1、考博英语-172 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Britains leading swimmers are facing a test of their _ as well as their skills at the Olympic trials in Sheffield.（分数：1.00）A.staminaB.agilityC.fortitudeD.valor2.The President declined to deliver the speech himself, _ a sore throa
2、t.（分数：1.00）A.in the wake ofB.by virtue ofC.with regard toD.on account of3.Responsibility rests with government, which should _ serious and transparent debate Between those of different opinion, and provide the public with the honest evidence they need and deserve.（分数：1.00）A.cherishB.startleC.cultiva
3、teD.vitalize4.Mary Robinson has been formally _ as Irelands first woman president.（分数：1.00）A.sworn inB.told offC.spelt outD.picked up5.We found that television and radio _ far fewer complaints than did the printed media.（分数：1.00）A.keep pace withB.take note ofC.give rise toD.make sense of6.We work ha
4、rd to keep all coffees_, but many of the varieties are difficult to obtain.（分数：1.00）A.in storeB.in stockC.in stackD.in reserve7.Not content to _ along in ignorance and on her own, Patty began reading everything she could get and immediately set out to develop a network of gardening colleagues.（分数：1.
5、00）A.fumbleB.mumbleC.rumbleD.tumble8.Heather scrupulously avoided any topic likely to _ suspicion as to his motives.（分数：1.00）A.arouseB.promptC.dispelD.relate9.More probably he had tapped a fresh source of energy in himselfthe power of lovewhich made him feel_.（分数：1.00）A.invaluableB.invincibleC.invar
6、iableD.invisible10.Its a simple bed with a basic metal frame but at the head on the right there is a leather _for restraining the victims.（分数：1.00）A.stripB.strapC.stripeD.slit11.A woman enters a hospital ward determined to torture the comatose wife of her ex-lover and _him for herself.（分数：1.00）A.acc
7、laimB.exclaimC.proclaimD.reclaim12.He had _ an emergency operation for a stomach condition, which makes doctors solemnly assured that he was potentially fatal.（分数：1.00）A.underlainB.underlinedC.undergoneD.undertaken13.The communities that I come from are very nervous about the outcome of what were do
8、ing because it seems _ even if the outcome is good.（分数：1.00）A.precariousB.precautiousC.preciousD.premature14.Let us _ confidently into the new Millennium and embrace the challenges and opportunities it will offer us and generations to come.（分数：1.00）A.strollB.sweepC.strideD.scurry15.“Its almost eight
9、 oclock.“ As if_ the bell in the church began to toll for Matins.（分数：1.00）A.on trialB.on viewC.on cueD.on sale16.Anthropologists are translators: they translate culture in an attempt to make exotic experience _to others who have not suffered or enjoyed it.（分数：1.00）A.intelligibleB.intelligentC.intell
10、ectualD.intellective17.If some of the players are not available to attend the NEC, we will make arrangements for the winning readerswho will be selected_to meet the stars at a later date and present their award in person.（分数：1.00）A.at largeB.at intervalsC.at randomD.at length18.Congress shah make no
11、 law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise_; or abridging the freedom of speech, and the right of the people peaceably to assemble.（分数：1.00）A.thereforeB.thereinC.therebyD.thereof19.Look, if you were interested in science, it would be like having a chance to rub sh
12、oulders with people of Einsteins _.（分数：1.00）A.statusB.statueC.statuteD.stature20.Dublin will no longer _its constitutional claim to Northern Ireland, as it had promised to do on Sunday.（分数：1.00）A.evokeB.invokeC.provokeD.revoke二、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Lobbying groups often try to disguise a fina
13、ncial self-interest by clumsily dressing up their arguments in the guise of concern for the public. You see this tendency in the pharmaceutical industryU (21) /Uin energy and lumber companies who like to tout theirU (22) /Uof the environment. ButU (23) /U, two new books argue, are these tactics more
14、U (24) /Ua cause for concern than in agribusiness.Marion Nestles “Food Safety: Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bio-terrorism looks at the way the American meat and biotechnology industries haveU (25) /Usuccessfully on Capitol HillU (26) /Ustricter federal regulation, which the author argues has undermi
15、ned the safety of the food supply.(27) , Maxime Schwartzs “How the Cows Turned Mad“U (28) /Uthe origins of mad-cow disease over more than two centuries, and reveals the fallout from the British governments blindU (29) /Uthat the disease could not beU (30) /Uto humans.In 1999, Ms Nestle writes in her
16、 earlier book, Rosemary Mueklow, the executive director of the National Meat Association, lobbied against President ClintonsU (31) /Uto establish a more thorough testing regime for E. coli 0157: H7, a potentiallyU (32) /Upathogen.Ms Muck lows organizationwhich represents meatpackers and processors w
17、hoU (33) /Uto discard or reprocess meat found to be infected under the new testing regimeargued on Capitol Hill thatU (34) /Umicrobial testing in meat could actually lead to a greater public health riskU (35) /Uconfident consumers might relax their own safe-handling procedures at home.（分数：15.00）A.as
18、B.other thanC.thanD.andA.relationshipB.membershipC.stewardshipD.friendshipA.anywhereB.nowhereC.somewhereD.elsewhereA.forB.ofC.asD.withA.launchedB.imposedC.campaignedD.ledA.againstB.withC.toD.overA.HoweverB.MeanwhileC.AccordinglyD.Worse stillA.findsB.exploresC.tracesD.goesA.guaranteeB.confirmationC.a
19、ssurancesD.insurancesA.transformedB.transmittedC.transportedD.infectedA.attemptB.stabC.associationD.bidA.deadB.deadlyC.liveD.livelyA.would have hadB.would haveC.may haveD.will haveA.decreasedB.eliminatedC.lessD.increasedA.thoughB.providedC.sinceD.even if三、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：30.00)BPassage 1/BOn
20、ce upon a time there lived a beautiful young woman and a handsome young man. They were very poor, but as they were deeply in love, they wanted to get married. The young peoples parents shook their heads. “You cant get married yet,“ they said. “Wait till you get a good job with good prospects.“ So th
21、e young people waited until they found good jobs with good prospects and they were able to get married. They were still poor, of course, but large organizations lent him the money he needed to buy a house, some furniture, all the latest electrical appliances and a car. The couple lived happily ever
22、after, paying off debts for the rest of their lives. And so ends another modern romantic fable.We live in a materialistic society and when we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surprise us to discover that success is measured in terms of the money you earn. We spend the whole of our lives
23、 keeping up with the Joneses. If we buy a new car, we can be sure that Jones will go on better and get two new cars: one for his wife and one for himself. The most amusing thing about this game is that the Joneses and all the neighbors who are struggling frantically to keep up with them are spending
24、 borrowed money kindly provided, at a suitable rate of interest, of course, by friendly banks, insurance companies, etc.It is not only in affluent societies that people are obsessed with the idea of making more money. Consumer goods are desirable everywhere and modern industry deliberately sets out
25、to create new markets. Gone are the days when industrial goods were made to last forever. The wheel of industry must be kept turning. “Built-in obsolescence“ provides the means: goods are made to be discarded. Cars get tinnier and tinnier. You no sooner acquire this years model than you are thinking
26、 about its replacement.（分数：5.00）(1).From the first paragraph, we can infer that _.（分数：1.00）A.good job with good prospects can have a good marriageB.those who are poor cant get marriedC.parents should be responsible for planning their childrens futureD.even marriage is closely related with money(2).T
27、he expression “keep up with the Joneses“ might mean_.（分数：1.00）A.maintain a high standard of achievementB.compete socially with your neighbors or associatesC.prevent something from movingD.continue to be in contact with someone(3).According to the author, what is the common practice in a materialisti
28、c society?（分数：1.00）A.One can satisfy his emergency needs by buying things on credit.B.A car owner can replace his old car with a new one for little amount of money.C.A poor man can borrow money from the rich at a lower rate of interest.D.The richer you are, the more you are obsessed with the idea of
29、 making money.(4).Which of the following is true according to the author?（分数：1.00）A.Interest in earning money is not only a modern phenomenon.B.Money is one thing and love is another.C.Money seems extremely important today.D.Love without money is a field without water.(5).What is the best title for
30、the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Keep Up with the JonesesB.The Only Thing People Are Interested Today Is Earning More MoneyC.Love Me, Love My DogD.Money Makes the Mare GoBPassage 2/BBattles are like marriages. They have certain fundamental experience they share in common; they differ infinitely, but still the
31、y are all alike. A battle seems to me a conflict of wills to the death in the same way that a marriage of love is the identification of two human beings to the end of the creation of lifeas death is the reverse of life, and love of hate. Battles are commitments to cause death as marriages are commit
32、ments to create life. Whether, for any individual, either union results in death or in the creation of new life, each risks itand in the risk commits himself.As the servants of death, battles will always remain horrible. Those who are fascinated by them are being fascinated by death. There is no bat
33、tle aim worthy of the name except that of ending all battles. Any other conception is, literally, suicidal. The fascist worship of battle is a suicidal drive; it is love of death instead of life.In the same idiom, to triumph in battle over the forces which are fighting for death is-again literally-t
34、o triumph over death. It is a surgeons triumph as he cuts a body and bloodies his hands in removing a cancer in order to triumph over the death that is in the body.In these thoughts I have found my own peace, and I return to an army that fights death and cynicism in the name of life and hope. It is
35、a good army. Believe in it.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, battles are similar to marriages in that they are_.（分数：1.00）A.conflictsB.commitmentsC.involved with the life struggleD.ends(2).Although the author says that battles are horrible, he also says that_.（分数：1.00）A.most people find fascinati
36、on in themB.there is no battle aim worthy of the nameC.one should love life and not deathD.fighting to end battles is justifiable(3).The author states that one who fights a battle toward any end other than peace is _.（分数：1.00）A.tainted by fascismB.misguided and unworthyC.victimized by unconscious dr
37、ives to killD.bent on his own destruction(4).The article says that the individual, in battle and in marriage, must _.（分数：1.00）A.make a unionB.compromise his beliefsC.take the risks he has committed himself toD.recognize that death is the reverse of life(5).The author says that cancer is _.（分数：1.00）A
38、.a kind of death within the bodyB.often fatalC.death itselfD.like a battleBPassage 3/BWholly aside from aesthetic and moral considerations, fashion is an economic absurdity, andthere is little to be said in its favor. Nevertheless, we Carl appreciate the wisdom in Gina Sombreros belief that the enor
39、mous stress which women lay on everything pertaining to clothes and the art of personal adornment is connected with the tendency to crystallize sentiment into an object. Woman symbolizes every important event in her life by a special dress; and a jewel or a beautiful gown means to a woman what an of
40、ficial decoration means to a man.“If a womans clothes cost the funnily and society a little time, money, and activity, they allow woman, independent of lies and calumnies, to triumph and come to the fore outside of mans world and competition. They allow woman to satisfy her desire to be the first in
41、 the most varied fields by giving her the illusion that she is first, and at the same time enabling her rival to have the same illusion. Clothes absorb some of womans activity which might otherwise be diverted to more or less worth-while ends; they give woman real satisfaction, a satisfaction comple
42、te in itself, and independent of others, and they constitute safety valve which saves society from much greater and more dangerous evils than those which they cause.“The aptness of these observations lies in the emphasis on clothes which are really beautiful and distinctive. But fashion is not prima
43、rily concerned with beauty; and fashion connotes conformity, not the individuality so cherished by our society and so artfully suggested by the copywriters. Many people who rigorously follow fashions believe they are following their own inclinations; they are unaware of the primitive, tribal compuls
44、ion; and this is true of fashions in manners, morals and literature, as well as in clothes.（分数：7.00）(1).According to this article, fashion is hardly valued in terms of_.（分数：1.00）A.economyB.moralsC.politicsD.aesthetics(2).A womans clothes allow her to_.（分数：1.00）A.be the best, actually, in many fields
45、B.rejoice outside of mans worldC.compete on an equal basis in a mans worldD.deceive both men and women(3).According to the article, womans absorption in clothes_.（分数：1.00）A.constitutes a great danger to societyB.indirectly discourages participation in more worth-while projectsC.saves society from mo
46、re dangerous evils than those it causesD.is the only satisfaction a woman gets out of life(4).The author of this article believes that fashion_.（分数：1.00）A.is an unimportant force in a womans lifeB.promotes conformityC.promotes individualityD.is primarily concerued with beauty(5).In the authors opini
47、on, women who follow fashions rigorously _.（分数：1.00）A.are highly individualisticB.follow their own inclinationsC.obey a primitive, tribal impulseD.must be wealthy(6).According to this article, conformity in manners, morals, and literature_.（分数：1.00）A.is impossible because all artists are individuali
48、stsB.differs distinctly from conformity in fashionsC.stems from the same kind of impulses as does conformity in fashionsD.occurs because people are primitive(7).What is implied but not stated in the passage is that _.（分数：1.00）A.people who follow fashions are not really following their own inclinations.B.fashion emphasizes clothes that are beautiful and distinctive.C.copywriters suggest that fashion connotes conformity.D.fashion is not primarily concerned with beauty.BPassage 4/BChildrens fears come and go, but most childre
