”；chore 的意思是“家务，琐事”；success 的意思是“成功”；mess 的意思是“混乱”。四个选中只有 C 项为正确答案。20._ telling her again since she wont listen to it?(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.Whats t
32、he point of B.Hows the point ofC.Where is the point inD.Is there the point for解析：解析：句意为：既然她不会听，再跟她讲一遍又有什么意义呢?the point of 是指的意义，根据句意，A 项符合，故选 A 项正确。21.Many rivers and lakes have been _ by industrial waste.（分数：2.00）A.damagedB.polluted C.ruinedD.stained解析：解析：pollute vt弄脏，污染(空气或水)。damage vt.毁坏，损害。ruin
33、vt. 使毁灭，毁坏。stain vt染污，染色，把弄脏。22.Canned foods are_with housewives because it takes so little lime to cook them.（分数：2.00）A.usualB.welcomeC.desirableD.popular 解析：解析：popular(with sb)a.广受欢迎的，有名的；流行的，通俗的，大众的。usual a.通常的，平常的。welcome a.受欢迎的；be welcome to 欢迎到来(作形容词时不能说 welcome with)。desirable a.(定语或表语)可取的；值得
34、想望的，值得拥有的(在句型 It is desirable that中，从句谓语需用虚拟语气)。23.H is improper for a person in such a high _ in the company to behave so badly in public.（分数：2.00）A.position B.conditionC.professionD.authority解析：解析：position n职位，职务；姿势，姿态；见解，立场。condition n.条件；状态，状况；(pl.)环境(be in condition(运动员)身体条件好；be in good conditi
35、on(货物抵达)完好无损)。profession n.职业(一般指受过高等教育的人所从事的职业，如教师、医生、律师等)。authority n.权力，权威；当权者；(pl.)当局(a person in authority 当权人士)。24.They had to examine the dead fish before they had a _ answer as to what killed them.（分数：2.00）A.positive B.possibleC.tentativeD.normal解析：解析：positive a.确实的，明确的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的(如：I ga
36、ve you positive instructionsThere is positive proof that he did itCan you be positive ofabout what you saw? She was positive she had seen it)。 tentative a.试探(性)的，试验(性)的。normal a.正常的，平常的；正规的。25.When he woke up, he realized that the things he had in his dream could not_ have happened.（分数：2.00）A.certainlyB.likelyC.possibly D.potentially解析：解析：possibly ad. 可能，也许。certainly ad. 必定，一定；(回答别人的请求)当然，可以。likely ad.很可能。potentially ad.从潜在可能性看。
