1、考博英语-11 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Only recently _ possible to separate the components of fragrant substances and to determine their chemical composition.（分数：1.00）A.it becomesB.having becomeC.has it becomeD.which becomes2.When Columbus reached the New World, corn w
2、as the _ in America.（分数：1.00）A.widely most grown plantB.most widely grown plantC.most grown widely plantD.plant widely grown most3.Jacobson is often referred to _ at the factory.（分数：1.00）A.as the best engineerB.be the best engineerC.by the president to be best engineerD.as being the best engineer4.I
3、 hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _ when judging my examination.（分数：1.00）A.accountB.regardC.countingD.observation5.The appeal for funds did not _ much of a response.（分数：1.00）A.dragB.elicitC.temptD.attract6._ touching in Henrys stories is the gallantry with which ordinary people strag
4、gle to maintain their dignity.（分数：1.00）A.Most isB.It mostly isC.Is it mostD.What is most7.She _ the list of names to see if hers was on it.（分数：1.00）A.glancedB.gazedC.peeredD.scanned8.It was _ for him to wear a T-shirt at the reception.（分数：1.00）A.out of placeB.out of questionC.out of orderD.out of pr
5、actice9.the symphony, no one in the audience spoke.（分数：1.00）A.ByB.ForC.DuringD.From10.The board of the company has decided to _ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.（分数：1.00）A.enlargeB.extendC.amplifyD.expand11.The man went to prison, but the two boys _ with a warning.（分数：1.
6、00）A.took offB.got offC.kept offD.set off12.A new baby and a new job can be equally _.（分数：1.00）A.tremendousB.intensiveC.demandingD.overwhelming13.I dont see any _ in going on a picnic in such bad weather.（分数：1.00）A.dotB.pointC.lotD.spot14.The central plan, _ by the government, shows the amount of ea
7、ch goods produced by the various firms and shared among different households for consumption.（分数：1.00）A.drawn onB.drawn downC.drawn upD.drawn back15.The instruction ask that we _ a red pen.（分数：1.00）A.do not useB.not useC.use notD.did not use16.The problem has been _ my mind all day.（分数：1.00）A.preyin
8、g onB.getting atC.taking onD.seeing to17.The man was detained by the police at the airport because his passport was found to be _.（分数：1.00）A.an artificial oneB.an unnatural oneC.an untrue oneD.a false one18.The discovery of the halftone process in photography in 1881 made it _ photographs in books a
9、nd newspapers.（分数：1.00）A.the possible reproductionB.the possibility of reproducingC.possible to reproduceD.possibly reproduced19.I took _ of the opportunity to tell him what I thought.（分数：1.00）A.gainB.advantageC.benefitD.profit20.During the night a persons temperature may drop one or two degrees, an
10、d it can be difficult to _ him in the morning if his body hasnt become hot yet.（分数：1.00）A.ariseB.arouseC.raiseD.rise二、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)BDirections:/B There are twenty blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the right word or phrase from the choices given bel
11、ow for each of the blanks. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Critics of early schooling cite research that questions whether 4-year-old children are ready to take on formal learning. Educators find that U(21) /U toddlers are more likely to succeed during. their school careers. U(22) /U their you
12、nger counterparts are more likely to U(23) /U. Kindergarten children who turn five during the U(24) /U half of the year seem to be at a disadvantage when it U(25) /U physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development. Additionally, children who are nearly six when they enter kindergarten U(26
13、) /U to receive better grades and score higher on achievement U(27) /U throughout their schooling experience U(28) /U do those who begin kindergarten having just turned five. Being bright and verbally skillful and being ready for school do not seem to be the U(29) /U thing. It is easy to confuse the
14、 superficial poise and sophistication of many of todays children U(30) /U inner maturity. Indeed, evidence suggests that early schooling boomerangs: Youngsters U(31) /U parents push them to attain academic success in preschool are less creative, have U(32) /U anxiety about tests, and, by the end of
15、kindergarten, fall to maintain their initial academic advantage U(33) /U their less-pressured peers.Many psychologists and educators remain skeptical of approaches that place 4-year-olds in a formal educational setting. They question U(34) /U environmental enrichment can significantly alter the buil
16、t-in developmental timetable of a child reared in a non-disadvantaged home. They do not deny, however, the U(35) /U of day-care centers and nursery schools that provide a homelike environment and allow children U(36) /U freedom to play, develop at their own U(37) /U , and evolve their social skills.
17、 But they point out that many of the things children once did in first grade are now U(38) /U of them in kindergarten, and they worry lest more and more will now be asked of 4- year-olds. These psychologists and educators believe we are driving young children too U(39) /U and thereby depriving them
18、of their U(40) /U.（分数：20.00）A.olderB.tallerC.StrongerD.smarterA.sinceB.now thatC.therebyD.whereasA.fallB.fallC.fleeD.fearA.lateB.laterC.latestD.latterA.lies inB.deals withC.comes toD.calls forA.helpB.wantC.endD.preferA.testsB.trialsC.performanceD.competitionA.thatB.whichC.thenD.thanA.easyB.hardC.sam
19、eD.similarA.forB.againstC.withD.towardsA.andB.withC.thoseD.whoseA.muchB.moreC.manyD.mostA.toB.againstC.overD.thanA.howB.thatC.whyD.whetherA.valueB.powerC.considerationD.responsibility.A.possibleB.reasonableC.imaginableD.considerableA.wayB.caseC.paceD.meansA.thoughtB.remindedC.expectedD.regardedA.wel
20、lB.hardC.badlyD.directlyA.memoryB.childhoodC.ambitionsD.simplicity三、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：20.00)BDirections: /BRead the following passages, decide on the best one of the choices marked A, B,C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acros
21、s the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET I.BPassage One/BThe next time the men were taken up onto the deck, Kunta made a point of looking at the man behind him in line, the one who lay beside him to the left when they were below. He was a Serere tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, front and b
22、ack, was creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kunta felt badly for having wished sometimes that he might strike the man in the darkness for moaning so steadily in his pain. Staring back at Kunta, the Sereres dark eyes were full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out even
23、as they stood looking at each other-this time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to roll away, Kunta was kicked heavily in bis ribs. But somehow he and the gasping Wolof managed to stagger back up among the other men from their shelf who were shambling toward their dousing with buckets of
24、seawater.A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kuntas wounds, and his screams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezing thing that had again begun marking time for the chained men to jump and dance for the toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from t
25、heir new beating that twice they stumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hopping clumsily up and down in their chains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aware of the women singing “Toubob fa!“ And when he had finally been chained back down in his place in the dark hold, his heart thro
26、bbed with a lust to murder toubob.Every few days the eight naked toubob would again come into the stinking darkness and scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had accumulated on the shelves where the chained men lay. Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring bale fully in hatred, following t
27、he bobbing orange lights, listening to the toubob cursing and sometimes slipping and t. ailing into the slickness underfoot-so plentiful now, because of the increasing looseness of the mens bowels, that the filth had begun to drop off the edges of the shelves down into the aisleway.The last time the
28、y were on deck, Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badly infected leg. This time the man was kept up on deck when the rest were taken back below. A few days later, the women told the other prisoners in their singing that the mans leg had been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to t
29、end him, but that the man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Starting then, when the toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped red-hot pieces of metal into pails of strong vinegar. The clouds of acrid steam left the hold smelling better, but soon it would again be overwhelm
30、ed by the choking stink. It was a smell that Kunta felt would never leave his lungs and skin.The steady murmuring that went on in the hold whenever the toubob were gone kept growing in volume and intensity as the men began to communicate better and better with one another. Words not understood were
31、.whispered from mouth to ear along the shelves until someone who knew more than one tongue would send back their meanings. In the process, all of the men along each shelf learned new words in tongues they had not spoken before. Sometimes men jerked upward, bumping their heads, in the double exciteme
32、nt of communicating with each other and the fact that it was being done without the toubobs knowledge. Muttering among themselves for hours, the men developed a deepening sense of intrigue and of brotherhood. Though they were of different villages and tribes, the feeling grew that they were not from
33、 different peoples or places.（分数：5.00）(1).The living conditions for the Blacks in the hold of the slave ship were _.（分数：1.00）A.adequate but primitiveB.inhumane and inadequateC.humane but crowdedD.similar to the crews quarters(2).The prisoners had difficulty communicating with each other because _.（分
34、数：1.00）A.they were too sick to talkB.they distrusted one anotherC.no one felt like talkingD.they spoke different languages(3).Which of the following words is closest in meaning to balefully as used in “Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred.“（分数：1.00）A.IndulgentlyB.VacantlyC
35、.ForlornlyD.Menacingly(4).By constantly referring to such things as filth and choking stink, the author seeks to create a tone that arouses a feeling of _.（分数：1.00）A.disgust with the dirtB.horror at the injusticeC.revolting at the foul odorD.relief that this happened long ago(5).Despite their intens
36、e pain and suffering, the Black men found a small measure of comfort in _.（分数：1.00）A.their exercise periods on deckB.the breathtaking ocean sceneryC.their conversations with the Black womenD.their conversations with one anotherBPassage Two/BLarge, multinational corporations may be the companies whos
37、e ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economys vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of
38、the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1.2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own.Too many of these pioneers,
39、however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that success requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corpor
40、ation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are like
41、ly to have disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new study of 3000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly b
42、etter odds: Three years after start-up, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs.Thinking through an ent
43、erprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firms health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In their zeal to expand, small-business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant marke
44、t or of decaying profitability. They hopefully pour more and more money into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that mean the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when th
45、e financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save.Frequent checks of your firms vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer new ma
46、rkets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot idea.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, a countrys economy is probably decided by _.（分数：1.00）A.the prosperity and decline of the transnational corporationsB.the rise and fall of the markets and products as well as capitalC.the fate of the small b
47、usinesses such as small plants and restaurantsD.The economic increase and decrease of the large companies(2).In order to succeed in a business, the entrepreneur should _.（分数：1.00）A.get very well prepared for his new businessB.choose a business hes already familiar withC.examine the companys crucial
48、signs now and thenD.invest as much as possible into his enterprise(3).Which of the following statements about small business is not true?（分数：1.00）A.It helps effectively to fight unemployment.B.The earlier it starts, the sooner it collapses.C.There% a good omen for small business according to a survey.D.Some small business owners are blind to early premonition of failure.(4).What does the last sentence in the 3rd paragraph mean according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The patient is seriously iii because of lack of water in the well.B.The patient
