1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-279 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions: In this part there are ten incomplete sentences, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by drawing with a pencil a short bar ac
2、ross the corresponding letter in the brackets.（分数：20.00）(1).Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _obtaining water is not the least.（分数：2.00）A.for whichB.to whichC.of whichD.in which(2).Which sport has the most expenses _ training equipment, players personal equipment and uniform
3、s?（分数：2.00）A.in place ofB.in terms ofC.by means ofD.by way of(3).They are going to have the serviceman _an electric fan in the office tomorrow.（分数：2.00）A.installB.to installC.to be installedD.installed(4).She was complaining that the doctor was _too much for the treatment he was giving her.（分数：2.00）
4、A.expendingB.offeringC.costingD.charging(5).The manager spoke highly of such _as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.（分数：2.00）A.virtueB.featuresC.propertiesD.characteristics(6).One day I _a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.
5、（分数：2.00）A.came acrossB.came aboutC.came afterD.came at(7).By the end of next year, they _three modem hotels there.（分数：2.00）A.will buildB.will be buildingC.will have been builtD.will have built(8)._, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of
6、language is poor.（分数：2.00）A.Other things being equalB.Were other things equalC.To be equal to other thingsD.Other things to be equal(9)._that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.（分数：2.00）A.ForB.NowC.SinceD.Despite(10)._in all parts of the state, pines are the most co
7、mmon trees in Georgi（分数：2.00）A.A. FoundB. Finding themC. To find themD. Find them二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、11-15(总题数：1，分数：10.00)For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the agi
8、ng of the baby-boom (生育高峰) generation, a longer life span means that the nations elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 40 years. By 2040, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The change poses profound questions for government and
9、society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions, and in law and business as well. “In addition to the doctors, were going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers,“ says Professor Edward Schneider of the University
10、of Southern Californias (USC) School of Gerontology (老年学).Lawyers can specialize in “elder law“, which covers everything from masts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination (歧视). Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are l
11、ikely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. “Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree, will have a license to print money,“ one professor says.Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology major b
12、ut found she was “really bored with bacteria.“ So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it. She says, “I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying./（分数：10.00）(1).“Old is suddenly in“(Line 1, Par（分数：2.00）A.1) most probably means_.A. America has suddenly
13、 become a nation of old peopleB. gerontology has suddenly become popularC. name elderly professors are found on American campusesD. American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students(2).With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit_.（分数：2.00）A.from the adoption of the “elder law“B
14、.from rendering special services to the elderlyC.by enriching their professional knowledgeD.by winning the trust of the elderly to promote their own interests(3).Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market?（分数：2.00）A.Retirees are more generous in spending money.B.They can employ more
15、 gerontologists.C.The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power.D.There are more elderly people working than befor(4).Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Retirees who are business-minded.B.The volunteer workers in retirement homes.C.College graduates with
16、 an MBA or law degree.D.Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology.(5).It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of Americas elderly population _.（分数：2.00）A.will provide good job opportunities in many areasB.will impose an unbearable burden on societyC.may lead to nursing home abuse
17、 and age discriminationD.will create new fields of study in universities四、16-20(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Two main techniques have been used for training elephants, which we may call respectively the tough and the gentle. The former method simply consists of setting an elephant to work and beating him until he
18、 does what is expected. Apart from any moral considerations this is a stupid method of training, for it produces a resentful animal who at a later stage may well turn man-killer. The gentle method requires more patience in the early stages, but produces a cheerful, good-tempered elephant who will gi
19、ve many years of loyal service.The first essential in elephant training is to assign to the animal a single mahout who will be entirely responsible for the job. Elephants like to have one master just as dogs do, and are capable of a considerable degree of personal affection. There are even stories o
20、f half-trained elephant calves who have refused to feed and pained to death when by some unavoidable circumstance they have been deprived of their own trainer. Such extreme cases must probably be taken with a grain of salt, but they do underline the general principle that the relationship between el
21、ephant and mahout is the key to successful training.The most economical age to capture an elephant for training is between fifteen and twenty years, for it is then almost ready to undertake heavy work and can begin to earn its keep straight away. But animals of this age do not easily become subservi
22、ent to man, and a very firm hand must be employed in the early stages. The captive elephant, still roped to a tree, plunges and screams every time a man approaches, and for several days will probably refuse all food through anger and fear. Sometimes a tame elephant is tethered nearby to give the wil
23、d one confidence, and in most cases the captive gradually quietens down and begins to accept its food. The next stage is to get the elephant to the training establishment, a ticklish business which is achieved with the aid of two tame elephants roped to the captive on either side.When several elepha
24、nts are being trained at one time, it is customary for the new arrival to be placed between the stalls of two captives whose training is already well advanced. It is then left completely undisturbed with plenty of food and water so that it can absorb the atmosphere of its new home and see that nothi
25、ng particularly alarming is happening to its companions when it is eating normally, its own training begins. The trainer stands in front of the elephant holding a long stick with a sharp metal point. Two assistants, mounted on tame elephants, control the captive from either side, while others rub th
26、eir hands over his skin to the accompaniment of a monotonous and soothing chant. This is supposed to induce pleasurable sensations in the elephant, and its effects are reinforced by the use of endearing epithets, such as ho! my son, or ho! My father, or my mother according to the age and sex of the
27、captive. The elephant is not immediately susceptible to such blandishments, however, and usually lashes fiercely with its trunk in all directions. These movements are controlled by the trainer with the metal-pointed stick, and the trunk eventually becomes so sore that the elephant curls it up and se
28、ldom afterwards uses it for offensive purposes.（分数：10.00）(1).The ill-treatment of an elephant during training_.（分数：2.00）A.can have unpleasant consequences laterB.is the most effective method availableC.increases the time it takes to train the animalD.ensures loyal service for years to come(2).An ele
29、phant will only be trained successfully if_.（分数：2.00）A.the mahout is a responsible personB.elephant calves dont refuse to feedC.the mahout and the elephant get on well togetherD.several trainers are assigned to the job(3).The main attraction of training mature elephants is_.（分数：2.00）A.early financia
30、l returnsB.their willingness to obey their trainersC.the avoidance of anxiety in the elephantD.that elephants are difficult to keep(4).A mature elephant is only subjected to training when_.（分数：2.00）A.it is with other elephantsB.the mahout has established a good relationship with itC.the animal is fe
31、eding normallyD.it needs to be controlled with a sharp pointed stick(5).This passage mainly discusses_.（分数：2.00）A.two techniques used for training elephantsB.the unhuman method used in training elephantsC.how to train the elephantD.through the tough method we cannot train the elephant successfully五、
32、21-25(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy fo
33、r their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to turned out that the bread was not dietetic
34、(适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance maybe sold by appealing to f
35、ear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ad
36、s, they will benefit from the advertising.Each consumer must evaluate her or his orca situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buy
37、ing decision.（分数：10.00）(1).Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by_.（分数：2.00）A.stressing their high qualityB.convincing him of their low priceC.maintaining a balance between quality and priceD.appealing to his buying motives(2).The reason why the bread advertisement is mis
38、leading is that_.（分数：2.00）A.thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB.the loaf was cut into regular slicesC.the broad was not genuine broadD.the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same(3).The passage tells us that_.（分数：2.00）A.sometimes advertisements really sell what the consu
39、mer needsB.advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they dont needC.the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisementsD.fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment(4).It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should_.（分数：2.00）A.think carefully
40、 about the benefits described in the advertisementsB.guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC.be familiar with various advertising strategiesD.avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal(5).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.how to make a wise buying decisionB.ways to p
41、rotect the interests of the consumerC.the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD.the function of advertisements in promoting sales六、26-30(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class.
42、 In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers, radio and
43、cassette players and mobile telephones.RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation (航空) industry, has recommended that all airlines ban (禁止) such devices from being used during “critical“ stages of flight, particularly take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ba
44、n during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights.Th
45、e difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircrafts computers. Experts know that portable devices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a labor
46、atory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not.The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable (易受损的) to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio system in order to damage navigation equipment. As worrying, though, is the passenger who cant hear the
47、instructions to turn off his radio because the musics too loud.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.a new regulation for all airlinesB.the defects of electronic devicesC.a possible cause of aircraft crashesD.effective safety measures for air flight(2).What is said about the over 100
48、 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?（分数：2.00）A.They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems.B.They may have taken place during take-off and landing.C.They were proved to have been caused by the passengers portable computers.D.They were suspected to have resulted from electromagn
49、etic interferenc(3).Few airlines want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because_.（分数：2.00）A.they dont believe there is such a danger as radio interferenceB.the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be provedC.most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette playersD.they have other effective safety measures to fall back on(4).Why is it difficult to predict the pos
