1、考博英语-621 及答案解析(总分：87.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：24.50)1.A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in _ this system.A) defining B) implying C) reducing D) perfecting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.An important business meeting demanded his _.A. presence B. attendant C. attending D.
2、presentation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.The Supreme Court _ the judgement of the lower court in that case last week.A. amplified B. affirmed C. ascended D. applauded（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.Americans are highly _, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.A. moving B. mobile C. mova
3、ble D. motional（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.These two areas are similar_they both have a high rainfall during this season.A. to that B. besides that C. in that D. except that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.All the commodities sold in that shop are given one years _.A. assurance B. warrant C. guarantee D. insurance（分数：1.00
4、）A.B.C.D.7.Their attempts to evade taxes turned out to be futile.A. intentions B. ideas C. opinions D. efforts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Every member of society has to make a _ to straggle for the freedom of the country.A pledge B warranty C resolve D guarantee（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.The earthquake that occurred
5、 in India this year was a major calamity in which a great man was lost .A. casualty B. catastrophe C. catalogue D. crusade（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Now many manufacturers build their business reputations by enclosing _ in the new products in case of damage in shipment or by incorrect operation.A. categori
6、es B. accessories C. analogies D. observatories（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.The old man was remarkably _. He was a musician, engineer, writer and philosopher.A. unilateral B. universal C. audacious D. versatile（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12._seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed.A. By B. On C. At D. For
7、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The newly-elected president is determined to_the established policy of de veloping agriculture.A. go for B. go on C. go by D. go up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The old couple were not rich themselves, but they hated to turn away anyone who were _ food and shelter. A. at the mercy of B. on
8、 the point of C. with the exception of D. in need of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.When Ph. D candidates _ their impending professorships, they consider housing benefits offered by the prospective universities.A. anticipate B. assume C. apply D. demand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The Olympic Games were watched by _ bil
9、lions of people around the world.A. virtually B. literally C. deliberately D. appropriately（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.This state research program is made up of two funds, _ could last for two years.A. the larger one B. the larger of whichC. the largest one D. the largest of which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Partici
10、pants in the Shanghai Co-operation Forum _ regional teamwork to promote investment and economic development.A. cursed B. echoed C. bounced D. hailed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.The energy _ by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.A transferred B released C delivered D conveyed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.It is
11、 a _ not worthy of such heated argument.A trifle B trivial C pride D understanding（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.The governors _ remarks caused his political party much embarrassment.A. forceful B. impromptu C. rehearsed D. unrestrained（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.This style of writing, incidentally, is suggestive of w
12、hat is called the “newsreel technique“ of John Dos Passos.A. reminiscent B. collective C. forgettable D. advisable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.Two thirds of the U.S. basketball players are black, and the number would be greater _ the continuing practice of picking white bench warmers for the sake of balance.
13、A. was it not because of B. had it not been forC. were it not for D. would it not have been for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Next week youd better bring all your questions here. Were going to have a question-and-answerAsection Bservice Csession Dcourse（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.25.It is very strange but I had an _ that
14、 the plane would crash.A. inspiration B. intuition C. imagination D. incentive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Do you think it is late to _ on a new career?A. disembark B. embark C. remark D. assume（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Because I find that hot summer weather _ me and leaves me very tired, I try to leave the city e
15、very August and go to Maine.A. irritates B. bores C. enervates D. boils（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.28.Building this road will _ the construction of ten bridges, then the total cost reaches 1 million US Dollars.A. evolve B. involve C. revolve D. devolve（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.29.The Committee pronounced four members e
16、xpelled for failure to provide information in the _ of investigations.A. case B. chase C. cause D. course（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Her government, by its clear _ with many previous policies, has placed a double strain on the traditional relationship.A. shatter B. rupture C. breach D. collapse（分数：0.50）A.B.
17、C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Guthries contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break habits.One application of the threshold method involves the time young children spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so t
18、he length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activities are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often result. To apply Guthries theory, a teacher might, at the star
19、t of the year, limit activities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the next few weeks the teacher could gradually increase the time students spend working on a single activity.The threshold method also can be applied to teaching printing and handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movem
20、ents are awkward and they lack fine motor coordination. The distances between lines on a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paper with narrow lines is initially introduced, students letters would spill over the borders and students might become frustrated. Onc
21、e students can form letters within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them refine their skills.The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher can remove the students from th
22、e classroom, give them a large stack of paper, and tell him to start making paper airplanes. After the students have made Several airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for not building airplanes.Some students continually race around the gym when they first en
23、ter their physical education class. To employ the fatigue method, the teacher might decide to have these students continue to nm a few more laps after the class has begun.The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible wi
24、th talking. The media center teacher might ask the students to find interesting books and read them while in the center. Assuming that the students find the books enjoyable, the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books rather than for talking with other students.In
25、a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacher realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very boring. Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson, such as experiments, and debates, in an attempt to involve students and
26、 raise their interest in the course.（分数：6.00）(1).The purpose of this passage is to _.A. inform B. persuade C. debate D. narrate（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).Guthrie identified three methods for _.A. educating students B. altering bad habitsC. avoiding undesired action D. forming good hobbies（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.
27、(3).Which of the following is not the example of applying the threshold method?A. Parents introduce spinach in small bites or mixed with a food that the child enjoys over time so that the child will not refuse to eat it.B. Teachers introduce academic content in short blocks of time for young childre
28、n and gradually increase session length but not to where students become frustrated or bored.C. Paper with wider lines is first used and then paper with narrow lines is introduced step by step to help children learn printing and handwriting.D. A child might be made to throw toys until it is no longe
29、r fun by his parents in order to change his behavior of repeatedly throwing toys.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).To stop snacking while watching television, people should keep their hands busy by sewing, painting, working crossword puzzles, and so forth. Over time, watching TV becomes a cue for engaging in an
30、activity other than snacking. What method is used in this example?A. The threshold method. B. The fatigue method.C. The incompatible response method. D. The punishment method.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).We can draw the conclusion from the passage that _.A. The incompatible response method is to force child
31、 to make unwanted response repeatedly in presence of stimulus until he or she becomes exhaustedB. The threshold method refers to introducing undesired behavior with a response incompatible with the undesired response so they cannot be performed simultaneouslyC. The fatigue method means that engaging
32、 in the behavior is transformed into avoiding it by introducing the stimulus at full strength so it becomes a cue for not performing itD. The fatigue method is that in presence of stimulus teachers have child make response incompatible with unwanted response（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.
33、00)Analysts have had their go at humor, and I have read sortie of this interpretative literature, but without being greatly instructed. Humor can be dissected, as a frog can, but the thing dies in the process and the innards (内在部分) are discouraging to any but the pure scientific mind.In a newsreel t
34、heatre the other day I saw a picture of a man who had developed the soap bubble to a higher point than it had ever before reached. He had become the ace soap bubble blower of America, had perfected the business of blowing bubbles, refined it, doubled it, squared it, and had even worked himself up in
35、to a convenient lather. The effect was not pretty. Some of the bubbles were too big to be beautiful, and the blower was always jumping into them or out of them, or playing some sort of unattractive trick with them. It was, if anything, a rather repulsive sight. Humor is a little like that: it wont s
36、tand much blowing up, and it wont stand much poking. It has a certain fragility, an evasiveness, which one had best respect. Essentially, it is a complete mystery. A human frame convulsed with laughter, and the laughter becoming mysterious and uncontrollable, is as far out of balance as one shaken w
37、ith the hiccoughs or in the throes of a sneezing fit.One of the things commonly said about humorists is that they are really very sad peopleclowns with a breaking heart. There is some truth in it, but it is badly stated. It would be more accurate, I think, to say that there is a deep vein of melanch
38、oly running through everyones life and that the humorist, perhaps more sensible of it than some others, compensates for it actively and positively. Humorists fatten on trouble. They have always made trouble pay. They struggle along with a good will and endure pain cheerfully, knowing how well it wil
39、l serve them in the sweet by and by. You find them wrestling with foreign languages, fighting folding ironing boards and swollen drainpipes, suffering the terrible discomfort of tight boot (or as Josh Billings wittily called them, “tire boots“). They pour out their sorrows profitably, in a form that
40、 is not quite a fiction not quite a fact either. Beneath the sparking surface of these dilemmas flows the strong tide of human woe.Practically everyone is a manic depressive of sorts, with his up moments and his down moments, and you certainly dont have to be a humorist to taste the sadness of situa
41、tion and mood. But there is often a rather fine line between laughing and crying, and if a humorous piece of writing brings a person to the point where his emotional responses are untrustworthy and seem likely to break over into the opposite realm, it is because humor, like poetry, has an extra cont
42、ent. It plays close to the big hot fire, which is Truth, and sometimes the reader feels the heat.（分数：5.00）(1).In the first paragraph the author wants to say that _.A. just as scientists can dissect a frog, so analysts can dissect humorB. detailed, scientific analysis is not appropriate for humor, fo
43、r it may make humor lose its aesthetic valueC. some peoples analysis of humor are too scientificD. analysts attempts at humor are not instructive enough to interest the author（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The author uses the example of the soap bubble blower to show that _.A. skill is required to produce hum
44、orB. neither too much exaggeration nor absolute explicitness is fit for humorC. people should perfect the art of humor just as the bubble blower does to the bubblesD. humor should make people frantic for a while（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, humorists differ from ordinary people in th
45、e sense that _.A. they give vent to their sorrows in a laughable wayB. they have much trouble in their life and they are melancholyC. they are more sensible of the sadness of life and they endure and express the pain cheerfullyD. they are mostly downs with a breaking heart（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A humo
46、rous piece of writing can make the readers emotional responses untrustworthy because _.A. it expresses the truth of the sadness of human life with a sparkling surfaceB. everyone has his happy moments and unhappy momentsC. there is an obvious line between laughing and cryingD. it is like poetry, very
47、 rhythmic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The passages success lies in its extensive use of _.A. parallelism B. metaphors C. metonymy D. similes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The blue, mystic Lake Ellsinore lies in an inland California valley, which is teeming and steaming with hot springs. Rim
48、med by shaggy mountains whose forested crests are reflected in its clear waters, Lake Ellsinore is the very personification of peace-but on it rests the curse of Tondo.The lake had a colorful history. Much of it lies buried in legend, and it is difficult to separate fact from fiction. There have bee
49、n stories of underground volcanoes on the lake bottom, erupting, killing fish and discoloring the water. There have been stories of a playful sea serpent that lived in its depths.Long noted for its scenic beauty and health-giving waters, the lake was a famous resort in the Nineties. But long before the first white man had set foot along the shore of the lake, this part of Califo
