1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-147 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart One Vocabu(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.He hoped the firm would_him to the Paris branch. A. exchange B. transmit C. transfer D. remove（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.The ear_halfway for no reason. A. broke off B. broke down C. broke up D. broke out（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.The ne
2、wcomers found it impossible to_themselves to the climate sufficiently to makepermanent homes in the new country. A. suit B. adapt C. regulate D. coordinate（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.A_to this problem is expected to be found before long. A. result B. response C. settlement D. solution（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Flood
3、s cause billions of dollars worth of property damage_ A. relatively B. actually C. annually D. comparatively（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.If she doesn t tell him the truth now, he ll simply keep on asking her until she_ A. does B. has done C. will do D. would do（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.The patient s health failed to
4、 such an extent that he was put into_. care. A. tense B. rigid C. intensive D. tight（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.He_with Smith at least four times in the past three years. A. has been seen to meet B. was seen to meet C. had been seen meeting D. is seen meeting（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.No one had told Smith about_a l
5、ecture the following day. A. there being B. there be C. there wouht be D. there was（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.Operations which left patients_and in need of long periods of recovery time nowleave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. A. exhausted B. abandoned C. injured D. deserted（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart T
6、wo Readin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、B11-15/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)New technology links the world as never betore. Our planet has shrunk. Its a new “globalvillage“ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course,our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipme
7、nt is greatly enhanced by foreignlanguage skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business-people who have agrowing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, successoverseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignme
8、nts are bec, oming increasingly important to advancement within executiveranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer needs fear being “out of sight and outof mind“ . He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the companys plan forsuccess, and that promotions often f
9、ollow or accompany an assignment abroad, if an employeecan succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or herability to come back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign languageissues are becoming more and prevalent (普遍的) .T
10、hanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive commuMeations devices with businessapplications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need forpeople who can speak anoth
11、er language. A second language isn t generally required to get a job inbusiness, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appearto be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the countrys principal language has an opportunityto fast-forward certain negotiati
12、ons, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better tomove more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clientsover the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the authors attitude toward high-tech communica
13、tions equipment? A. Critical. B. Prejudiced. C. Indifferent. D. Positive.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, business people_ A. have to get familiar with modern technology B. are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations C. are attaching
14、more importance to their overseas business D. are eager to work overseas（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind“ (Lines 2-3, Para. 3) probablymeans_ A. being unable to think properly for lack of insight B. being totally out of touch with business at home C. missing opport
15、unities for promotion when abroad D. leaving all care and worry behind（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporationsin employing people today? A. Connections with businesses overseas. B. Ability to speak the clients language. C. Techni
16、cal know-how. D. Business experience.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can_ A. better control the whole negotiation process B. easily find new approaches to meet market needs C. fast-forward their proposals to headquarters D. easily make frie
17、nds with businesspeople abroad（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、B16-20/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Friction between Americas military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. Americas220-year experiment in civilian control of the military is a recipe for friction. The nation s historyhas seen a series of shifts in decision
18、-making power among the White House, the civiliansecretaries and the uniformed elite (精英). However, what may seem on the outside an unstableand special system of power sharing has, without a doubt, been a key to two centuries of militarysuccess.In the infighting dates to the revolution, George Washi
19、ngton waged a continual struggle notjust for money, but to control the actual battle plan. The framers of the Constitution sought toclarify things by making the president the “commander in chief“ . Not since Washington wore hisuniform and led the troops across the Alleghenies to quell (镇压) the Whisk
20、ey Rebellion has asitting president taken command in the field. Yet the absolute authority of the president ensures hisdirect command. The president was boss, and everyone in uniform knew it.In the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln dealt directly with his generals, and Secretary of WarEdwin M. Stanton hand
21、led administrative details. Lincoln, inexperienced in military matters,initially deferred (顺从) to his generals. But when their caution proved disastrous, he issued hisGeneral War Order No. 1explicitly commanding a general advance of all Union forces. Somegenerals, George B. McClellan in particular,
22、bridled at his hands-on direction. But inconstitutional terms, Lincoln was in the right.His most important decision was to put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the Union Army in 1864.Left to its own timetable, the military establishment would never have touched Grant. Therelationship between the presid
23、ent and his general provides a textbook lesson in civilian control andpower sharing. Grant was a general who would take the fight to the enemy, and not second-guessthe presidents political decisions. Unlike McClellan, for example, Grant cooperatedwholeheartedly in recruiting black soldiers. For his
24、part, Lincoln did not meddle in operations anddid not visit the headquarters in the field unless invited.The balance set up by Grant and Lineoln stayed more or less in place through World War I.Not until World War II did the pendulum finally swing back toward the White House. FranklinRoosevelt, who
25、had been assistant Navy secretary during World War I, was as well prepared tobe commander in chief as any wartime president since George Washington.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, the system of power sharing between the White House and thegenerals_ A. is unstable and strange B. is a guarantee
26、 for American military success C. has caused a series of quarrels D. undermines the bases of American military power（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The phrase “the uniformed elite“ in Paragraph one most probably refers to_ A. outstanding soldiers B. officers C. officials D. generals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Accordi
27、ng to the passage, Washington_ A. struggled with the congress only for money B. lived up to the code of the constitution that the president was “the commander in chief“ C. looked more like a general than a president D. did much more than he should as a president（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Why was the putti
28、ng of Grant in charge of the Union Army an important decision? A. Because Lincoln was inexperienced in military affairs, he had to do so“ B. Grant whole-heartedly believed in Lincoln, and their cooperation proved to be anonesuch. C. All things considered, Grant was somewhat better than McClellan. D.
29、 The decision to put Grant in charge of the Union Army was not against the constitution.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the last paragraph, the author implies that_ A. Roosevelt was better prepared to be a wartime president than Lincoln B. in the Second World War, the relationship between the White House an
30、d the generalswas intense C. both Lincoln and Roosevelt were good wartime presidents, although their actual way ofdealing things may be different D. George Washington was actually the best president（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、B21-25/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Crossing Wesleyan Universitys campus usually requires walki
31、ng over colorful messageschalked on the ground. They can be as innocent as meeting announcements, but in a growingnumber of cases the language is meant to shock. Its not uncommon, for instance, to see lewdreferences to professorssexual preferences scrawled across a path or the mention of the word“Ni
32、g“ that African-American students say make them feel uncomfortable.In response, officials and students at schools are now debating ways to lead theircommunities away from forms of expression that offend or harass (侵扰). In the process, they reputting up against the difficulties of regulating speech a
33、t institutions that pride themselves onfostering open debate.Mr. Bennet of Wesleyan says he had gotten used to seeing occasional talkings filled withfour-letter words. Campus tradition made any horizontal surface not attached to a building apotential billboard. But when talkings began taking on a mo
34、re threatening and lewd tone, Bennetdecided to act. “This is not acceptable in a workplace and not aeeeptahle in an institution of higherlearning.“ Bennet says. For now, Bennet is seeking input about what kind of message-postingpolicy the school should adopt. The student assembly recently passed a r
35、esolution saying the“right to speech comes with implicit responsibilities to respect community standards“Other public universities have confronted problems this year while considering various ways ofregulating where students can express themselves. At Harvard Law School, the recent controversywas mo
36、re linked to the academic setting. Minority students there are seeking to curb what theyconsider harassing speech in the wake of a series of incidents last spring.At a meeting held by the “Committee on Healthy Diversity“ last week, the schools BlackLaw Students Association endorsed a policy targetin
37、g discriminatory harassment. It would trigger areview by school officials if there were charges of “severe or pervasive conduct“ by students orfaculty. The policy would cover harassment based on, but not limited to, factors such as race,religion, creed, sexual orientation, national origin, and ethni
38、eity (种族划分).Boston attorney Harvey Silverglate, says other schools have adopted similar harassmentpolicies that are actually speech codes, punishing students for raising certain ideas. “Restrictingstudents from saying anything that would be perceived as very unpleasant by another studentcontinues un
39、interrupted, “ says Silverglate, who attended the Harvard Law town meeting lastweek.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the typical scene found in the campus of Wesleyan University? A. Pieces of chalk are scattered everywhere on the ground. B. There are some meeting announcements on the billboard. C. All kinds of
40、 messages are written on the paths. D. Some people are shocked by the meeting announcements.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).From the passage we can see that_ A. officials and students are debating whether they should have free speech B. in the past decade, people did not have any freedom of speech C. some stud
41、ents are attacked politically as targets D. officials and students are discussing ways of avoiding offending messages（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Mr. Bennet_ A. has gotten used to seeing messages on the billboard B. thinks that it is not acceptable to have chalkings on the ground in an institution of higher
42、learning C. is looking for a good policy which can guide the way of students message posting D. has decided to chalk some messages to fight against the harassing ones（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The essential of the problem is to_ A. stick up for free speech B. cleanse the academic setting C. cut the throat
43、 of free speech D. please the minorities（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the policy adopted by many schools after heated debating? A. It is for the universities to clamp down on speech concerning racist comments or otherforms of inappropriate ideas. B. It is to teach students to learn how to express the
44、mselves more clearly. C. It is to give the minority groups the right to speak freely. D. It is to urge students to discuss problems concerning race, religion, national origin andethnicity.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、B26-30/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)There are great careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specia
45、lization. You find thesecareers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is anincreasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhapsknow too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who ar
46、ecapable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. And these“generalists“are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see thatother people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other peopleswork, to begi
47、n it and judge it.The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a“ trained“ man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. Thegeneralist-and especially the administrator-deals with people; his concern is with leadership,with planning
48、, and with direction giving. He is an “educated“ man; and the humanities are hisstrongest foundation.Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a goodgeneralist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organizations need them in differentproportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds ofjobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you - but this is a pure accident. Certainlyyo
