1、考博英语-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.To cry over spilled milk is to cry _.（分数：1.00）A.in a vainB.in the vainC.in vainD.in no vain2.Though Americans do not currently _ abortions directly, costs are carried by other Americans through higher insurance premiums.（分数：1.00）A
2、.implementB.terminateC.prohibitD.subsidize3.A hefty 50% of those from ages 18 to 34 told the pollsters in the TIME/CNN survey that they “feminist“ values.（分数：1.00）A.shareB.regardC.attachD.dominate4.I was not alone in my knowledge; the woman had also seen my fathers eyes gleaming with _ pride.（分数：1.0
3、0）A.contractedB.contestedC.contentedD.contrasted5.There are probably very few cases in which different races have lived in complete in a single country for long periods.（分数：1.00）A.successB.revengeC.harmonyD.conscience6.We seek a society that has _ a respect for the dignity and worth of the individua
4、l.（分数：1.00）A.at its endB.at its handC.at its coreD.at its best7.A 50-ft.wave travels at speeds _ 20 m.p.h., and anyone whos too slow at the approach risks being smashed.（分数：1.00）A.in excess ofB.in the reach ofC.in exchange forD.in relation to8.The first two assumptions made about the _ of TV were de
5、ad wrong: that it would bury radio and it would be a threat to movies.（分数：1.00）A.recessionB.adventC.diversityD.bias9.In the last century and a half, scientific development has been breathtaking, but the understanding of this progress has not _ changed.（分数：1.00）A.incidentallyB.dramaticallyC.rigorousl
6、yD.temporarily10.It is always useful to have savings to _.（分数：1.00）A.come but inB.bye up toC.make a fuss ofD.fall back on11._ the writers craft through a consideration of rhetorical patterns is a useful way to study writing.（分数：1.00）A.ExploringB.ExploitingC.EmployingD.Embodying12.The novel, which is
7、 a work of art, exists not by its _ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.（分数：1.00）A.significance inB.imagination atC.resemblance toD.predominance over13.Although they are very succinct that is why they caught on cliches are wasted words because they are _ expressions rather than fresh
8、ones.（分数：1.00）A.staleB.stainlessC.stableD.spotted14.Much _ I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her for thoroughness, whatever the job.（分数：1.00）A.whenB.moreC.fartherD.as15.Negro slavery, many claimed, was good for all _.（分数：1.00）A.concernedB.is concernedC.to concernD.that concerns16.To
9、 support the general statement in the first sentence, each _ sentence in the paragraph provides a different example.（分数：1.00）A.relevantB.subsequentC.coherentD.antecedent17.Modern man is careless when disposing _ his garbage.（分数：1.00）A.ofB.toC.atD.about18.“Do you want to see my drivers license or my
10、passport?“ “Oh, _.（分数：1.00）A.either does wellB.either one will doC.each one is goodD.each will be fine19.In addition to being physically sick, my dad was in the midst of a nervous _, though none of us knew to call it that at the time.（分数：1.00）A.breakupB.breakdownC.breakthroughD.breakout20.An educati
11、on should enable a student to get a better job than he would _ be able to find or fill.（分数：1.00）A.consequentlyB.neverthelessC.otherwiseD.anyhow二、BSection B/B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)21.Watching films of what hatred (turned) those people (into) made me choose to reject it, to deal with people (individual) an
12、d not to spot (all whites) with the Same obscene images.（分数：1.00）A.turnedB.intoC.individualD.all whites22.In fact, there is perhaps only one human being (in) a thousand who (are) passionately interested in (his) job for the jobs (sake).（分数：1.00）A.inB.areC.hisD.sake23.There was (hardly somebody) in t
13、he room who paid (any) attention to him (even though) everyone knew (who he was).（分数：1.00）A.hardly somebodyB.anyC.even thoughD.who he was24.(Track lighting) is one of the most popular types, (if not) the most popular type, (of) lighting (on market) today.（分数：1.00）A.Track lightingB.if notC.ofD.on mar
14、ket25.That intelligence (tests) actually (give) a measurement of the intelligence of individuals (are) questioned by some (eminent) psychologists.（分数：1.00）A.testsB.giveC.areD.eminent26.(Applicants) will be considered (provided that) their files (are complete) (due to) the deadline.（分数：1.00）A.Applica
15、ntsB.provided thatC.are completeD.due to27.(Flourish) in the thirteenth century, (traveling musicians), (called) minstrels, played an important part in the cultural life of (the time).（分数：1.00）A.FlourishB.traveling musiciansC.calledD.the time28.After a grueling (review session), some (confusing) stu
16、dents asked the (teaching assistant) for (still more) help.（分数：1.00）A.review sessionB.confusingC.teaching assistantD.still more29.Elizabeth B. Browning, who (has remembered) for her (love) poems, (published) her (first work) at the age of twelve.（分数：1.00）A.has rememberedB.loveC.publishedD.first work
17、30.(Only if) (ten more) students register this afternoon (will another) pronunciation section (be opening).（分数：1.00）A.Only ifB.ten moreC.will anotherD.be opening三、BPart Reading (总题数：3，分数：30.00)BPassage One/BThere have been three periods in the history of post-war broadcast interviewing. The first, “
18、the age of respect“, when it was an honour to have you, the interviewee, on the programme, lasted until the middle 50s. The second, “the age of supremacy“, when politicians in particular looked upon the interviewers as rivals who made them feel uncomfortable by their knowledge and rigour of question
19、ing, came to an end at the beginning of this decade. Now we are in “the age of evasion“, when most prominent interviewees have acquired the art of seeming to answer a question whilst bypassing its essential thrust.Why should this be? From the complexity of causes responsible for the present commonpl
20、ace interview form, a few are worth singling out, such as the revolt against rationality and the worship of feeling in its place. To the young of the 60s, the painstaking search for understanding of a given political problem may have appeared less fruitful and satisfying than the free expression of
21、emotion which the same problem generated. Sooner or later, broadcasting was bound to reflect this.This bias against understanding has continued. To this we must add the professional causes that have played their part. The convention of the broadcast interview had undergone little change or radical d
22、evelopment since its rise in the 50s. When a broadcasting form ceases to develop, its practitioners tend to take it for granted and are likely to say “how“ rather than ask “why“.Furthermore, these partly psychological, partly professional tendencies were greatly accelerated by the huge expansion of
23、news and current affairs output over the last 15 years. When you had many, additional hours of current affairs broadcasting, interviewing turned out to be a far cheaper convention than straight reporting, which is costly in terms of permanent reporters and time preparation. The temptation to combine
24、 an expanded news and current affairs service with a relatively small additional financial expense by making the interview happen everywhere proved overwhelming.To be fair, there are compensating virtues in interviewing, such as immediacy and authority, yet in all honesty I must say that the spread
25、of the interviewing arrangement has led to a corresponding diminution of quality broadcasting.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, in the past politicians thought that television interviewers _.（分数：2.00）A.knew more about politics than they didB.should be honoured to meet themC.really were eager to
26、 be politicians tooD.gave them a difficult time in interviews(2).In the 60s young people _.（分数：2.00）A.talked about problem instead of solving themB.found political problems too difficult to understandC.preferred the expression of feeling to logical argumentD.were dissatisfied with the standard of in
27、terviewing(3).From a professional standpoint, one reason for the decline in the quality of the interview is that _.（分数：2.00）A.people are not so interested in politicsB.interviewing techniques have remained much the sameC.people are not so radical as in the 60sD.broadcasters consider the interview ar
28、rangement outmoded(4).Compared with other forms of current affairs programs interviews are _.（分数：2.00）A.shorter and more efficient.B.more carefully preparedC.fairer in their approachD.more sincere and direct(5).The author believes that because of the increasing use of interviews _.（分数：2.00）A.there a
29、re too many current affairs programsB.standards in broadcasting have declinedC.the cost of broadcasting has increasedD.broadcasters have become less popularBPassage Two/BVisitors to St. Pauls Cathedral are sometimes astonished as they walk round the space under the arch to come upon a statue which w
30、ould appear to be that of a retired armed man meditating upon a wasted life. They are still more astonished when they see under it an inscription indicating that it represents the English writer, Samuel Johnson. The statue is by Bacon, but it is not one of his best works. The figure is, as often in
31、eighteenth-century sculpture, clothed only in a loose robe which leaves arms, legs and one shoulder bare. But the strangeness for us is not one of costume only. If we know anything of Johnson, we know that he was constantly ill all through his life; and whether we know anything of him or not we are
32、apt to think of a literary man as a delicate, weakly, nervous sort of person. Nothing can be further from that than the muscular statue. And in this matter the statue is perfectly right. And the fact which it reports is far from being unimportant. The body and the mind are closely interwoven in all
33、of us, and certainly in Johnsons case the influence of the body was extremely obvious. His melancholy, his constantly repeated conviction of the general unhappiness of human life, was certainly the result of his constitutional infirmities. On the other hand, his courage, and his entire indifference
34、to pain, were partly due to his great bodily strength. Perhaps the vein of rudeness, almost of fierceness, which sometimes showed itself in his conversation, was the natural temper of an invalid and suffering giant. That at any rate is what he was. He was the victim from childhood of a disease which
35、 resembled St Vituss Dance. He never knew the natural joy of a free and vigorous use of his limbs; when he walked it was like the struggling walk of one in irons. All accounts agree that his strange gestures and contortions were painful for his friends to witness and attracted crowds of starers in t
36、he streets. But Reynolds says that he could sit still for his portrait to be taken, and that when his mind was engaged by a conversation the convulsions ceased. In any case, it is certain that neither this perpetual misery, nor his constant fear of losing his reason, nor his many grave attacks of il
37、lness, ever induced him to surrender the privileges that belonged to his physical strength. He justly thought no character so disagreeable as that of a chronic invalid, and was determined not m be one himself. He had known what it was to live on four pence a day and scorned the life of sofa cushions
38、 and tea into which well-attended old gentlemen so easily slip.（分数：10.00）(1).Visitors to St Pauls Cathedral are surprised when they look at Johnsons statue because _.（分数：2.00）A.they dont expect it to be thereB.its dressed in Roman costumeC.its situated in the domeD.its dressed in eighteenth-century
39、costume(2).What is the writers general opinion about literary men? _.（分数：2.00）A.They have well-developed musclesB.They suffer from nervous breakdownsC.They have weak intellectsD.They suffer from poor health(3).“The body and the mind are inextricably interwoven“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.they have little ef
40、fect on each otherB.they are confused by all of usC.they interact with each otherD.they are mixed up in all of us(4).The author says Johnson found it very difficult to walk because _.（分数：2.00）A.he couldnt control his legsB.he generally wore irons round his legsC.people always stared at himD.it hurt
41、his friends to watch him(5).According to the passage, Johnson had _.（分数：2.00）A.never had enough money to live onB.managed to live on tea onlyC.lived singly in the pastD.always lived in easy circumstancesBPassage Three/BThousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he
42、 used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and, more recently, rubber and plastic. And that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms, for many years. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was a
43、lso, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.The tool is the laser and it is, being used by more and more surgeons all over the world, for a very large number of different complaints. The word laser means: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. As we all know, ligh
44、t is hot; any source of light-from the sun itself down to a humble match burning-will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb b
45、ecomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.Experiments with these pinpoint beams have shown researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells. It is possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human e
46、ye without harming the front of the eye, simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball. No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage-a true surgical Uwonder/U.Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfor
47、table. So much more difficult operations can now be tried.The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but more effective. Al
48、together, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically.（分数：10.00）(1).We find that after the development of the laser in the 1960s, _.（分数：2.00）A.medical help became available to industrial workersB.the study of surgical techniques went thro
49、ugh a complete revolutionC.more and more surgeons began using surgical instrumentsD.mans whole approach to surgery changed completely(2).The laser beam is so strong because _.（分数：2.00）A.it is a highly intensified beam of lightB.its strength is increased by the heat of the sunC.it can be connected to strong light sourcesD.it is a concentration of light from different sourc
