1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-142 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart One Vocabu(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Americans eat_as they actually need every day. A. twice as much protein B. twice protein as much twice C. twice protein as much D. protein as twice much（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.To one s boss, an employee should dress neatly, b
2、e_and show interest in the job. A. instant B. timely C. punctual D. quick（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.We had to_a lot of noise when the children were at home. A. go in for B. hold on to C. put up with D. keep pace with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.This crop does not do well in soils_the one for which it has been special
3、ly developed. A. outside B. other than C. beyond D. rather than（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.“You are very selfish. Its high time you_that you are not the most important personin the world.“ Edgar said to his boss angrily. A. realized B. have realized C. realize D. should realize（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.After a whol
4、e day s heavy work, the old worker returned home,_. A. hungry and felt exhausting B. hunger and exhausted C. hungry and exhausted D. hungry and having been exhausted（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.If this kind of fish becomes_, future generations may never taste it at all. A. minimum B. short C. seldom D. scarce
5、（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The same factors push wages and prices up together, the one_the other. A. emphasizing B. reinforcing C. multiplying D. increasing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.In Disneyland, every year, some 800, 000 plants are replaced because Disney refusedto_signs asking his “guests“ not to step on them.
6、A. put down B. put out C. put up D. put off（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10._that Susan hadn t dared to make a sound. A. So was he absorbed B. So absorbed he was C. So absorbed was he D. So he was absorbed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、B Directions: In(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、B11-15/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When I was still an architecture
7、 student, a teacher told me, “we learn more from buildingsthat fall down than from buildings that stand up.“ What he meant was that construction is as muchthe result of experience as of theory. Although structural design follows established formulas, theactual performance of a building is complicate
8、d by the passage of time, the behavior of users, thenatural element s-and unnatural events. All are difficult to simulate. Buildings, unlike cars,can t be crash-tasted.The first important lesson of the World Trade Center collapse is that tall buildings canwithstand the impact of a large jetliner. Th
9、e twin towers were supported by 59 perimeter columnson each side. Although about 30 of these columns, extending from four to six floors, weredestroyed in each building by the impact, initially both towers remained standing. Even so, thedeath toll (代价) was appalling-2235 people lost their lives.I was
10、 once asked, how tall buildings should be designed given what wed learned from theWorld Trade Center collapse. My answer was, “lower“. The question of when a tall buildingbecomes unsafe is easy to answer. Common aerial fire-fighting ladders in use today are 100 feethigh and can reach to about the 10
11、th floor, so fires in buildings up to 10 stories high can be foughtfrom the exterior (外部) . Fighting fires and evacuating occupants above that height depend onfire stairs. The taller the building, the longer it will take for firefighters to climb to the scene of thefire. So the simple answer to the
12、safety question is“lower than 10 stories.“Then why dont cities impose lower height limits? A 60-story office building does not havesix times as much rentable space as a 10-story building. However, all things being equal, such abuilding will produce four times more revenue and four times more in prop
13、erty taxes. So cuttingbuilding heights would mean cutting city budgets.The most important lesson of the World Trade Center collapse is not that we should stopbuilding tall buildings but that we have misjudged their cost. We did the same thing when weunderestimated the cost of hurtling along a highwa
14、y in a steel box at 70 miles per hour. It took manyyears before seat belts, air bags, radial tires, and antilock brakes became commonplace. Atfirst, cars simply were too slow to warrant concern. Later, manufacturers resisted these expensivedevices, arguing that consumers would not pay for safety. No
15、w we do willingly.（分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph tells us that_ A. architecture is something more out of experience than out of theory B. architecture depends just as much on experience as on theory C. it is safer for people to live in old buildings D. we learn not so much from our failures as fr
16、om our success（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What can we learn from the WTC collapse? A. Although the structure of the two buildings was very strong, the death toll was still veryshocking. B. The structure of the two buildings was of the first class. C. The structure of the two buildings was not so strong as
17、people had expected. D. The structure of the two buildings was strong enough to withstand any accidents.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Ideally, the policy in city construction should be_ A. lower than ten stories B. the lower, the better C. the higher, the better D. higher than ten stories（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4)
18、.Why are there still high buildings, or even skyscrapers in many cities? A. Because they are the symbol of modem time. B. Because many cities now lack building space. C. Because high Buildings are an important financial source of a city s budget. D. Because high buildings represent the level of a co
19、untry s science and technology.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the most important lesson of the WTC collapse? A. We should wear seat belts while driving. B. We should build low buildings just as we should drive slowly. C. We should make building tall buildings illegal. D. We should pay for safety while
20、 constructing tall buildings.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、B16-20/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When I was walking down the street the other day, I happened to notice a small brownleather wallet lying on the sidewalk. I picked it up and opened it to see if I could find out theowners name. There was nothing inside it except
21、 some change and an old photograph-a pictureof a woman and a young girl about twelve years old, who looked like the woman s daughter. I putthe photograph back and took the wallet to the police station, where I handed it to the desksergeant. Before I left, the sergeant took down my name and address i
22、n case the owner might wantto write and thank me.That evening I went to have dinner with my aunt and uncle. They had also invited a youngwoman so that there would be four people at the table. Her face was familiar. I was quite sure thatwe had not met before, but I couhtnt remember where I had seen h
23、er. In the course ofconversation, however, the young woman happened to mention that she had lost her wallet thatafternoon. All at once I realized where I had seen her. She was the young girl in the photograph,although she was now much older. She was very surprised, of course, when I was able to desc
24、ribeher wallet to her. Then I explained that I had recognized her fiom the photograph I had found in thewallet. My uncle insisted on going to the police station immediately to claim the wallet. As thepolice sergeant handed it over, he said that it was amazing that I had not only found the wallet,but
25、 also the person who had lost it.（分数：10.00）(1).The wallet which the writer found_ A. was empty B. had some money in it C. had a few coins and a photograph in it D. had an old photograph in it（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The writer opened the wallet because he wanted to_in it. A. find some money B. find some
26、 gold C. find the owner s name D. find the owner s photograph（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The writer recognized the young woman because_ A. he had met her somewhere before B. she was the old woman in the photograph C. she often had dinner with his aunt and uncle D. she looked like the young girl in the phot
27、ograph（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The young woman told of her loss of the wallet_ A. at the beginning of the dinner B. during the conversation C. as soon as she saw the writer D. after the dinner（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The story was amazing because_ A. the writer found both the wallet and its owner B. the fin
28、der and the loser of the wallet were old friends C. the finder and the loser of the wallet met at the police station D. the woman knew the writer and his uncle（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、B21-25/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess,if they
29、 are properly used. If fire did not hurt when it burnt, children would play it until their handswere burnt away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear did not, a child would burn itself again andagain, because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burn it before. A reallyfearless
30、soldier-and some do exist-is not a good soldier because he is soon killed; and a deadsoldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men andanimals might soon die out.In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example, youne
31、ver go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street bya ear, you are letting fear rule you too much.Even in your house you are not absolutely safe: allairplane may crash on your house, or ants may eat away some of the beams in your roof so that thelatter fal
32、ls on you, or you may get cancer !The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead to use fear as your servant andguide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take. In many cases,you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, yo
33、u see a car comingstraight towards you; fear warns you, you jump out of the way, and all is well.In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid thedanger. For example, you cannot prevent an airplane crashing onto your house. In this case, fearhas given you its warn
34、ing; you have examined it and decided on your course, of action, so fearof this particular danger is no longer of any use to you, and you have to try to overcome it.（分数：10.00）(1).Children would play with fire until their hands were burnt away if_ A. they were given no warning beforehand B. they had
35、never burnt themselves C. they had no sense of pain D. they were fearful of the fire（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A really fearless soldier_ A. is of little use to the army B. is without equal C. is nothing but a dead soldier D. easily gets killed in a battle（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Fear should be used properly
36、because_ A. an airplane may crash on your house B. you may get cancer C. fear can only be used as a servant and guide D. men are now letting fear rule them too much（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding danger because_ A. they have gained experience B. they jump out of the
37、way in time C. they are calm in face of danger D. they are warned of the danger and can take quick action（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Implied hut not stated :_ A. Fear is always something helpful B. Too much fear is harmful C. Fear ought to be used as a servant and guide D. Fear is something unprofitable（分数
38、：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、B26-30/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they find the answer,and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical eomposition-a finding that couldhelp rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.Cream and butter cont
39、ain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour muchfaster has been a mystery. Both are emulsions-tiny globules(小球)of one liquid evenly distributedthroughout another. “The difference lies in whats in the globules and whats in the surroundingliquid“, says Brocklehurst, who led the inves
40、tigation. In cream, fatty globules drift about in asea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteriawhich make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that incream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout th
41、e mixture“, he says.When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments (密封的)buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidlyrun out of nutrients. They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. “In butter, youge
42、t a self-limiting system which stops the bacteria growing“, says Brocklehurst. The researchersare already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant tobacterial attack through alterations to the food s structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possibleto make t
43、he emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will beto do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.（分数：10.00）(1).The significance of Brocklehurst s research is that_ A. it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without pres
44、ervatives B. it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter C. it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter D. it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the researchers, cream sours faster than butter because bact
45、eria_ A. are more evenly distributed in cream B. multiply more easily in cream than in butter C. live on less fat in cream than in butter D. produce less waste in cream than in butter（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Brocklehurst, we can keep cream fresh by_ A. removing its fat B. killing the bacter
46、ia C. reducing its water content D. altering its structure（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “colonies“ ( Line 2, Para.3) refers to_ A. tiny globules B. watery regions C. bacteria communities D. little compartments（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if sal
47、ad cream can be maderesistant to bacterial attack_ A. by varying its chemical composition B. by turning it into a solid lump C. while keeping its structure unchanged D. while retaining its liquid form（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Part Three Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)B Directions:For each blank in the following pass
48、age, choose the best answer from the choices givenbelow. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by drawing with a pencil a short bar acrossthe corresponding letter in the brackets./BEducational attitudes in a country may be aU 31 /Uby which its basic cultural values arereflected. To take the American higher educationU 32 /Uexample, university classrooms sharecertain identical features though theyU 33 /Ufrom course to course i
