1、考博医学英语-398 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：3，分数：15.00)Now let“s begin with question Number 1. （分数：5.00）A.A supermarket.B.A department store.C.A drug store.D.A car repair shop.A.A new restaurant.B.A new hotel.C.A new hospital.D.A new airport.A.A new medi
2、cine for headaches.B.A class they“re taking.C.The woman“s job.D.The woman“s health.A.Sleeping pills.B.Iron tablets.C.Pain-killers.D.Those for iron and sleep.A.In a hotel.B.In a restaurant.C.In a store.D.In a library.（分数：5.00）A.He had a doctor examine his injuries.B.He was supposed to meet the woman
3、yesterday.C.He“ll have to explain why he missed practice.D.He asked the woman to take him to the clinic.A.The poor working conditions in the hospital.B.The danger of being infected with AIDS.C.The shortage of well-trained health workers for AIDS patients.D.The inadequate medical education about AIDS
4、.A.Hostile.B.Neutral.C.Happy.D.Anxious.A.She would go with him.B.She would stay at home.C.She would go to the school.D.She would visit their friends.A.That the man should pick an easier career.B.That the man should take back the things he can lift.C.That the man is getting stronger every day.D.That
5、the man should avoid straining his back.（分数：5.00）A.Go and see a doctor.B.Stop smoking.C.Smoke less.D.Take some medicine.A.She is a dentist.B.She is a physician.C.She is a surgeon.D.She is an oculist.A.April.B.May.C.June.D.July.A.He“s got an eye injection.B.His ear is too dry.C.He“s got an ear infect
6、ion.D.He has his ear covered.A.At 9:00.B.At 9:10.C.At 10:00.D.At 10:10.三、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Dialogue(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Question 16-20 aFe based on the following dialogue： （分数：5.00）A.In six months.B.Every now and then.C.Not mentioned.D.In two weeks.A.Have the dentist floss her teeth twice a year.B
7、.Use tartar-free toothpaste when she brushes.C.Brush her teeth twice a day and floss every day.D.Use a toothpick to clean her teeth after every meal.A.It causes decay.B.It hurts the gums.C.It makes brushing difficult.D.It makes chewing difficult.A.It sticks to the bacteria.B.It drags the tooth.C.It
8、brushes the gum line.D.It loosens the tartar.A.Show the woman how to use floss.B.Show the woman the correct way to brush her teeth.C.Continue cleaning the woman“s teeth.D.Show the woman what tartar looks.五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Question 21-25 are based on the following passage： （分数：5.00）A.An acc
9、umulation of factors started by a toxic chemical.B.As a result of dehydration only.C.The level of vasopressin in your body.D.The slowdown of the active part of your nervous system.A.The liver.B.The ears.C.The eyes.D.The brain.A.Water is not recycled in the kidneys.B.Kidneys are slowed down due to al
10、cohol.C.Too much vasopressin in your body.D.Not enough water in the alcohol itself.A.Vasopressin in your blood.B.Acetaldehyde processed by your liver.C.Dehydration due to reduced vasopressin.D.Raised pulse and blood pressure due to the alcohol in your system.A.Go to bed and take an aspirin.B.Do not
11、drink too much.C.Drink a lot of water before sleeping.D.Sleep a lot and rest.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Question 26-30 are based on the following passage： （分数：5.00）A.In 1981.B.In 1990.C.Before 1981.D.After 1990.A.They know that they are infected.B.They don“t know they are infected.C.They are aware
12、that their relatives are infected.D.They are unaware that their relatives are infected.A.Because it threatens people“s lives.B.Because it threatens economic development.C.Because it can disrupt families and communities.D.All the above.A.Ask governments to cooperate with each other.B.Ask the scientis
13、ts to find a drug to kill the disease.C.Ask WHO to educate people to change their life style.D.Make a worldwide effort to control the disease.A.The AIDS virus may stay in the human body for some time before it develops into the disease.B.AIDS makes most of the productive citizens lose their power to
14、 work.C.Many people are free from the fear of AIDS.D.Those who are infected with AIDS should not spread disease to other people.七、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.Already the class is _ about who our new teacher will be.（分数：0.50）A.foreseeingB.speculatingC.fabricatingD.conte
15、mplating2.For many patients, institutional care is the most _ and beneficial form of care.（分数：0.50）A.pertinentB.appropriateC.acuteD.persistent3.The automatic doors in supermarkets _ the entry and exit of customers with shopping carts.（分数：0.50）A.furnishB.induceC.facilitateD.allocate4.If you want this
16、 painkiller, you“ll have to ask the doctor for a _.（分数：0.50）A.inscriptionB.transcriptionC.descriptionD.prescription5.The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been _.（分数：0.50）A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed6.We should _ all advanced science a
17、nd technology to develop our economy.（分数：0.50）A.draw onB.draw inC.draw upD.draw out7.There had been another prison breakout. Five men got away and are still _.（分数：0.50）A.in detailB.at lengthC.at largeD.at a loss8.Helicopters rushed to where Shenzhou 5 _ for the rescue of China“s first astronaut.（分数：
18、0.50）A.settled clownB.shot downC.touched downD.turned down9.I can“t possibly mark your homework: your handwriting is _. You must spend some time in improving it.（分数：0.50）A.illogicalB.illicitC.illegibleD.illusive10.The president gave a _ for the visiting heads of state.（分数：0.50）A.recessionB.reflectio
19、nC.recognitionD.reception九、Section B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.The rosemary plant is an emblem of fidelity and remembrance.（分数：0.50）A.thoughtfulnessB.tendernessC.faithfulnessD.happiness12.Proper exercise plays a significant role in the rehabilitation of patients with various back ailments.（分数：0.50）A.equatio
20、nB.recoveryC.distressD.relaxation13.The patient who takes interest in everything and everybody is a formidable adversary for disease.（分数：0.50）A.dreadfulB.principalC.potentialD.imaginary14.The scientists at the University of Bern in Switzerland have used a weakened virus that is not infectious and ha
21、s proved safe and effective.（分数：0.50）A.dangerousB.harmfulC.contagiousD.invading15.The doctor did not rule out the possibility of food poisoning.（分数：0.50）A.includeB.excludeC.foreseeD.question16.In the final straight Meyers stumbled , and although he didn“t fall it was enough to lose his first place.（
22、分数：0.50）A.staggeredB.screamedC.startledD.rebuked17.The coach explained the regulations at length to make sure that none of his players would become violators.（分数：0.50）A.in generalB.at bestC.in detailD.at last18.The mental patient fluctuates between great excitement and deep depression.（分数：0.50）A.sta
23、bilizesB.recoversC.worsensD.alternates19.Because he wore a strange collection of clothes and often talked to himself, his neighbor considered him eccentric .（分数：0.50）A.ecstaticB.energeticC.exoticD.peculiar20.It is true that the alleged power of dreams to predict future events still remains unproved.
24、（分数：0.50）A.supposedB.well-knownC.trueD.legal十、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When my doctor told me the results of all the tests, I was sure my illness was fatal and certain that I was going to die. One of my first 1 was that I would be leaving behind me so much that was unfinished. I told my friends tha
25、t the 2 on my tombstone should read: “Grade of Incomplete.“ That 3 my life, and I regretted my delays and excuses. I wished that I had more time to do it all over again the right way. But deep inside I felt such a wish was useless. I imagined no recourse but to spend my remaining months in a gradual
26、 state of 4 , too weak, too sick and too absorbed in my dying to do much else. I cried a lot and felt very sorry for myself. After the operation to remove the tumor, my surgeon told me that I was cured. At first, I didn“t believe him. I thought he was humouring me, stringing me alone because he want
27、ed me to be happy in my final months. 5 , though, I began to believe that he was telling me the truth and that I did indeed have a life ahead of me. Because I didn“t want my 6 simply to become a bad memory, I started to change the way I ran my life. I finished the photography project that summer. Th
28、en I applied for matriculation at my local college in the fall. Within a year I had chosen 7 I“m still working on getting that degree. Most important of all, my children and I took that 8 we“d always talked about. We took another one in the winter, too. At the end of five years I realized that I had
29、 rebuilt my life“s patterns. And now each day is more fulfilling than 9 That“s something I couldn“t say before the day that cancer 10 .（分数：10.00）A.rehabilitationsB.realizationsC.inspirationsD.experiencesA.descriptionB.prescriptionC.inscriptionD.inspirationA.summed upB.concludedC.ended upD.shortenedA
30、.corrosionB.permeationC.interventionD.deteriorationA.GraduallyB.By and largeC.IncidentallyD.By accidentA.experience of cancerB.brush with deathC.regretsD.hospitalizationA.an abilityB.a disciplineC.a professionD.a majorA.vacationB.leaveC.turnD.spare timeA.the latterB.the pastC.yesterdayD.the lastA.st
31、ruckB.strikeC.had strickenD.had stroke十一、Part Reading Compre(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Social anxiety, in its many forms, is epidemic. Nearly one in four men and one in eight women report high anxiety when going out on a date, while a third of men and almost a half of women report s
32、uch feelings at dances and discotheques. And the most frequent fear in one survey of 3,000 adults was found to be speaking before a group. “Social anxiety can be the surface sign of much deeper psychological conflicts, such as hidden hostility or guilt,“ said Seymour Epstein, a clinical psychologist
33、, who has been writing extensively on anxiety and personality. There have long been people who complained of social anxiety, as well those who have sought to cure the problem. Lately there has been a mushrooming of serious research by social psychologists on the topic, and new clinical treatments of
34、fered for those who view ordinary social contacts as dangerous and threatening. Not all self-consciousness leads to social anxiety, in the view of Arnold Buss, one of the first psychologists to study the phenomenon. The garden variety self-consciousness, Dr. Buss has written, is simply an introspect
35、ive awareness of one“s thoughts and feelings. What he calls “public self-consciousness“, on the other hand, is a powerful perception of oneself as an object of social scrutiny. The latter is the root of social anxiety. Social anxiety generally creates three different kinds of problems, which can occ
36、ur separately or in tandem, according to Dr. Cheek. For some people, their social anxiety is primarily cognitive: they suffer from repetitive thoughts expressing their fear of making a poor impression, such as “He must think I am an idiot,“ or “I cannot think of anything to say.“ Other people, thoug
37、h, experience their social anxiety almost entirely through physiological symptoms, such as blushing, a pounding heart, or sweating in social situation. In either case, these symptoms lead to a set of behavioral ones: for example, not being able to speak although one wants to, or a general social awk
38、wardness.（分数：5.00）(1).By saying “social anxiety is epidemic“, the author means that social anxiety is _.（分数：1.00）A.an infectious diseaseB.domination in modern societyC.common or widespreadD.rare, at least uncommon(2).It is believed that social anxiety is _.（分数：1.00）A.usually caused by the garden var
39、iety of self-consciousnessB.always caused by constant blaming oneself for social failureC.caused by a powerful perception of oneself as an object of social scrutinyD.caused by an introspective awareness of one“s thoughts and feelings(3).According to Seymour Epstein, _.（分数：1.00）A.not all self-conscio
40、usness may lead to social anxietyB.social anxiety can be embodied in the way of deeper psychological conflictsC.deeper psychological conflicts may be expressed in the way of social anxietyD.all kinds of problems created by social anxiety will come at the same time(4).The word “cognitive“ (Para. 5) m
41、eans _.（分数：1.00）A.related to the process of knowingB.related to the process of speakingC.related to social activityD.related to social scrutiny(5).Which of the following statements concerning the problems created by social anxiety is true?（分数：1.00）A.All the people suffering from social anxiety are a
42、fraid of making a poor impression.B.Some people experience their social anxiety with neither physiological nor behavioral symptoms.C.Blushing, a pounding heart, and sweating in social situation are so common that they are not regarded as symptoms for social anxiety.D.A general social awkwardness may
43、 result from physiological symptoms.十三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Hunger is no novelty. We can discount legends of golden ages, lands of Cockayne, and Megasthenes“ statement that before Alexander“s invasion of India, there had never been famine or food shortage there. Trustworthy historical records s
44、how that during the Renaissance one year in ten in Britain, and one in five in Europe, was a famine year. China, with a greater area and more diverse climate, had a famine in some region every year. Famine is a state of affairs in which people are dying in the streets: It therefore attracts the noti
45、ce of historians and is recorded. The fact that it strikes people who are aware of having been properly fed and well is more important. Not only are the survivors more adjustable, they are also angry at the breakdown of the system and eager to do something about it though it is obvious from the reco
46、rd that they do not always have the means. Malnutrition is much more underhanded. It is a chronic state in which the total food supply or, more often, the supply of certain components such as protein or some of the vitamins, is inadequate. It seems probable that, either constantly or seasonally, it
47、used to be the usual condition of mankind and was regarded as normal. The unhealthy appearance of the figures in medieval paintings and drawings is often put down to the incompetence of the artist: it is as likely that most people really did look like that. The plentifulness with which poets greeted
48、 the merry month of May, in our dull climate, has had a climatic basis: it is just as likely that in May, after six months“ shortage, there was now an adequate vitamin supply. The promptness with which some sailors died of scurvy (坏血病) after leaving port suggests that they were normally on the edge
49、of scurvy and needed only a slight worsening of conditions to get it acutely. Others will think of other examples. Hunger and malnutrition are components of a classic example of a vicious circle. They lead to enfeeblement or unfeelingness in which nothing either can be done, or seems to be worth doing, to alter the state of affairs; this leads to more hunger and malnutrition. There is good reason to think that, in much of the developing world, if the circle could once be broken, it need never return.（分数：5.00）(1).Accordin
