1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-151 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1._ pollution control measures tend to be money consuming, many industries hesitate to adopt them. A. Although B. However C. When D. Since（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.You should use _ and natural language when you write a personal let
2、ter. A. forillal B. political C. magic D. plain（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.Is there anything else _ you want to get ready for the party this evening? A. which B. who C. that D. what（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.Coffee has been a favorite drink for centuries, _ the time when we were drinking it strong and black, without
3、 sugar. A. during B. for C. before D. since（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Susan will come to watch him _ at Wimbledon this week. A. played B. play C. to play D. playing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.Lightning has been the second largest storm killer in the US over the past 40 years and is _ only by flood. A. exceeded B. ex
4、celled C. excluded D. extended（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.How strange it is that the habit he developed in his childhood still _ him. A. takes to B. clings to C. attends to D. adds to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The new currency will get into _ soon. A. circuit B. circulation C. circular D. circle（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.Re
5、tail sales volume in local urban and rural areas rose 57.8% and 46.8% _ last year. A. individually B. respectively C. correspondingly D. accordingly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.The accepted _ of adepuate diet have been challenged by new discoveries in nutrition. A. formations B. components C. standards D. in
6、gredients（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green building can also refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories and offices.Buildings account for 65 percent of total U.S. electr
7、icity use. But green buildings can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of natural resources such as gasoline, a
8、nd give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on previously developed land, so that the buildings dont destroy forests or other wild habitats(栖息地).Marry Dettling is a project manager for a building that puts these ideas into action. The Solaire has been called the countrys first green resid
9、ential high-rise building. According to Dealing, “Weve reduced our energy consumption by one-third and our water by 50 percent. “Not everyone is leaping to move into a green building, however. Some people think that features such a solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources. D
10、espite this, Dettling hopes that green buildings will become common in the future. “Its going to be big,“ she said.（分数：10.00）(1).What does green building refer to nowadays? A. Buildings painted by green hands. B. Buildings covered with green plants. C. Buildings that are environmentally-friendly. D.
11、 Buildings like houses, factories, and offices.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “Also“ (Line 2, Paragraph 2) is used to _. A. continue the discussion of total U. S. electricity use B. expand the topic of reduction of energy and water use C. include the discussion of public transportation D. shift the f
12、ocus to the topic of the environment protection（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In terms of land use, green buildings are constructed by _. A. making use of developed land B. developing new land C. clearing the ground in a forest D. draining wild habitats（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Why are some people not so enthusias
13、tic about green buildings? A. Because they do not jump into green building. B. Because they fail to move into a green building. C. Because they find it more costly to live in a green building. D. Because they think that solar panels still cost too much.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What did Marty Dettling me
14、an when she said, “Its going to be big?“ A. Green buildings have a great potential. B. People expect bigger green buildings. C. Green buildings will be larger in size. D. People prefer to live in bigger buildings.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Lazy? Shy? Live in a cave? Those might no
15、t be positive attributes for the average human, but they sure are good for animals trying to survive in a changing environment. According to a new study, beasts that hibernate(冬眠)or crawl into holes are less likely to be listed as endangered than those that dont.Following up a previous study on exti
16、nct animals, which showed that species exhibiting “sleep or hide“ (SLOH)behaviors did better than others, the researchers wanted to see if the same was true of modern crearures like moles and bears. To find out if our more timid animals have a leg up in the survival game, researchers made a master l
17、ist of 443 sleep-or-hide mammals.With their list in hand, the team compared their 443 to the “red list“ of endangered species published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. As suspected, a sleepy of hiding animal was less likely to be on the red list than a regular animal, and a re
18、d-list animal was also less likely to be a SLOH-er.This makes a lot of sense, as animals that hide away in a cave or a tree hole are protected by their physical shelters from a variable environment outside, while hibernators enjoy a flexible metabolism(新陈代谢)that can help them adapt to a changing cli
19、mate.（分数：10.00）(1).On the list of extinct animals studied, there were _. A. fewer SLOH-ers than regular animals B. more SLOH-ers than expected C. as many SLOH-ers as regular animals D. hardly any SLOH-ers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The phrase “a leg up“ in Paragraph 2 probably means“_“. A. an instinct B. a
20、n advantage C. a fight D. a chance（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The study of modern creatures _. A. is unrelated to the study of extinct animals B. finds evidence missing in the study of extinct animals C. has findings similar to those of the study of extinct animals D. reveals a different pattern from the s
21、tudy of extinct animals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, red-list animals are more likely to_. A. be lazy B. he timid C. live long D. sleep less（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the last paragraph the author _. A. compares the behaviors of sleepers and hiders B. offers an explanation for the surv
22、ival of sleepers and hiders C. analyzes how a changing environment affects SLOH-ers D. emphasizes what can be learned from SLOH-ers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：10.00)American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and
23、 gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing, the Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John Mc Whorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960 scounter-culture as re
24、sponsible for the decline of formal English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing“, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well
25、 regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative gene is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with
26、an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. Mc Whorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard
27、 ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large
28、 chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. Mc Whorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reformshe is really grieving over the l
29、oss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china“. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.（分数：10.00）(1).According to Mc Whorter, the decline of formal English _ A. is inevitable in radical education reforms. B. is but all too natural in
30、 language development. C. has caused the controversy over the counter-culture. D. brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “talking“ (Line 5, Paragraph 2) denotes _ A. modesty. B. personality. C. liveliness. D. informality.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).To which of
31、the following statements would Mc whorter most likely agree? A. Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk. B. Black English can be more expressive than standard English. C. Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining. D. Of all the varieties, standard Engli
32、sh Can best convey complex ideas.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The description of Russians love of memorizing poetry shows the authors _ A. interest in their language. B. appreciation of their efforts. C. admiration for their memory. D. contempt for their old-fashionedness.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to t
33、he last paragraph, “paper plates“ is to “china“ as _ A. “temporary“ is to “permanent“. B. “radical“ is to “conservative“. C. “functional“ is to “artistic“. D. “humble“ is to “noble“.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：10.00)As soon as it was revealed that a reporter for progressive magazine had
34、 discovered how to make a hydrogen bomb, a group of firearm(火器) fans formed the National Hydrogen Bomb Association, and they are now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans from owning one.“The Constitution,“ said the associationes spokesman, “gives everyone the right to own arms. It does
35、nt spell out what kind of arms. But since anyone can now make a hydmgen bomb, the public should be able to buy it to protect theraselves. “Dont you think its dangerous to have one in the house, particularly where there are children around?“The National Hydrogen Bomb Association hopes to educate peop
36、le in the safe handling of this type of weapon. We are instructing owners to keep the bomb in a locked cabinet and the fuse(导火索) separately in a drawer. “Some people consider the hydrogen bomb a very fatal weapon which could kill somebody. “The spokesman said, “Hydrogen bombs dont kill people-people
37、 kill people. The bomb is for self protection and it also has a deterrent effect. If somebody knows you have a nuclear weapon in your house, they re going to think twice about breaking in. “But those who want to ban the bomb for American citizens claim that if you have one locked in the cabinet, wit
38、h the fuse in a drawer, you would never be able to assemble it in time to stop an intruder(侵入者).“Another argument against allowing people to own a bomb is that at the moment it is very expensive to build one. So what your association is backing is a program which would allow the middle and upper cla
39、sses to acquire a bomb while poor people will be left defenseless with just handguns. “（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, some people started a national association so as to _. A. block any legislation to ban the private possession of the bomb B. coordinate the mass production of the destructiv
40、e weapon C. instruct people how to keep the bomb safe at home D. promote the large-scale sale of this newly invented weapon（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Some people oppose the ownership of H-bombs by individuals on the grounds that _. A. the size of the bomb makes it difficult to keep in a drawer B. most peo
41、ple dont know how to handle the weapon C. peoples lives will be threatened by the weapon D. they may fail into the hands of criminals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).By saying that the bomb also has a deterrent effect the spokesman means that it _. A. will frighten away any possible intruders B. can show the sp
42、ecial status of its owners C. will threaten the safety of the owners as well D. can kill those entering othershouses by force（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, opponents of the private ownership of H-bombs are very much worried that _. A. the influence of the association is too powerful
43、for the less privileged to overcome B. poorly-educated Americans will find it difficult to make use of the weapon C. the wide use of the weapon will push up living expenses tremendously D. the cost of the weapon will put citizens on an unequal basis（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the tone of the passage w
44、e know that the author is _. A. doubtful about the necessity of keeping H-bombs at home for safety B. unhappy with those who vote against the ownership of H-bombs C. not serious about the private ownership of H-bombs D. concerned about the spread of unclear weapons（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、BPart Cloze/(总题数
45、：1，分数：20.00)Directions:For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices given below. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Visitors to this country are normally admitted for six months
46、, but foreign students can usually stay for one year. They must U U 1 /U /Uan educational institution, and they are required to study for a U U 2 /U /Uof fifteen hours a week on a daytime course. Prospective students have to show that they can afford their studies, and that they have sufficient U U
47、3 /U /Uresources to support themselves U U 4 /U /Uin this country.In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, U U 5 /U /Umust be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to grant or U U 6 /U /Uthese permits, and there i
48、s little that can be done U U 7 /U /Uit; it would be extremely unwise for a foreign visitor to work U U 8 /U /Ua permit, since anyone doing so is liable to immediate deportation(驱逐出境). There are some people from the European countries, who are often given U U 9 /U /Uresidence permits of up to five Years. Some other people, such as doctors, fo
