1、考博英语-213 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.We have a firm belief that he will abide by his promise if he gives it to anyone.（分数：1.00）A.avengeB.stick toC.attribute toD.automate2.As a result of his pioneering work in the late 1930s, Earl Hines has been called the father of
2、modern jazz piano.（分数：1.00）A.professionalB.artisticC.excellentD.original3.The difference is so small as to be _.（分数：1.00）A.neglectfulB.neglectingC.negligentD.negligible4.The night was so _ that not a sound could be heard.（分数：1.00）A.quietB.beautifulC.darkD.dangerous5.With prices _ so much, it is impo
3、ssible for the company manager to stick to the original budget.（分数：1.00）A.wavingB.swingingC.fluctuatingD.vibrating6.Professor Jeffreys lecture on the recycling of waste paper and other garbage will show _ can still be improved.（分数：1.00）A.that the municipal authorities have doneB.how those the munici
4、pal authorities have doneC.how what the municipal authorities have doneD.that how the municipal authorities have done7.A Laser beam can be turned into a _ weapon.（分数：1.00）A.deadlyB.deadC.deadthlyD.deadening8.I got a new battery for my recorder only last week, but it seems to have _ already.（分数：1.00）
5、A.worn outB.run downC.knocked offD.gone off9.I need to see the foreign student adviser because my passport expires in a fortnight.（分数：1.00）A.will be overB.becomes invalidC.will be reversedD.becomes exhausted10.The two copper mining companies will be merged soon so as to become more competitive at th
6、e world market.（分数：1.00）A.combinedB.relayedC.reproachedD.bankrupted11.To test his theory, the chemist _ an experiment.（分数：1.00）A.set upB.set outC.set forthD.set in12.He used to play badminton with you, _ ?（分数：1.00）A.didnt heB.used heC.did heD.hadnt he13.When solid changes to liquid, it _ heat from a
7、ll substances near it and this reduces the temperature surrounding it.（分数：1.00）A.takes inB.takes onC.takes offD.takes down14.Edmund likes to drive at a speed _ the traffic limit. I wonder how he always manages to escape（分数：1.00）A.having exceeded, to be finedB.exceeded, having been finedC.to exceed,
8、to fineD.exceeding, being fined15.While watching television_.（分数：1.00）A.the telephone rangB.we heard the telephone ringC.we heard the telephone rangD.the telephone was rung16.The senator was made to digress time and again from the main point of his speech because of the red _ constantly _ by his opp
9、onents in the audience.（分数：1.00）A.tomatoes, thrown outB.herrings, brought upC.apples, put forwardD.mullets, laid down17.During the rainy season the Mississippi River may carry away hundreds of acres of valuable topsoil from one area and arbitrarily deposit it in another.（分数：1.00）A.subsequentlyB.lawf
10、ullyC.mercilesslyD.randomly18.His _ handwriting resulted from haste and carelessness rather than from the inability to form the letters correctly.（分数：1.00）A.carefulB.unreadableC.beautifulD.silent19.Teachers of young children should scrupulously avoid ridicule and sarcasm.（分数：1.00）A.theoreticallyB.na
11、ivelyC.diligentlyD.confidently20.Hemp, a harsh, stiff fiber, comes from a plant that grows in both hot and mild climates.（分数：1.00）A.stickyB.rigidC.denseD.woven21.The _ friend was exposed in the end to be hidden rival who had been plotting against the companys marketing in Hong Kong.（分数：1.00）A.profes
12、sedB.announcedC.exclaimedD.declared22.The plays of Eugene ONeill, characterized by their unsettling questions and tumultuous struggles with fate, transformed the American theater.（分数：1.00）A.thrillingB.troublingC.refreshingD.frightening23.The examination has been cancelled. You _ all that review, aft
13、er all.（分数：1.00）A.didnt need to doB.neednt doC.neednt have doneD.neednt to do24.It is very plain that such a life as this is far more _ to health than that of the man who can afford little leisure for necessary rest in the course of the day.（分数：1.00）A.conductiveB.constructiveC.conciliateD.conducive2
14、5.John Locke, the well-known 18th-century English thinker, emphasized experience as the _ condition for expansion of human knowledge.（分数：1.00）A.incompatibleB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.indispensable26.Laurels are valued for their aromatic oils and spices, edible fruits, and timber.（分数：1.00）A.blossomsB.
15、leavesC.woodD.sap27.All the references she has obtained for her doctoral dissertation _ about twenty items.（分数：1.00）A.make up forB.add up toC.come up withD.put up with28.The English vocabulary is known for a (an) _ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversations.（分数：1.00）A.mul
16、titudeB.altitudeC.latitudeD.platitude29.Diamonds are usually cut to bring out their natural luster and to remove any flaws.（分数：1.00）A.germsB.shortcomingsC.flakesD.defects30.Mr Chen complained about the _ air-conditioner he bought from the company.（分数：1.00）A.inefficientB.defectiveC.ineffectiveD.defic
17、ient31.When the letter from his wife arrived, he _ the contents carefully. Because she hadnt answered his question, he was angry and tossed the letter into the fire.（分数：1.00）A.destroyedB.wroteC.tore upD.read32.“Do you mind _ ?“ “Go ahead. I dont mind.“（分数：1.00）A.turning on the fanB.I turn on the fan
18、C.if I turn on the fanD.to turn on the fan33.India is _ to China.（分数：1.00）A.contagiousB.contiguousC.contingentD.contentious34.Although Alice had expected her parents to be worried by her long, unexplained absence, both her mother and father seemed quite _.（分数：1.00）A.unavailableB.undecidedC.unworried
19、D.unexpected35.Most insulation devices of this kind, _ manufactured for such purposes, are extremely expensive to install.（分数：1.00）A.that areB.which isC.those areD.as are36.As a writer Walkter was very _.（分数：1.00）A.imaginaryB.imaginingC.imaginativeD.imaginable37.Contradictory to popular belief, rece
20、nt surveys show that besides housewives, many college students are also _ to soap operas.（分数：1.00）A.appealedB.addictedC.adjustedD.attracted38.The university board of trustees deemed it urgent that a new provost _ to replace Mr. Dannison who had been diagnosed with cancer.（分数：1.00）A.be selectedB.shou
21、ld be selectedC.must be selectedD.was selected39.He likes to swim _.（分数：1.00）A.and playing footballB.and he also likes playing footballC.and to play footballD.and he likes to play football40.After so many nights of _, Mrs. Constable decided that she really must see a doctor. She could not continue t
22、o lie awake, night after night, worrying about her health.（分数：1.00）A.partiesB.frightening dreamsC.sleeplessnessD.loneliness二、BPart Reading (总题数：6，分数：30.00)BDirections:/B Read the following passages carefully and then select the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D by marking the c
23、orresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.BPassage One/BThere is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant“, although it does not offer anyone a job; and sometime
24、s it appears among “situations wanted“, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing application“, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae, or job history“, is how it is us
25、ually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form i
26、n its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams“, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really
27、just for openers, it was explained. Everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up
28、the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest, It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for,“ was a widely used trick that occasionally s
29、ucceeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view. There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.（分数
30、：5.00）(1).The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns _.（分数：1.00）A.informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB.promises useful advice to those looking for employmentC.divides available jobs into various typesD.informs employers that people are available for work(2).
31、Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because _.（分数：1.00）A.there is lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB.there are so many top-level jobs availableC.there are so many people out of workD.the job history is considered to be a work of art(3).In the past it was
32、expected that first-job hunters would _.（分数：1.00）A.write an initial letter giving their life historyB.pass some exams before applying for a jobC.have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD.keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview(4).Later, as one went on to
33、apply more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter _.（分数：1.00）A.something that would attract attention to ones applicationB.a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to joinC.something that would offend the person reading itD.a lie that one could easily get with telli
34、ng(5).The job history has become such an important document because _.（分数：1.00）A.there has been a decrease in the number of jobs advertisedB.there has been an increase in the number of “qualified“ job huntersC.jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD.the other processes of applying for jobs
35、 are more complicatedBPassage Two/BPity those who aspire to put the initials PhD after their names. After 16 years of closely supervised education, prospective doctors of philosophy are left more or less alone to write the equivalent of a large book. Most social-science postgraduates have still not
36、completed their theses by the time their grant runs out after three years. They must then get a job and finish in their spare time, which can often take a further three years. By then, most new doctors are sick to death of the narrowly defined subject, which has blighted their holidays and mined the
37、ir evenings.The Economic and Social Research Council, which gives grants to postgraduate social scientists, wants to get better value for money by cutting short this agony. It would like to see faster completion rates: until recently, only about 25 % of PhD candidates were finishing within four year
38、s. The ESRCs response has been to stop PhD grants to all institutions where the proportion taking less than four years is below 10%; in the first year of this policy the national average shot up to 39%. The ESRC feels vindicated in its toughness, and will progressively raise the threshold to 40% in
39、two years. Unless completion rates improve further, this would exclude 55 out of 73 universities and polytechnics-including Oxford University, the London School of Economics and the London Business School.Predictably, howls of protest have come from the universities, who view the blacklisting of who
40、le institutions as arbitrary and negative. They point out that many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finish their theses. Polytechnics with as few as two PhD candidates complain that they are penalized by random flu
41、ctuations in student performance. The colleges say there is no hard evidence to prove that faster completion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less ambitious doctoral topics.The ESRC thinks it might not be a bad thing if PhD students were more modest in their aims.
42、It would prefer to see more systematic teaching of research skills and fewer unrealistic expectations placed on young men and women who are undertaking their first piece of serious research. So in future its grants will be given only where it is convinced that students are being trained as researche
43、rs, rather than carrying out purely knowledge-based studies.The ESRC can not dictate the standard of thesis required by external examiners, or force departments to give graduates more teaching time. The most it can do is to try to persuade universities to change their ways. Recalcitrant professors s
44、hould note that students want more research training and a less elaborate style of thesis, too.（分数：5.00）(1).By the time new doctors get a job and try to finish their theses in spare time _.（分数：1.00）A.most of them died of some sicknessB.their holidays and evenings have been ruined by their jobsC.most
45、 of them are completely tired of the narrowly defined subjectD.most of their grants run out(2).Oxford University would be excluded out of those universities that receive PhD grants from ESRC, because the completion rate of its PhD students theses within four years is lower than _.（分数：1.00）A.25%B.40%
46、C.39%D.10%(3).All the following statements are the argument against ESRCs policy except _.（分数：1.00）A.all the institutions on the blacklist are arbitrary and negativeB.there is no hard evidence to prove that faster completion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less am
47、bitious doctoral topics.C.many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finish their theses.D.some polytechnics are penalized by random fluctuations in student performance.(4).The ESRC would prefer _.（分数：1.00）A.that the stu
48、dents were carrying out purely knowledge-based studies rather than being trained as researchersB.to see higher standards of PhD students theses and more ambitious doctoral topicsC.more systematic teaching of research skills to fewer unrealistic expectations placed on inexperienced young PhD students
49、D.that PhD students were less modest in their aims(5).What the ESRC can do is to _.（分数：1.00）A.force departments to give graduates more teaching timeB.try to persuade universities to change their waysC.dictate the standard of thesis required by external examinersD.note that students want more research training and less elaborate style of the
