1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-238 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.What matters _ not winning but participating.（分数：2.00）A.areB.to beC.wasD.is2.At the foot of the mountain _.（分数：2.00）A.stood a villageB.a village wasC.did a village standD.stand a village3.She got a _ job while she was
2、waiting to go to the university.（分数：2.00）A.steadyB.attractiveC.temporaryD.permanent4.All the firemen in the city were _to fight against the big fire.（分数：2.00）A.called inB.called offC.called upD.called on5.He was in a hurry and left things in a real _.（分数：2.00）A.mixtureB.confusionC.messD.mass6.Scienc
3、e is still _ of the causes of many kinds of cancer.（分数：2.00）A.ignorantB.unconsciousC.consciousD.informed7.He was not as active as I had _him to be.（分数：2.00）A.inspectedB.recognizedC.objectedD.expected8.Even if it _ this afternoon, I will go there.（分数：2.00）A.has rainedB.will rainC.rainsD.will have rai
4、ned9.Maggie ran back to the kitchen, eggs _ carefully in her hands.（分数：2.00）A.to be heldB.heldC.were heldD.holding10.I dont know his address, _.（分数：2.00）A.otherwise I will write to himB.otherwise I would write to himC.otherwise I had written to himD.otherwise I would have written to him二、Part Readin
5、g Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that the
6、re arc two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called“ classical conditioning.“ This occurs when one event or stimulus is continuously followed by a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mothers face and voi
7、ce with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion.The second kind of learning is called “operant (动作的) conditioning. “This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and
8、learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother mo
9、re.（分数：10.00）(1).The main purpose of this passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotionsB.give the common reader a general description of two basic kinds of learningC.give parents some advice on how to modify their childrens emotions through learnin
10、gD.discuss with psychologists how positive and negative feelings are produced(2).If a child is bitten or startled several times by a dog, he may learn to associate furry (有毛皮的) animals with pain or startle and thus develop a fear of furry animals. This is a typical example of learning through _.（分数：
11、2.00）A.classical conditioningB.operant conditioningC.both A and BD.neither A nor B(3).If your jokes often find a ready echo in a person, you will learn through _that telling jokes to this person is fun, and you will try with greater efforts to be humorous in his presence.（分数：2.00）A.classical conditi
12、oningB.operant conditioningC.neither A nor BD.some other sorts of conditioning(4).The word “cuddle“ in Par（分数：2.00）A.2 most probably means _.A. persuadeB. hold close and lovelyC. threatenD. shout at(5).How can a mother help the baby to cry less?（分数：2.00）A.Cuddle the baby until he is quiet.B.Leave th
13、e baby alone.C.Do not always attend to the baby.D.Teach the baby not to cry.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month-old infants, according to a long-term national study.
14、 The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week.Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. “This research helps us put apart complexities regardi
15、ng child care that have not previously been studied in detail,“ contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist.The investigation consists of 1,153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The youngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered the study in 1991, will be tracked until the age of
16、 7. Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages l, 6, and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness. Unlike most previous studies, this one allows
17、 researchers to observe each caretakers personality at child nursing, and kids emotional reaction by the equipment.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph we know that _.（分数：2.00）A.mother care is the best according to a national studyB.child care outside home is the best in accordance with the studyC
18、.regular child care outside home may play a role as a motherD.connections between mothers and infants are damaged by outside care(2).According to the passage, unresponsive care from a mother may _.（分数：2.00）A.rain a kids growthB.harm the mother-child tieC.injure a babys emotional reactionD.spoil a ch
19、ilds personality(3).Jay Belsky implies that the study of child care _.（分数：2.00）A.was never carried out in the pastB.was not much done in detail in the pastC.was greatly ignored by psychologists and researchersD.was interesting, but very difficult to make discovery(4).The main difference between the
20、investigation and the previous ones is that _.（分数：2.00）A.the researchers started with only one month old infantsB.the observers could rate the quality of child care efforts and analyzed them soonC.the researchers were able to give the questionnaires to mothers in their homesD.video equipment enabled
21、 researchers to observe what was happening directly(5).Which of the following is not TRUE of the investigation?（分数：2.00）A.It will last at least 7 years.B.Cooperation from the mothers is also necessary.C.Some independent observers play a part.D.Researchers paid site visits to see a caretakers persona
22、lity and kids emotional reaction.Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption of energy, increased demand for raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals
23、and other substances in use per person. The history of industrial development is full of examples.In 1870, homes and mules were the prime source of power on U.S. farms. One horse or many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and mule population for 1970, i
24、ts answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic mm of mind. Had they been “economists“, they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that would be on
25、ly a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technolo
26、gical developments?（分数：2.00）A.Older technologies die away.B.The quality of life is improved.C.Overall productivity increases.D.More raw materials become necessary.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that by 1870 _.（分数：2.00）A.the steam engine had been inventedB.a national commission on agricultur
27、e had been establishedC.the U. S. horse population was about 10 millionD.technology began to be more economical(3).Which of the following statements would the author of the passage be most likely to agree?（分数：2.00）A.Technological development influences societys future.B.Technological innovations are
28、 almost always successful.C.Technicians are more useful to society than economists.D.The economy is independent of technological transformation.(4).In the second paragraph, the author suggests that “economists“ would _.（分数：2.00）A.consult the national commission on the economyB.plan the economy throu
29、gh yearly forecastsC.consider the influence of technological innovation importantD.value the economic contribution of farm animals(5).What is the authors attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovation?（分数：2.00）A.He is excited about them.B.He is disturbed by them.C.He questions their
30、usefulness.D.He accepts them as natural.AQuiet student offeredroom in private house.Share bath and kitchen.gas/electricityBProfessional couple,3 children,2,4and 6,offer single room,rent-free, to student willing tobaby-sit 3 evenings weekly,occasional weekends. Live as family.CDouble room suitable 2
31、students sharing.Cooking facilities, share bathroom.Non-smokers only.70each weekly, excluding gas/electricity.DTeacher going on 3-month study course abroad willing to let comfortably furnished flat in prestige block to responsible students. 2 double bedrooms, 1 single. Use of garden.Rent 70 each, we
32、ekly, inclusive.No late parties.（分数：10.00）(1).The information in the form may come from _.（分数：2.00）A.an advertisement in a formal newspaperB.a college notice boardC.a leaflet from a travel agencyD.a notice in the window of an estate agent(2).The single room offered in section A would be suitable for
33、 a student _.（分数：2.00）A.fond of keeping petsB.doing intensive studyC.anxious to make new friendsD.wanting self-contained accommodation(3).A student accepting the offer in B _.（分数：2.00）A.had better have some experience of child careB.would have no free time at allC.must be a member of this large fami
34、lyD.would be able to live everyday cheaply(4).For two students ad D would be more economical than ad C because _.（分数：2.00）A.they would share a roomB.the basic expenses are cheaperC.there are no extras except for foodD.there is free use of the garden(5).The flat offered in ad D _.（分数：2.00）A.is expens
35、ively furnishedB.is on the first floorC.can only accommodate four peopleD.is only available for a short period七、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Experts predict that Chinas healthcare market will have an annual growth of 6 to 8 percent in the next few years, making it one of the potentially most prosperous
36、. In Shanghai, annual medical expenditure is estimated to be 16 billion yuan (U. S. 93 billion). With an increasingly (31) population, the growing consumption power and longer life (32) of local residents, the medical market has great opportunities.However l limited medical resources cannot meet peo
37、ples needs (33) financial deficits in State-owned hospitals. (34) , there is room for a range of different medical organizations.As is the case with many State-owned enterprises, public hospitals in the past half century have learned a lot of bad habits: (35) management, over-staffing and bureaucrat
38、ic operating procedures.Being a member of World Trade Organization (WTO), China has to (36) its promise to open the health industry to foreign capital in coming years. By then, public hospitals will be facing fierce competition from Western giants they have never prepared for.So its quite urgent (37
39、) them to learn how to operate as an enterprise and how to survive in the competitive market economy of the future.As a (38) , the healthcare sector was first opened to domestic private investors. Since the first private hospital opened in 1999, private investors from Shenzhen, Sichuan and Zhejiang
40、provinces have been scrambling to enter Shanghai. (39) show that about 20 private hospitals have been set up in the city, although this number, (40) with more than 500 public hospitals, is still quite low.（分数：20.00）A.agingB.agedC.being-agedD.ageA.expectantB.expectancyC.expedienceD.expectorantA.due t
41、oB.due inC.dueD.due ofA.As a resultB.Being resultC.Be a resultD.As the resultA.dissufficientB.unsufficientC.irsufficientD.insufficientA.haveB.putC.keepD.doA.toB.forC.withD.fromA.trialB.experimentC.proofD.promiseA.StatisticB.StatisticsC.StatisticianD.StatorA.compareB.comparingC.comparedD.have compare
42、d八、Part Dialogue Comp(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.George: _?Ann: Well, its a great dance all right, but Ive been to quite a few parties lately and fed up with them.（分数：2.00）A.Dont you play happilyB.Dont you stay here pleasantlyC.Arent you fond of yourselfD.Arent you enjoying yourself12.Roger: Hi, Frank.Frank
43、: Hi, Roger. The party is really nice, isnt it?Roger: _. Lots of food and drinks !（分数：2.00）A.It is realB.It sure isC.It is certainD.It must be13.Alice: Ted asked me to go to the beach this weekend. Whats your plan?Laura: Ive to work overtime. Sometimes I envy you a lot. Ted is a good guy.Alice: _. Y
44、ou just havent met the right person. And I think you work too much. You should learn how to entertain yourself and enjoy your life.（分数：2.00）A.Come onB.OKC.Well doneD.By the way14.Bill: Here, Cindy! Id like you to meet my best partner, Daniel. (To Daniel) This is Cindy, my girlfriend.Cindy: Hi, Danie
45、l. _.Daniel: Mostly good things I hope.（分数：2.00）A.How do you do?B.You look handsome.C.Bill tells me youre a good guy.D.Bill talks about you a lot.15.Stephen: I want to send this package parcel post, registered.Clerk: _?Stephen: Yes, please, for sixty dollars.（分数：2.00）A.Do you want it guaranteedB.Do
46、you want it insuredC.Do you want it preservedD.Do you want it ensured16.Jack: Id like a haircut, please.Barber: Would you care for a shave and a shampoo as well?Jack: _. A haircut will be just fine.（分数：2.00）A.Yes, pleaseB.No, thanksC.Its very kind of youD.Im glad you can think of it17.Michael: Hi, m
47、om. Id like you to meet my girlfriend, Susan Lee. Susan, this is my mother.Susan: How do you do, Mrs. Miller.Mother: How do you do, Susan. Im glad you can join us. _.（分数：2.00）A.Take it easyB.Please feel naturalC.Make yourself at homeD.Feel all right here18.Kellie: You havent been around much lately,
48、 have you?Marie: _.Kellie: Oh? Where were you?Marie: Palm. Springs. Ive got a cousin there.（分数：2.00）A.Yes, I have been here all the timeB.Yes, Ive been away on vacation.C.No, I have been here all the time.D.No, Ive been away on vacation.19.Mary (after work): Shall I punch out for you, Juliet? Im lea
49、ving now.Juliet: _. Ive to work overtime.（分数：2.00）A.Yes, thanksB.No, not necessaryC.No, thanksD.I dont care20.Nurse: Do you have any designated doctor?Patient: Yes, Dr. Hurt, Cliff Hurt.Nurse: Here is your registration card. Dr. Hurt is at clinic No. 6. _.（分数：2.00）A.You may stay here and wait for your rightB.You can sit over there and wait for your turnC.You may stand in l
