1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-137 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _ for living expenses. A. acceptable B. available C. advisable D. applicable（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Every man in this country has
2、 the right to live where he wants to _ the color of his skin. A. with the exception of B. in the light C. by virtue of D. regardless of（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.I hate people who _ the end of a film that you havent seen before. A. reveal B. rewrite C. revise D. reverse（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.Hes watching TV? He
3、s _ to be cleaning his room. A. known B. supposed C. regarded D. considered（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Im sure he is up to the job _ he would give his mind to it. A. if only B. in case C. until D. unless（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we
4、 _ during the day. A. should have done B. would have done C. may have done D. must have done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train. A. had been canceled B. have been canceled C. were canceled D. having been canceled（分数：2.00）A.B.
5、C.D.8.As early as 1637 Ohio made a decision that free, tax supported schools must be established in every town _ 40 households or more. A. having B. to have C. to have had D. having had（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.People appreciate _ with him because he has a good sense of humor. A. to work B. to have worked
6、C. working D. having worked（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.The man in the corner confessed to _ a lie to the manager of the company. A. have told B. be told C. being told D. having told（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)Directions:In this part there are four passages, each with four suggested answ
7、ers. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells and each of these may have a thousand connections. Such enormous numbers used to disco
8、urage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with humanlike ability, but now we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years perhaps, we will he able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can
9、 we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software (软件) or by altering the architecture but that too will happen.I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon (硅) will arise first to rival and then exceed their human ancestors
10、. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will he able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbons long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the known universe.As the intelligence of robots
11、increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination
12、of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, mancreated world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.（分数：10.00）(1).In what way can we make a machine intelligent? A. By making it work in such environme
13、nts as deserts, oceans or space. B. By working hard for 10 or 20 years. C. By either properly programming it or changing its structure. D. By reproducing it.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the writer think about machines with humanlike ability? A. He believes they will he useful to human beings. B. H
14、e believes that they will control us in the future. C. He is not quite sure in what way they may influence us. D. He doesnt consider the construction of such machines possible.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word carbon (Line 3, para. 2) stands for “ _ “. A. intelligent robots B. a chemical element C. an o
15、rganic substance D. human beings（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when _. A. its intelligence and cost are beyond question B. it is able to bear the rough environment C. it is made as complex as the human brain D. its architecture is different from that of the present
16、ones（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that _. A. after the installation of a great number of cells and connections, robots will be capable of self-reproduction B. with the rapid development of technology, people have come to realize the possibility of making a machine with hum
17、an-like ability C. once we make a machine as complex as the human brain, it will possess intelligence D. robots will have control of the vast, man-made world in space（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers in
18、the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the worlds greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,“ he told me. “They were all Jews (犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill trea
19、ted in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage, “ As a result, every Jewish parents dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.Another element in the emergence
20、of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societiesseem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours,“ says Isaac Stem, “children are ready to test their limit
21、s every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese. “Thats a good thing, because even
22、 prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.（分数：10.00）(1).Jewish parents in Eastern Europe long
23、ed for their children to attend music school because _. A. it would allow them access to a better life in the West B. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent C. they wanted their children to enter into the professional field D. it would enable the family to get better treatment in the
24、ir own country（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that _. A. enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development C. encourage people to compete with each other D
25、. promise talented children high positions（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to _. A. all round development B. the learning of Western music C. strict training of children D. variety in academic studies（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the follow
26、ing contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage? A. A natural gift. B. Extensive knowledge of music. C. Very early training. D. A prejudice free society.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. Jewish Contribut
27、ion to Music B. Training of Musicians in the World C. Music and Society D. The Making of Prodigies（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.The way people hold to the belief that a fun filled pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to hap
28、piness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marri
29、age, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (承担的义务), self-improvement.Ask a bachelor (单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fac
30、t quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the word fun to
31、 describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can
32、 devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much
33、 fun actually may not be happy at all.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _. A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage D. he
34、fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Raising children, in the authors opinion, is _. A. a moral duty B. a thankless job C. a rewarding task D. a source of inevitable pain（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems f
35、rom _. A. hatred B. misunderstanding C. prejudice D. ignorance（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).To understand what true happiness is one must _. A. have as much run as possible during ones lifetime B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain C. put up with pain under all circumstances D. be able to distin
36、guish happiness from fun（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the author trying to tell us? A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain. B. One must know how to attain happiness. C. It is important to make commitments. D. It is pain that leads to happiness.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.While still in its early stages,
37、 welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least in getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who
38、left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $ 6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percenttwice the national average.For advocates (代言人) for the poor, thats an indication much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but its not
39、 making their lives any better. “ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.A center analysis of U. S. Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their ow
40、n, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family. “
41、says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. Its beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观), which is much more important. “Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,“ then the country can ma
42、ke other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage, it can be seen that the author _. A. believes the reform has reduced the governments burden B. insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor C. is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare
43、 reform D. considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? A. Because many families are divorced. B. Because government aid is now rare. C. Because their wages are low. D. Because the cost of living is rising.（分数
44、：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _. A. greater efforts should be made to improve peoples living standards B. 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years C. 40 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare D. the living stand
45、ards of most people are going down（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _. A. saving welfare funds B. rebuilding the work ethic C. providing more jobs D. cutting government expenses（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carrie
46、d out, _. A. the poverty rate was lower B. average living standards were higher C. the average worker was paid higher wages D. the poor used to rely on government aid（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions:For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the cho
47、ices given below. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Manpower Inc, with 560,000 workers, is the worlds largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people U U 1 /U /Uinto the offices and factories of Am
48、erica, seeking a days work for a days pay. One day at a time U U 2 /U /Uindustrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive U U 3 /U /Ureducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming. U U 4 /U /Uits economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part timers and temporary workers. This “ U U 5 /U /U“ work force is the most important U
