1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-138 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart One Vocabu(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The old couple decided to_a boy and a girl though they had three children of theirown. A. adapt B. bring C. receive D. adopt（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.The government is laying to do something to_better understanding between the
2、twocountries. A. raise B. promote C. heighten D. increase（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.The newspaper did not mention the_of the damage caused by the fire. A. range B. level C. extent D. quantity（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.The government_regulations that put this old city under protection. A. published B. issued C. disc
3、harged D. released（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Since the matter was extremely_, we dealt with it immediately. A. tough B. tense C. urgent D. instant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.h is said that John s two daughters or his wife_to the city where he had an accident. A. going B. are going C. were going D. was going（分数：2.00）
4、A.B.C.D.7._the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film. A. Having been told B. Having told C. Been told D. Telling（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.She_in the feet on her way home from work. A. was hurting B. is hurt C. hurts D. got hurt（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.Because Edgar was eonvinced of the accuracy of this f
5、act, he_his opinion. A. struck at B. strove for C. stuck to D. stood for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel. A. has witnessed B. was witnessed C. witnessed D. is witnessed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Two Readin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、B11-1
6、5/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a dayin the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Otherauthorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading
7、means of travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should becomesmaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The carof the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regard
8、less of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urbantraffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highwaysystem.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from theauto and make contact with a rail,
9、 which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically.Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and controlof the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the carsmovements.The driver will use a telephone to di
10、al instructions about his destination into the system. Thecomputer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the eorrect exitfrom the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that willwarn of his coming exit. It is estimated that
11、an automated highway will be able to handle 10000vehicles per hour, compared with the 1400 to 2000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-dayhighway.（分数：10.00）(1).One significant improvement in the future car may probably be A. its power source B. its driving system C. its monitoring system D. it
12、s seating capacity（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the author s main concern? A. How to render automobiles pollution-free? B. How to make smaller and safer automobiles? C. How to solve the problem of traffic jams? D. How to develop an automated subway system?（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What provides autos with
13、 electric power in an automated highway system? A. A rail. B. An engine. C. A retractable arm. D. A computer controller.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is_ A. keep in the right lane B. wait to arrive at his destination C. keep in constant touch with th
14、e computer center D. inform the system of his destination by phone（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the authors attitude toward the future of autos? A. Enthusiastic. B. Pessimistic. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、B16-20/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Man have often been praised by being told that they w
15、ere as smart as a Philadelphia lawyer.No one knows why there is something special about Philadelphia lawyers, but the expression“smart as a Philadelphia lawyer“ seems to have come from a famous trial early in the 18th centu-ry.An Englishman, William S. Cosby arrived in New York as the royal governor
16、 of the province.He was a tyrant. He wanted to make money quickly and he ruled the province with no thought forthe law or the rights of the people. Among those who opposed his rule was John Peter Zingcr whocame to America from Germany. Mr. Zinger started a newspaper which praised liberty and sharply
17、criticized the governor. Governor Cosby arrested Mr. Zinger, charged him with slander and kepthim in prison for 9 months. Mr. Zinger could not find a New York lawyer to defend him because ofthe governor s power. But a leading lawyer from Philadelphia agreed to defend Mr. Zinger. He wasAndrew Hamilto
18、n, white-haired and almost 80 years old.The trial opened, the jury chosen and charges read. At that time, the law on slander saidthat jury could decide only if the person accused published in the newspaper named in the charges.The question of whether words published were true or not was to he decide
19、d by the judge. Mr.Zinger told the court he was innocent. Then the lawyer from Philadelphia rose, admitted that Mr.Zinger did publish the newspaper as charged. But Mr. Hamilton continued. The publishing of anewspaper does not make a person guilty of slander. He said that words themselves must be pro
20、vedfalse or slanderous. Otherwise Mr. Zinger is innocent. The judge warned Mr. Hamilton that he, thejudge, would decide if the words were slanderous or not. Mr. Hamilton quickly turned to the juryand asked them to decide. He said that it was their right to decide whether the alleged slander wasin fa
21、ct the truth. In his final statement to the jury, Mr. Hamilton said the question was much biggerthan the charges against Mr. Zinger. He said the question was liberty and right of people to opposedishonesty and tyranny by speaking and writing the truth. After a brief discussion the jury declaredthat
22、Mr. Zinger was not guilty and cheers broke out in the courtroom. The decision established theprinciple of freedom of the press in the American Colonies. Mr. Hamilton was praised as a hero.Through the years the fame of Mr. Zinger trial and praise for Mr. Hamilton has spread throughoutthe country. And
23、 so it is believed that the expression “as smart as a Philadelphia lawyer“ honorsthe man from Philadelphia who successfully defended the freedom of the press to print the truth.（分数：10.00）(1).Many people opposed Governor Cosbys rule because_ A. he wanted to make money quickly B. he was the royal gove
24、rnor C. he was a tyrant D. they were biased（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).John Zinger was arrested_ A. because he was smart as a Philadelphia lawyer B. because he criticized the Governor in the newspaper C. because of his stupidity D. because the Governor was powerful（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the followin
25、g statements is true? A. In Mr. Hamiltons opinion, only when the words are proved slanderous can the writer ofthe words proved guilty of slander. B. Mr. Zinger was proved innocent because he criticized the tyrannical governor. C. Mr. Zinger made up stories about the governor in the newspaper. D. Nob
26、ody wanted to defend Mr. Zinger because he had come from Germany.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Mr. Hamilton was considered as a hero because A. he taught the cruel Governor Cosby a lesson B. his successful defence in the trial C. he defended the freedom of the press to print the truth D. his courage to defen
27、d for John Zinger in spite of the tyrannical Governor（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The purpose of this passage is_ A. to tell people how the principle of freedom of press was established B. to show the significance of the trial C. to tell people where the expression “as smart as a Philadelphia lawyer“ comes
28、from D. to tell people something special about the Philadelphia lawyer（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、B21-25/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue toundertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children
29、toread is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities aboutreading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying todo the impossible.“Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind an
30、d function.The function of teaching is to create the-conditions and the climate that will make it possible forchildren to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a pub-lic activity: It can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individ
31、ual does to make sense of the world of printedlanguage. Ahnost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process isnot open to public scrutiny.If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teachingthat will aid the child in the qu
32、est (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for allteaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful,enjoyable and frequent experience for children.“When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher andlearner f
33、ulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is elim-inated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children aregiven the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.（分数：10.00）(1).The problem with the read
34、ing course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that_ A. it is one of the most diffieuh school courses B. students spend endless hours in reading C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The teaching of reading will
35、be successful if_ A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “scr
36、utiny“ (Line 3, Para. 3) most probably means A. inquiry B. observation C. control D. suspicion（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when_ A. children become highly motivated B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable C. teaching help
37、s children in the search for knowledge D. reading enriches children s experience（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The main idea of the passage is that_ A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible C. reading abil
38、ity is something acquired rather than taught D. reading is more complicated than generally believed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、B26-30/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developedis unknown. They probably came about just to five children somethin
39、g to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girlswith another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play afterthe activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys a
40、ndgirls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adultworld.What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the cen-turies but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms ofcraftsmanship, me
41、chanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their de-velopment in all part of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt,the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) peoples, generally the samekinds of toys appeared. Variations depend
42、ed on local customs and ways of life because toys imitatetheir surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animalsand vehicles.Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject totechnological leaps that characterize in
43、ventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to theoxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步) .The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓)used by a baby in 3000 B. C. to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized byinventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic t
44、astes of the times and subject to the limita-tions of available materials.（分数：10.00）(1).The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with isthat A. their social roles are rigidly determined B. most boys would like to follow their fathers professions C. boys li
45、ke to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers D. they like challenging activities（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).One aspect of “the universality of toys“ lies in the fact that_ A. technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys B. the improvement of craftsmanship in making to
46、ys depends on the efforts of universities C. the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys D. the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is the authors view on the historical development of toys? A. The craf
47、tsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged. B. Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries. C. The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years. D. Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a child s character.（分数：2.00）A.B.
48、C.D.(4).Regarded as a kind of art form, toys_ A. follow a direct line of ascent B. also appeal greatly to adults C. are not characterized by technological progress D. reflect the pace of social progress（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author used the example of a rattle to show that_ A. in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materials B. even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology C. it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-making D. even a simple toy can mirr
