1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-102 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.After a whole days heavy work, the old worker returned home, _.（分数：2.00）A.hungry and lek exhaustingB.hunger and exhaustedC.hungry and exhaustedD.hungry and having been exhausted2.We had to _ a lot of noise when the childre
2、n were at home.（分数：2.00）A.go in forB.hold on toC.put up withD.keep pace with3.Americans eat _ as they actually need every day.（分数：2.00）A.twice as much proteinB.twice protein as much twiceC.twice protein as muchD.protein as twice much4.To ones boss, an employee should dress neatly, be _ and show inte
3、rest in the job.（分数：2.00）A.instantB.timelyC.punctualD.quick5.The same factors push wages and prices up together, the one _ the other.（分数：2.00）A.emphasizingB.reinforcingC.multiplyingD.increasing6.If this kind of fish becomes _ , future generations may never taste it at all.（分数：2.00）A.minimumB.shortC.
4、seldomD.scarce7._ that Susan hadnt dared to make a sound.（分数：2.00）A.So was he absorbedB.So absorbed he wasC.So absorbed was heD.So he was absorbed8.In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to _ signs asking his “guests“ not to step on them.（分数：2.00）A.put dow
5、nB.put outC.put upD.put off9.“You are very selfish. Its high time you _ that you are not the most important person in the world,“ Edgar said to his boss angrily.（分数：2.00）A.realizedB.have realizedC.realizeD.should realize10.This crop does not do well in soils the one for which it has been specially d
6、eveloped.（分数：2.00）A.outsideB.other thanC.beyondD.rather than二、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)When I was still an architecture student, a teacher told me, “We learn more from buildings that fall down than from buildings that stand up.“ What he meant was that construction is as much the result of exper
7、ience as of theory. Although structural design follows established formulas, the actual performance of a building is complicated by the passage of time, the behavior of users, the natural elements-and unnatural events. All are difficult to simulate. Buildings, unlike cars, cant be crash-tasted.The f
8、irst important lesson of the World Trade Center collapse is that tall buildings can withstand the impact of a large jetliner. The twin towers were supported by 59 perimeter columns on each side. Although about 30 of these columns, extending from four to six floors, were destroyed in each building by
9、 the impact, initially both towers remained standing. Even so, the death toll (代价) was appalling-2,235 people lost their lives.I was once asked, how tall buildings should be designed given what wed learned from the World Trade Center collapse. My answer was, “Lower“. The question of when a tall buil
10、ding becomes unsafe is easy to answer. Common aerial fire-fighting ladders in use today are 100 feet high and can reach to about the 10th floor, so fires in buildings up to 10 stories high can be fought from the exterior (外部). Fighting fires and evacuating occupants above that height depend on fire
11、stairs. The taller the building, the longer it will take for firefighters to climb to the scene of the fire. So the simple answer to the safety question is “Lower than 10 stories.“Then why dont cities impose lower height limits? A 60-story office building does not have six times as much rentable spa
12、ce as a 10-story building. However, all things being equal, such a building will produce four times more revenue and four times more in property taxes. So cutting building heights would mean cutting city budgets.The most important lesson of the World Trade Center collapse is not that we should stop
13、building tall buildings but that we have misjudged their cost. We did the same thing when we underestimated the cost of hurtling along a highway in a steel box at 70 miles per hour. It took many years before seat beks, air bags, radial tires, and antilock brakes became commonplace. At first, cars si
14、mply were too slow to warrant concern. Later, manufacturers resisted these expensive devices, arguing that consumers would not pay for safety. Now we do willingly.（分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph tells us that _.（分数：2.00）A.architecture is something more our of experience than our of theoryB.archite
15、cture depends just as much on experience as on theoryC.it is safer for people to live in old buildingsD.we learn not so much from our failures as from our success(2).What can we learn from the WTC collapse?（分数：2.00）A.Although the structure of the two buildings was very strong, the death toll was sti
16、ll very shocking.B.The structure of the two buildings was of the first class.C.The structure of the two buildings was not so strong as people had expected.D.The structure of the two buildings was strong enough to withstand any accidents.(3).Ideally, the policy in city construction should be _.（分数：2.
17、00）A.lower than ten storiesB.the lower, the betterC.the higher, the betterD.higher than ten stories(4).Why are there still high buildings, or even skyscrapers in many cities?（分数：2.00）A.Because they are the symbol of modern time.B.Because many cities now lack building space.C.Because high buildings a
18、re an important financial source of a citys budget.D.Because high buildings represent the level of a countrys science and technology.(5).What is the most important lesson of the WTC collapse?（分数：2.00）A.We should wear seat belts while driving.B.We should build low buildings just as we should drive sl
19、owly.C.We should make building tall buildings illegal.D.We should pay for safety while constructing tall buildings.When I was walking down the street the other day, I happened to notice a small brown leather wallet lying on the sidewalk. I picked it up and opened it to see if I could find out the ow
20、ners name. There was nothing inside it except some change and an old photograph-a picture of a woman and a young girl about twelve years old, who looked like the womans daughter. I put the photograph back and took the wallet to the police station, where I handed it to the desk sergeant. Before I lef
21、t, the sergeant took down my name and address in case the owner might want to write and thank me.That evening I went to have dinner with my aunt and uncle. They had also invited a young woman so that there would be four people at the table. Her face was familiar. I was quite sure that we had not met
22、 before, but I couldnt remember where I had seen her. In the course of conversation, however, the young woman happened to mention that she had lost her wallet that afternoon. All at once I realized where I had seen her. She was the young girl in the photograph, although she was now much older. She w
23、as very surprised, of course, when I was able to describe her wallet to her. Then I explained that I had recognized her from the photograph I had found in the wallet. My uncle insisted on going to the police station immediately to claim the wallet. As the police sergeant handed it over, he said that
24、 it was amazing that I had not only found the wallet, but also the person who had lost it.（分数：10.00）(1).The wallet which the writer found _.（分数：2.00）A.was emptyB.had some money in itC.had a few coins and a photograph in itD.had an old photograph in it(2).The writer opened the wallet because he wante
25、d to _ in it.（分数：2.00）A.find some moneyB.find some goldC.find the owner s nameD.find the owners photograph(3).The writer recognized the young woman because _.（分数：2.00）A.he had met her somewhere beforeB.she was the old woman in the photographC.she often had dinner with his aunt and uncleD.she looked
26、like the young girl in the photograph(4).The young woman told of her loss of the wallet _.（分数：2.00）A.at the beginning of the dinnerB.during the conversationC.as soon as she saw the writerD.after the dinner(5).The story was amazing because _.（分数：2.00）A.the writer found both the wallet and its ownerB.
27、the finder and the loser of the wallet were old friendsC.the finder and the loser of the wallet met at the police stationD.the woman knew the writer and his uncleFear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess, if they are properly used. If fire did not hur
28、t when it burnt, children would play it until their hands were burnt away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear did not, a child would burn itself again and again, because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burn it before. A really fearless soldier-and some do exist-is not a g
29、ood soldier because he is soon killed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might soon die out.In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example, you never go out of your house because
30、of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. Even in your house you are not absolutely safe: an airplane may crash on your house, or ants may eat away some of the beams in your roof so that the latter falls on you, or you may get canc
31、er!The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take. In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, you see a car coming straight t
32、owards you; fear warns you, you jump out of the way, and all is well.In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For example, you cannot prevent an airplane crashing onto your house. In this case, fear has given you its warning; you have examined it
33、and decided on your course, of action, so fear of this particular danger is no longer of any use to you, and you have to try to overcome it.（分数：10.00）(1).Children would play with fire until their hands were burnt away if _.（分数：2.00）A.they were given no warning beforehandB.they had never burnt themse
34、lvesC.they had no sense of painD.they were fearful of the fire(2).A really fearless soldier _.（分数：2.00）A.is of little use to the armyB.is without equalC.is nothing but a dead soldierD.easily gets killed in a battle(3).Fear should be used properly because _.（分数：2.00）A.an airplane may crash on your ho
35、useB.you may get cancerC.fear can only be used as a servant and guideD.men are now letting fear rule them too much(4).People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding danger because _.（分数：2.00）A.they have gained experienceB.they jump out of the way in timeC.they are calm in face of dangerD.they are warne
36、d of the danger and can take quick action(5).Implied but not stated: _.（分数：2.00）A.Fear is always something helpfulB.Too much fear is harmfulC.Fear ought to be used as a servant and guideD.Fear is something unprofitableWhy does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they find the ans
37、wer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical composition-a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsions-tiny gl
38、obules (小球) of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another. “The difference lies in whats in the globules and whats in the surrounding liquid“, says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation. In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are lock
39、ed away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture“, he says.When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments (密封仓) buried de
40、ep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients. They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. “In butter, you get a self-limiting system which stops the bacteria growing“, says Brocklehurst. The researchers are already wo
41、rking with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the foods structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while
42、keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump,（分数：10.00）(1).The significance of Brocklehursts research is that _.（分数：2.00）A.it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservativesB.it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butterC.it revealed the secret of how bac
43、teria multiply in cream and butterD.it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition(2).According to the researchers, cream sours faster than butter because bacteria _.（分数：2.00）A.are more evenly distributed in creamB.multiply more easily in cream than in butterC.live on less fat in
44、 cream than in butterD.produce less waste in cream than in butter(3).According to Brocklehurst, we can keep cream fresh by _.（分数：2.00）A.removing its fatB.killing the bacteriaC.reducing its water contentD.altering its structure(4).The word “colonies“(Line 2, Para.3) refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.tiny globul
45、esB.watery regionsC.bacteria communitiesD.little compartments(5).Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack _.（分数：2.00）A.by varying its chemical compositionB.by turning it into a solid lumpC.while keeping its structure unc
46、hangedD.while retaining its liquid form三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Educational attitudes in a country may be aU (31) /Uby which its basic cultural values are reflected. To take the American higher educationU (32) /Uexample, university classrooms share certain identical features though theyU (33) /
47、Ufrom course to course in some aspects. Any student,U (34) /Utheir ethnic and social background, is not only allowed but also encouraged to have chances for active participation in class.U (35) /U, teachers often expect independent learningU (36) /Utheir students. It will be most appreciated if a st
48、udent canU (37) /Uthe initiative and complete the assignment without too muchU (38) /Uupon his or her instructors. These twoU (39) /Ufeatures in American university classrooms actually manifest the basic American values, especially self-reliance andU (40) /Uof opportunity.（分数：20.00）A.methodsB.meanC.
49、meansD.measureA.as anB.for anC.asD.theA.varyB.deferC.differsD.diversifiedA.without regard ofB.with regard toC.regardless ofD.regardless toA.HoweverB.MoreoverC.WhereasD.OtherwiseA.withB.ofC.forD.toA.doB.makeC.takeD.playA.independenceB.helpC.guidanceD.dependenceA.commonB.similarC.differentD.alikeA.unityB.equalityC.inequalityD.variety四、BPart
