1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-11 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.It is said that Johns two daughters or his wife to the city where he had an accident.（分数：2.00）A.goingB.are goingC.were goingD.was going2.The newspaper did not mention the _ of the damage caused by the fire.（分数：2.00）A.rangeB
2、.levelC.extentD.quantity3.The government is laying to do something to _ better understanding between the two countries.（分数：2.00）A.raiseB.promoteC.heightenD.increase4.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.（分数：2.00）A.has witnessedB.was witnessedC.witne
3、ssedD.is witnessed5._ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film.（分数：2.00）A.Having been toldB.Having toldC.Been toldD.Telling6.Since the matter was extremely _ , we dealt with it immediately.（分数：2.00）A.toughB.tenseC.urgentD.instant7.She _ in the feet on her way home from work.（分数：2.00）A.was h
4、urtingB.is hurtC.hurtsD.got hurt8.The old couple decided to _ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.（分数：2.00）A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt9.The government regulations _ that put this old city under protection.（分数：2.00）A.publishedB.issuedC.dischargedD.released10.Because Edgar
5、was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _ his opinion.（分数：2.00）A.struck atB.strove forC.stuck toD.stood for二、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-mo-distant future when all autos will be abandon
6、ed and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical,
7、and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated
8、highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of th
9、e vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the cars movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit fr
10、om the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wak for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,400 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.（分数：
11、10.00）(1).One significant improvement in the future car may probably be _.（分数：2.00）A.its power sourceB.its driving systemC.its monitoring systemD.its seating capacity(2).What is the authors main concern?（分数：2.00）A.How to render automobiles pollution-free?B.How to make smaller and safer automobiles?C
12、.How to solve the problem of traffic jams?D.How to develop an automated subway system?(3).What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?（分数：2.00）A.A rail.B.An engine.C.A retractable arm.D.A computer controller.(4).In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is
13、 _.（分数：2.00）A.keep in the right laneB.wait to arrive at his destinationC.keep in constant touch with the computer centerD.inform the system of his destination by phone(5).What is the authors attitude toward the future of autos?（分数：2.00）A.Enthusiastic.B.Pessimistic.C.Optimistic.D.Cautious.In the 1960
14、s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member“ were high. on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events,
15、 like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress-it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hu
16、ndreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Womens magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness.“ If you want to stay physically and men
17、tally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even ff stressful events are dangerous, many-hke the death of a loved one- are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away
18、 from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes were all vulner
19、able (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental s
20、train.（分数：10.00）(1).The result of Holmes-Rahes medical research tells us _.（分数：2.00）A.the way you handle major events may cause stressB.what should be done to avoid stressC.what kind of event would cause stressD.how to cope with sudden changes in life(2).The studies on stress in the early 1970s led
21、to _.（分数：2.00）A.widespread concern over its harmful effectsB.great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC.an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD.popular avoidance of stressful jobs(3).The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows _.（分数：2.00）A.how much pressure you are underB.how posi
22、tive events can change you lifeC.how stressful a major event can beD.how you can deal with life-changing events(4).Why is “such simplistic advice“ ( Line 1,Para.3) impossible to follow?（分数：2.00）A.No one can stay on the same job for long.B.No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C.People hav
23、e to get married someday.D.You could be missing opportunities as well.(5).According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become _.（分数：2.00）A.nervous when faced with difficultiesB.physically and mentally strainedC.more capable of coping with adversityD.indifferent toward what
24、happens to themSo long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities
25、about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.“Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will mak
26、e it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for lea
27、rning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索)for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make le
28、arning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.“When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is e
29、liminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.（分数：10.00）(1).The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that _.（分数：2.00）A.it is one of the most
30、 difficult school coursesB.students spend endless hours in readingC.reading tasks are assigned with little guidanceD.too much time is spent in teaching about reading(2).The teaching of reading will be successful if _.（分数：2.00）A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the studentsB.teachers can
31、 enable students to develop their own way of readingC.teachers can devise the most efficient system for readingD.teachers can make their teaching activities observable(3).The word “scrutiny“ (Line 3, Para. 3) most probably means“ _“.（分数：2.00）A.inquiryB.observationC.controlD.suspicion(4).According to
32、 the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when _.（分数：2.00）A.children become highly motivatedB.teacher and learner roles are interchangeableC.teaching helps children in the search for knowledgeD.reading enriches childrens experience(5).The main idea of the passage is that _.（分
33、数：2.00）A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to readB.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possibleC.reading ability is something acquired rather than taughtD.reading is more complicated than generally believedThere seems never to have been a civiliz
34、ation without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to five children something to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern
35、 their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks o their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they chang
36、ed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all part of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt,
37、the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Becaus
38、e toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 B
39、.C. to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.（分数：10.00）(1).The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play
40、with is that _.（分数：2.00）A.their social roles are rigidly determinedB.most boys would like to follow their fathers professionsC.boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothersD.they like challenging activities(2).One aspect of “the universality of toys“ lies in the fact that _.（分数
41、：2.00）A.technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toysB.the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universitiesC.the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toysD.the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world
42、over(3).Which of the following is the authors view on the historical development of toys?（分数：2.00）A.The craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged.B.Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries.C.The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recen
43、t years.D.Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a childs character.(4).Regarded as a kind of art form, toys _.（分数：2.00）A.follow a direct line of ascentB.also appeal greatly to adultsC.are not characterized by technological progressD.reflect the pace of social progress(5).The aut
44、hor used the example of a rattle to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materialsB.even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technologyC.it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-makingD.even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tas
45、tes of the time三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)For most kinds of activities, a large group of people can accomplish more and have more fun than one person alone. For example, politicians, businessmen, workers, andU (31) /Ucriminals know that they must join organizations in order to beU (32) /U. Since
46、there is usually strength in numbers, labor unions have a moreU (33) /Uinfluence on wages and company policy than individual workersU (34) /U. A person may also belong to social clubs and athletic teamsU (35) /Uhe or she can meet other people who are interested in the same activities.U (36) /Uyou ha
47、ve a hobby, such as playing chess, collecting coins or stamps, or playing a musical instrument, you should join a club which hasU (37) /Umeetings to talk about your activity; the otherU (38) /Uwill help you learn more about it. Of course, a group must be wellU (39) /U, or k might be a failure. All t
48、he members should work together on projects and choose good leaders to.U (40) /Utheir activities. In this way, the organization will benefit everyone in it.（分数：20.00）A.stillB.evenC.somehowD.howeverA.sociableB.interestedC.successfulD.extrovertA.powerfulB.strongC.greatD.forcingA.canB.thinkC.doD.gainA.
49、whatB.at whichC.whereD.in whichA.WhetherB.WhenC.IfD.AlthoughA.regularB.oftenC.usualD.incidentalA.clubsB.peopleC.membersD.societiesA.organizedB.setC.arrangedD.gatheredA.introduceB.showC.directD.explain四、BPart Dialogue(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.Samuel: Hey, _.Diana: I wish I could. But I really have to stay in and finish my paper tonight.Samuel: Oh, maybe some o
