1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-54 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.All things _ , the planned trip will have to be called off.（分数：2.00）A.consideredB.be consideredC.consideringD.having considered2.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.（分数：2
2、.00）A.by thatB.at thatC.on thatD.in that3.The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _ chemists.（分数：2.00）A.eachB.someC.certainD.any4.However, at times this balance in nature is _ , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.（分数：2.00）A.troubledB.disturbedC.confusedD.puzzled5._ it
3、 left to me to decide, I would never hesitate to choose the former.（分数：2.00）A.IfB.WereC.HadD.Should6.Id rather you _ make any comment on the issue for the time being.（分数：2.00）A.dontB.wouldntC.didntD.shouldnt7.Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their flail _.（分数：2
4、.00）A.capacityB.strengthC.lengthD.possibility8.You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _ on business first.（分数：2.00）A.would goB.will goC.wentD.have gone9.You cannot be _ careful when you drive a car.（分数：2.00）A.veryB.soC.tooD.enough10.When I try to understand _ that prevents so many A
5、mericans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.（分数：2.00）A.why it doesB.what it doesC.what it isD.why it is二、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)When we conduct foreign trade, the importance of understanding the language of a country cannot be underestimated. The
6、 successful marketer must achieve export requires a thorough understanding of the language as well as the ability to speak it. Those who deal with advertising should be concerned less with obvious differences between languages and more with the exact meanings expressed.A dictionary translation is no
7、t the same as an idiomatic interpretation, and seldom will the dictionary translation meet the needs. A national producer of soft drinks had the companys brand name impressed in Chinese characters which were phonetically (按照发音地) accurate. It was discovered later, however, that the translations liter
8、al meaning was “female horse fattened with wax“, hardly the image the company sought to describe. So carelessly translated advertising statements not only lose their intended meaning but can suggest something very different including something offensive or ridiculous. Sometimes, what was translated
9、was not an image the companies had in mind for their products. Many people believe that to fully appreciate the true meaning of a language it is necessary to hve with the language for years. Whether or not this is the case, foreign marketers should never take it for granted that they are affectively
10、 communicating in another language.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is the best topic for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Idiomatic Meanings of Languages.B.Language Problems in Foreign Trade.C.Translation Failures in Foreign Trade.D.Culture Difference between Languages.(2).To an advertiser, which one sho
11、uld they pay more attention to?（分数：2.00）A.Understanding of a language.B.Ability to speak a language.C.Obvious differences between languages.D.The different idiomatic expressions between languages.(3).What is the main idea of the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Best translation should be the intent of th
12、e original statement.B.A dictionary translation may not convey the true meaning of an idiom.C.A dictionary will meet the needs.D.Both A and C(4).In terms of communication in another language, marketers should not be too _.（分数：2.00）A.proudB.modestC.self-confidentD.happy(5).The first sentence“., the i
13、mportance of understanding the language of a country cannot be underestimated“ most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.Understanding of the language of a country is extremely importantB.Understanding of the language of a country is less importantC.Not enough importance is attached to the understanding of t
14、he language of a countryD.Enough importance is attached to the understanding of the language of a countryThe rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have 1ed to an unparalleled increase in global public relation
15、s or PR.Surprisingly, since modem PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in p
16、articular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital
17、 of PR.Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asia
18、n counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshalls U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved
19、irt PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country
20、.Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign“ would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no
21、longer any such thing as foreign.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because（分数：2.00）A.an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companiesB.shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologiesC.the decreasing
22、number of multinational corporations in the U.S.D.increased efforts of other countries in public relations(2).London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because _.（分数：2.00）A.British companies are more ambitious than U.S. companiesB.British companies place more importance on PR than U.S.
23、companiesC.British companies are heavily involved in planning activitiesD.four of the worlds top public relations agencies are British-owned(3).The word “provincial“ (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means“ _“.（分数：2.00）A.limited in outlookB.like people from the provincesC.rigid in thinkingD.interested
24、 in world financial affairs(4).We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry _.（分数：2.00）A.speak at least one foreign language fluentlyB.are ignorant about world geographyC.are not as sophisticated as their European counterpartsD.enjoy reading a great variety of English
25、 business publications(5).What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?（分数：2.00）A.American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.B.The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.C.People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign language
26、s.D.People involved in PR should avoid Using the word “foreign“.Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we aU to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the
27、world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and community who will listen. But a few heroes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-v
28、oltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinaryThe hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine, hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do the
29、y serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change.
30、 They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and
31、 parks: It may be possible for largescale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.（分数：10.00）(1).Although heroes may come from different cultures, they.“（分数：2.00）A.generally possess cer
32、tain inspiring characteristicsB.probably sham some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC.are often influenced by previous generationsD.all unknowingly attract a large number of fans(2).According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that _.（分数：2.00）A.they have a vision from th
33、e mountaintopB.they have warm feelings and emotionsC.they can serve as concrete examples of noble principlesD.they can make people feel stronger and mine confident(3).Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are popular only among certain groups of peopleB.thei
34、r performances do not improve their fans morallyC.their primary concern is their own financial interestsD.they are not clear about the principles they should follow(4).Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who _.（分数：2.00）A.are good at demonstrating their charming
35、charactersB.can move the masses with their forceful speechesC.are capable of meeting all challenges and hardshipsD.can provide an answer to the problems of their people(5).The author concludes that historical changes would _.（分数：2.00）A.be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB.no
36、t happen without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC.take place if there were heroes to lead the peopleD.produce leaders with attractive personalitiesI have an infatuation (迷恋) with autumn. The colors of the season, and the smells, have always thrilled me. I have always found joy in this time of
37、 year. The last few autumns of my life, however, I recollect in shades of gray rather than cheerful oranges and yellows.When I became a single mother, every aspect of life took on new meaning. Since I was used to carrying out most of the parental duties without much help during my marriage, I truly
38、did not foresee how different parenting would become after the marriage was over. But suddenly I realized I was a statistic. The daily routine was not changed so much; it was the angle at which I had begun to look at life.I believed my ex-husbands lawyer was tracking every grade the children made, a
39、nd I was under a microscope in this new town where the Children and I moved our “broken home.“ I feared having to eventually establish my family with each new teacher and each new term as a single-parent family. I just wanted to be us again, without the stigma (特征) of the label that put on us.During
40、 those few gray years, I would reassure myself that soon things would be better, and that I would someday be able to feel whole again. There is no mathematical equation of adults proportioned to children to equal a stable, loving family. Every family has its strengths. In fact, studies show that in
41、families who read together, eat together and communicate openly, children are likely to succeed academically, as well as socially and emotionally. I am sure these habits are just as effective when practiced in single-parent families. I realize now that I am not a statistic. We are an active, vital f
42、amily in this charming community, where we are not marked by any stigma of any statistics of any focus groups.We are given opportunity, all of us. We are surrounded by beauty and immersed in possibility. There is joy to be found here, in what we see around us and in creating our own rendition of how
43、 we want to be seen. There is strength and grace in our own willingness to break free from conformity without falling behind the barriers of self-imposed limitations or preconceived notions of where we should fit in this world according to research.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the last sentence of paragr
44、aph one imply?（分数：2.00）A.The author moved to a new place.B.The climate changed greatly in the last few years.C.In the last few years, the authors mood changed.D.There were some natural disasters.(2).After the divorce, _.（分数：2.00）A.there wasnt any change, since she used to play a main part in taking
45、care of the childrenB.she became interested in statisticsC.everything in her life was changedD.it was the way by which she looked at life that changed(3).According to the passage, _ brought the unpleasant change in her life.（分数：2.00）A.a kind of discrimination against single-parent familiesB.her ex-h
46、usbandC.social scientistsD.the feeling about autumn(4).In the few gray years, the author _.（分数：2.00）A.felt helpless and sadB.had the help from her friendsC.never lost hope, and believed that everything would change somedayD.became very nervous and silent(5).What is the authors main point?（分数：2.00）A.
47、Every family has its happiness and unhappiness.B.Her family has suffered a lot.C.Her ex-husband is not a good man.D.Every family has its strength and can create its happiness.三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. TheyU (31) /
48、Uthat in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for theU (32) /Uman. But they insisted that itsU (33) /Uresults during the period from 1740 to 1840 were widespread poverty and misery for theU (34) /Uof the English population.U (35) /Ucontrast, they saw in the preceding
49、hundred years from 1640 to 1740, when England was still aU (36) /Uagricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view,U (37) /U, is generally thought to be wrong. SpecialistsU (38) /Uhistory and economics, haveU (39) /Utwo things: that the period from 1640 to 1740 wasU (40) /Uby great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and
