1、考博英语-464 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.In a sudden_of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.（分数：1.00）A.attackB.burstC.splitD.blast2.He is_about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.（分数：1.00）A.optimisticB.optionalC.outstandingD.obv
2、ious3.That sound doesnt_in his language, so its difficult for him to pronounce it.（分数：1.00）A.happenB.occurC.haveD.take place4.The director was critical_the way we were doing the work.（分数：1.00）A.atB.inC.ofD.with5.In the_of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to 30 million.
3、（分数：1.00）A.faceB.timeC.eventD.course6.My boss insists on seeing everything in_before he makes a decision.（分数：1.00）A.black and blueB.red and blueC.black and whiteD.green and yellow7.Its often a mistake to_appearance; that poor-looking individual is any thing but poor. In fact, he is a millionaire.（分数
4、：1.00）A.go overB.go byC.go againstD.go for8.Id_his reputation with other farmers and business people in the communi ty, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.（分数：1.00）A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make out9.The precious manuscripts were hopelessly_by long e
5、xposure in the cold, damp cellar.（分数：1.00）A.ruinedB.damagedC.destroyedD.harmed10.His attention often_at lectures. No wonder he failed the exam.（分数：1.00）A.branchedB.wonderedC.wanderedD.went out11.At the meeting, Smith argued_in favor of the proposal.（分数：1.00）A.severelyB.warmlyC.forcefullyD.heavily12.
6、The work is not very profitable_cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.（分数：1.00）A.in the light ofB.according toC.on the basis ofD.in terms of13.The board of the company has decided to_its operation to include all as pects of the clothing business.（分数：1.00）A.extendB.enlargeC.expandD.ampli
7、fy14.In Britain people_four million tons of potatoes every year.（分数：1.00）A.swallowB.disposeC.consumeD.exhaust15.In no country_Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.（分数：1.00）A.other thanB.more thanC.better thanD.rather than16.The accommodation was ch
8、eap, but the food was very_.（分数：1.00）A.highB.costlyC.dearD.overpaid17.The British constitution is_a large extent a product of the historical events described above.（分数：1.00）A.withinB.toC.byD.at18.A lorry_Janes cat and sped away.（分数：1.00）A.ran overB.ran intoC.ran throughD.ran down19.Those gifts of ra
9、re books that were given to us were deeply_.（分数：1.00）A.appreciatedB.approvedC.appealedD.applied20.He doesnt seem to be able to_any interest in his studies.（分数：1.00）A.make upB.work upC.turn upD.use up二、Section Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be
10、 (21) for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to (22) or refuse these permits, and there is little that can be (23) about it, it would be extremely unwise (24) a foreign visitor to work without a permit, since anyone doing so is (25) to im
11、mediate deportation. There are some (26) to this rule, most nota bly people from the Common Market countries, who are (27) to work without permits and who are often given (28) residence permits of up to five years. Some (29) people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others, can work
12、without (30) The problem with the Act is not just that some of its rules are (31) but (32) it is administered, and the people who administer it.An immigration official has the power to stop a visitor (33) these shores coming into the country. If this happens the visitor has the (34) to appeal to the
13、 Immigration Appeal Tribunal (35) the appeals are being considered, the visitor has no choice but to wait sometimes for quite a long time.（分数：15.00）A.appliedB.madeC.askedD.waitA.allowB.admitC.presentD.grantA.madeB.doneC.explainedD.talkedA.forB.toC.asD.inA.aptB.likelyC.liableD.inclinedA.exemptionsB.e
14、xceptionsC.extractionsD.expositionsA.prescribedB.qualifiedC.entitledD.certifiedA.temporaryB.immediatelyC.eternalD.nextA.moreB.fewerC.othersD.otherA.permitsB.askC.acceptsD.cloneA.unfairB.fairC.justD.justifyA.the wayB.thatC.the timeD.whatA.out ofB.toC.fromD.offA.honorB.forceC.rightD.authorityA.WhileB.
15、ButC.AlthoughD.And三、Section Reading Co(总题数：4，分数：20.00)1The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actu ally reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact,
16、 the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happi ness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious
17、commitment (承担的义务), self-improvement.Ask a bachelor (单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commit ment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adven
18、ture, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vaca tion. I dont know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising chil dren. But couples who decide not t
19、o have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activi ties that can genuinely inc
20、rease our happiness. It liberates money, buying that new ear or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy. we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.（分数：5.00）(1).Acco
21、rding to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because_.（分数：1.00）A.he is reluctant to take on family responsibilitiesB.he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC.he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD.he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and ex
22、citement(2).Raising children, in the authors opinion, is_.（分数：1.00）A.a moral dutyB.a thankless jobC.a rewarding taskD.a source of inevitable pain(3).From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from_.（分数：1.00）A.hatredB.misunderstandingC.prejudiceD.ignorance(4).To understand what true
23、happiness is, one must_.（分数：1.00）A.have as much run as possible during ones lifetimeB.make every effort to liberate oneself from painC.put up with pain under all circumstancesD.be able to distinguish happiness from fun(5).What is the author trying to tell us?（分数：1.00）A.Happiness often goes hand in h
24、and with pain.B.One must know how to attain happiness.C.It is important to make commitments.D.It is pain that leads to happiness.2Its very interesting to note where the debate about diversity (多样化) is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have
25、a lot of contact with top corporate (公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the
26、need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minor
27、ities, more women and more im- migrants. Corporate leaders know that if that doesnt occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.Likewise, I dont hear people in the academy saying “Lets go backward. Lets go back to the g
28、ood old days, when we had a meritocracy (不拘格选人才)“ (which was never true we never had a meritocracy, although weve come closer to it in the last 30 years). I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with a
29、n African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity. So where we hear this debate is primarily in
30、political circles and in the media-not in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.（分数：5.00）(1).The word “imperative“ ( Line 5, Par（分数：1.00）A.1) most probably refers to something_.A. superficialB. remarkableC. debatableD. essential(2).Which of the following groups of people still differ in their
31、 views on diversity?（分数：1.00）A.Minorities.B.Politicians.C.Professors.D.Managers.(3).High-ranking corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to_.（分数：1.00）A.lower the rate of unemploymentB.win equal political rights for minoritiesC.be competitive in the world marketD.satisfy th
32、e demands of a growing population(4).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：1.00）A.meritocracy can never be realized without diversityB.American political circles will not accept diversityC.it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U. S. mediaD.minorities can only enter the fields where
33、 no debate is heard about diversity(5).According to the passage, diversity can be achieved in American society by_.（分数：1.00）A.expanding the pool of potential employeesB.promoting policies that provide skills to employeesC.training more engineers, scientists, lawyers and business managersD.providing
34、education for all regardless of race or sex3Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate. “ Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers de prived
35、 (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.In the first test, each subject (实验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well.The next t
36、est was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters was transformed into a different one. Non-smok ers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were fas ter than deprived smokers.In the third test of
37、 short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but de prived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, an
38、d deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.“As our tests became more complex,“ sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed bet ter
39、than smokers by wider and wider margins. “ He predicts, “smokers might perform ad equately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly ade quately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity. /（分数：5.00）(1).The purpose of
40、George Spilichs experiment is_.（分数：1.00）A.to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokersB.to show how smoking damages peoples mental capacityC.to prove that smoking affects peoples regular performanceD.to find out whether smoking helps peoples short-term memory(2).Ge
41、orge Spilichs experiment was conducted in such a way as to_.（分数：1.00）A.compel the subjects to separate major information from minor detailsB.put the subjects through increasingly complex testsC.check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokersD.register the prompt responses of the subjects(3).The word
42、“bested“ (Line 3, Par（分数：1.00）A.5) most probably means_.A. beatB. enviedC. caught up withD. made the best of(4).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：1.00）A.Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.B.Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.C.Non-
43、smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.D.Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.(5).We can infer from the last paragraph that_.（分数：1.00）A.smokers should not expect to become airline pilotsB.smoking in emergency cases causes mental illnessC.no
44、 airline pilots smoke during flightsD.smokers may prove unequal to handling emergency cases4There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal combustion engine (内燃机) has something to do with burning fuel
45、, expanding gases and pistons (活塞) being driv en. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computers impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer lit
46、eracy is not a form of literacy (读写能力) ; it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct ac tivities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free them selves from their fear of
47、 computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a ca- reer. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and viol
48、in-making.Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly“. Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase “learning to use a compute
49、r“ mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car“, that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer.In fact, “learning to use a computer“ is much more like “learning to play a game“, but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such thing as teaching someone how to use a com
