1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-101 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：12.50)As our van pulled up to the ranch (牧场) to start a three-month program for troubled boys, we passed a cowboy on his horse. Bill was the owner of the ranch. We made eye contact through the dusty window and he w
2、inked (挤眼睛) at me and touched the brim of his cowboy hat in welcome. All summer long Bill and his ranch-hands taught us to ride horses, chop wood, and round up cattle. We started to understand the value of working with our hands. Knowing how important it was for boys like me to know that someone bel
3、ieved in them, he trusted us to do the job and do it right. We never let him down. The last day at the ranch, Bill pulled me aside and praised me for the work I had donenot only on the ranch, but also on myself. He told me if I ever needed anything I could count on him. Four years later, I took him
4、up on that offer. I called him up and asked for a job. I told him how his confidence in me had given me the courage to change my life. He offered me a job on the spot. I“m proud to say that each summer I“m the one in the ranch to open the gate for a van full of young men who need someone to believe
5、in them, so they can learn to believe in themselves.（分数：12.50）(1).The author“s first impression of Bill was probably his _.（分数：2.50）A.seriousnessB.friendlinessC.authorityD.generosity(2).The author implies what the troubled boys needed most was _.（分数：2.50）A.strict guidance in proper behaviorB.challen
6、ging demand in hard workC.sympathy and tolerance from adultsD.understanding and trust from others(3).By “Four years later, I took him up on that offer“ (Para. 4), the author means that _.（分数：2.50）A.he admired Bill for that offerB.he offered Bill help in returnC.he accepted Bill“s offerD.he remembere
7、d Bill“s offer(4).The author“s pride comes from the fact that _.（分数：2.50）A.he has become the owner of the ranchB.he has earned complete trust from BillC.he has found a way to support himselfD.he has been able to offer help to others(5).Through his own experience, the author tries to tell us somethin
8、g important in _.（分数：2.50）A.interpersonal relationshipB.off-campus educationC.career selectionD.self-discipline三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：12.50)Do people stop once they have achieved something? No! In life, we are always trying to do things better or having more of the same success. Jane Fonda moved from
9、being an Academy Award actress to a successful businesswoman. Her aerobics (有氧体操) workout videos have been sold around the world. Athletes are constantly making greater and greater efforts to lower time for races; increase heights or distances. The world of medicine has had its series of successes t
10、oo. Christian Barnard performed several successful heart transplants. Other medical experts have achieved organ transplants. Throughout the ages, mankind has found treatment and cures for tuberculosis (肺结核), cancer, and other diseases. A cure of ADS might soon be discovered. Age does not seem to slo
11、w down achievers. Tina Turner at 54 is still singing with great energy and attracting sell-out crowds wherever she goes. At work, we go all out for achievements too. Success may mean organizing a conference more effectively and efficiently each year. Sometimes, it is not a pat on the back or the pro
12、motion that makes it worthwhile. Often it is the inner thrill and satisfaction of achievement, no matter how small it may be. Aiming for success doesn“t mean you are greedy or dissatisfied. It is all part of gaining new experiences and dimensions in life. It finally makes you a more interesting and
13、useful person in society.（分数：12.50）(1).The author uses Jane Fonda as an example to show that _.（分数：2.50）A.women can be successful as wellB.beautiful actresses are likely to be successfulC.successful people are not satisfied with their achievementsD.real successful people need to stand out in more th
14、an one field(2).The motivation for people“s desire to succeed is _.（分数：2.50）A.praise from othersB.material wealthC.a sense of importanceD.a sense of achievement(3).The word “dimensions“ in the last paragraph possibly means _.（分数：2.50）A.directionsB.aspectsC.lessonsD.ambitions(4).What is the author“s
15、attitude towards people“s desire for success?（分数：2.50）A.Approving.B.Disapproving.C.Unclear.D.Critical.(5).What might be a proper title for this passage?（分数：2.50）A.Success Is No Destination.B.Success Comes the Hard Way.C.A Small Success Also Counts.D.Everyone Can Be Successful.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：12
16、.50)The night is not what it was. Once, the Earth was cast half in shadow. Then came fire, candle, and light bulb, gradually drawing back the curtain of darkness. But a brighter world has its drawbacks. An estimated 30 percent of outdoor lightingplus even some indoor lightingis wasted. Inefficient l
17、ighting costs U.S. about $10.4 billion a year, according to Bob Gent of the International Dark-Sky Association, a nonprofit that aims to control light pollution. Last year in Sydney, an estimated 2.2 million Australians switched off their lights during “Earth Hour“, briefly reducing that city“s ener
18、gy use by more than 10 percent. Motivated by such trends, more than two dozen cities worldwide went dim on March 29 this year in an hour-long demonstration. A number of groups are trying to measure light pollution and assess its effects on the environment in the hope that people will reduce their ow
19、n contribution to the problem. Scientists aye trying to report how many stars we can see. In dark rural areas, about 2,000 stars are typically visible at night, compared with “maybe five“ in a bright city squareand about 5,000 in centuries past. People who are working while others are star-gazing ma
20、y face the greatest risks. Nighttime exposure to white light can cause the growth of tumors (肿瘤), experiments show. Two decades of research indicate that women who work night shifts have unusually high rates of breast cancer.（分数：12.50）(1).The word “drawbacks“ in the first paragraph probably means _.
21、（分数：2.50）A.benefitsB.interestsC.effectsD.problems(2).The International Dark-Sky Association is an organization that _.（分数：2.50）A.strongly opposes outdoor lighting serviceB.has lost some money in energy tradeC.has profited from the lighting businessD.makes efforts to reduce light pollution(3).On Marc
22、h 29 this year, people in many cities around the world _.（分数：2.50）A.turned out some lights for an hourB.organized an event to have some funC.held a demonstration called “Earth Hour“D.joined together to compete with Australians(4).Scientists counted the number of stars（分数：2.50）A.to illustrate the imp
23、act of light pollutionB.to compare air quality in different areasC.to see how the sky has changed with timeD.to arouse public interest in space(5).People who work at night _.（分数：2.50）A.lose the chance to gaze starsB.have a higher risk of health problemC.have less exposure to white lightD.are to blam
24、e for light pollution五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：12.50)Male advertisers Female advertisers 1 MALE, aged 25, WLTM female, n/s, 20-30 for friendship, possible romance. I like pubs, clubs, staying in, as well as going out. I A FEMALE, 26, prof, fairly slim, WLTM a slim male, 26-33, for friendship and possible
25、 romance live in the Windsor area and to get on well with kids 2 IF you are not separated or emotionally unstable but are a widow over 55 increase heights or distances. The world of medicine has had its series of successes too. Christian Barnard performed several successful heart transplants. Other
26、medical experts have achieved organ transplants. Throughout the ages, mankind has found treatment and cures for tuberculosis (肺结核), cancer, and other diseases. A cure of ADS might soon be discovered. Age does not seem to slow down achievers. Tina Turner at 54 is still singing with great energy and a
27、ttracting sell-out crowds wherever she goes. At work, we go all out for achievements too. Success may mean organizing a conference more effectively and efficiently each year. Sometimes, it is not a pat on the back or the promotion that makes it worthwhile. Often it is the inner thrill and satisfacti
28、on of achievement, no matter how small it may be. Aiming for success doesn“t mean you are greedy or dissatisfied. It is all part of gaining new experiences and dimensions in life. It finally makes you a more interesting and useful person in society.（分数：12.50）(1).The author uses Jane Fonda as an exam
29、ple to show that _.（分数：2.50）A.women can be successful as wellB.beautiful actresses are likely to be successfulC.successful people are not satisfied with their achievements D.real successful people need to stand out in more than one field解析：解析 应该看出，本文的第一段说明一种观点：成功之人还会争取再成功；第二段用 Jane Fonda的实例来说明这个观点。A
30、 项的“women”和 B 项的“beautiful actresses”并不包含在第一段的概念之中所以错误；D 项的意思过于绝对，所以错误。只有 C 项的意思最符合第一段的观点，即成功之人不会满足于现状。(2).The motivation for people“s desire to succeed is _.（分数：2.50）A.praise from othersB.material wealthC.a sense of importanceD.a sense of achievement 解析：解析 本文的第二、三、四、五段用 4 个实例说明第一段的观点。而第六段涉及了这道题的答案。
31、其依据句是该段最后一个句子“Often it is the inner thrill and satisfaction of achievement, no matter how small it may be”，与 D 项意思一致。其他选项的内容在文章中找不到依据。(3).The word “dimensions“ in the last paragraph possibly means _.（分数：2.50）A.directionsB.aspects C.lessonsD.ambitions解析：解析 “dimensions”在这里意思为“方面”，与“aspects”意思相近。(4).Wh
32、at is the author“s attitude towards people“s desire for success?（分数：2.50）A.Approving. B.Disapproving.C.Unclear.D.Critical.解析：解析 本题的依据句在文章的最后一段，其观点非常明显：肯定人们取得成功的愿望。B 项和 D项意思基本一致，都表示否定的意思，所以应该首先排除。C 项意思为“不明确”，也不符合最后一段的意思。(5).What might be a proper title for this passage?（分数：2.50）A.Success Is No Destin
33、ation. B.Success Comes the Hard Way.C.A Small Success Also Counts.D.Everyone Can Be Successful.解析：解析 本题为文章大意理解题，其实体现的是文章第一段的中心思想。难点在于考生要知道“destination(目的地)”一词的意思。A 项的意思是“成功无止境”。其他选项的意思都不能完整体现本文的主题。四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：12.50)The night is not what it was. Once, the Earth was cast half in shadow. Then
34、came fire, candle, and light bulb, gradually drawing back the curtain of darkness. But a brighter world has its drawbacks. An estimated 30 percent of outdoor lightingplus even some indoor lightingis wasted. Inefficient lighting costs U.S. about $10.4 billion a year, according to Bob Gent of the Inte
35、rnational Dark-Sky Association, a nonprofit that aims to control light pollution. Last year in Sydney, an estimated 2.2 million Australians switched off their lights during “Earth Hour“, briefly reducing that city“s energy use by more than 10 percent. Motivated by such trends, more than two dozen ci
36、ties worldwide went dim on March 29 this year in an hour-long demonstration. A number of groups are trying to measure light pollution and assess its effects on the environment in the hope that people will reduce their own contribution to the problem. Scientists aye trying to report how many stars we
37、 can see. In dark rural areas, about 2,000 stars are typically visible at night, compared with “maybe five“ in a bright city squareand about 5,000 in centuries past. People who are working while others are star-gazing may face the greatest risks. Nighttime exposure to white light can cause the growt
38、h of tumors (肿瘤), experiments show. Two decades of research indicate that women who work night shifts have unusually high rates of breast cancer.（分数：12.50）(1).The word “drawbacks“ in the first paragraph probably means _.（分数：2.50）A.benefitsB.interestsC.effectsD.problems 解析：解析 注意本依据句的第一个词“But”，体现前后概念相
39、反的规律。前面为正面观点，后面肯定为负面概念。另外，第二段的整个内容都具体说明照明方面的问题。所以，可以肯定“drawback”为负面概念，与“problem(问题)”意思相近。(2).The International Dark-Sky Association is an organization that _.（分数：2.50）A.strongly opposes outdoor lighting serviceB.has lost some money in energy tradeC.has profited from the lighting businessD.makes effo
40、rts to reduce light pollution 解析：解析 本题属于细节信息题。只需注意题干中的专有名词“International Dark-Sky Association”在文章中出现的地方，就能很容易确定其依据句是紧跟其后的“a nonprofit that aims to control light pollution”，与 D 项意思一致。其他选项的内容都属于无关信息或错误信息。(3).On March 29 this year, people in many cities around the world _.（分数：2.50）A.turned out some lig
41、hts for an hour B.organized an event to have some funC.held a demonstration called “Earth Hour“D.joined together to compete with Australians解析：解析 本题也是细节信息题。可以利用题干中出现的时间概念“March 29”为信号词，在文章中找到本题的依据句“Motivated by such trends, more than two dozen cities worldwide went dim on March 29 this year in an ho
42、ur-long demonstration”。在这里“went dim”=“turned off lights”。其他选项的意思在该依据句中没有涉及。(4).Scientists counted the number of stars（分数：2.50）A.to illustrate the impact of light pollution B.to compare air quality in different areasC.to see how the sky has changed with timeD.to arouse public interest in space解析：解析 本
43、题的依据句是文章倒数第二段“A number of groups are trying to measure light pollution and assess its effects on the environment in the hope that people will reduce their own contribution to the problem. Scientists aye trying to report how many stars we can see.”。在这里，“effects”一词与 A 项的“impact”意思相近，“light pollution”也
44、出现在 A 项中，所以可以确定 A 项为正确答案。其他选项均为错误信息或无关信息。(5).People who work at night _.（分数：2.50）A.lose the chance to gaze starsB.have a higher risk of health problem C.have less exposure to white lightD.are to blame for light pollution解析：解析 本题的依据句为文章最后一段“People who are working while others are stargazing may face
45、the greatest risks. Nighttime exposure to white light can cause the growth of tumors(肿瘤), experiments show”，与 B 项内容一致。其他选项为错误信息或无关信息。五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：12.50)Male Female advertisers advertisers 1 MALE, aged 25, WLTM female, n/s, 20-30 for friendship, possible romance. I like pubs, clubs, staying i
46、n, as well as going A FEMALE, 26, prof, fairly slim, WLTM a slim male, 26-33, for friendship and possible romance out. I live in the Windsor area and to get on well with kids 2 IF you are not separated or emotionally unstable but are a widow over 55 B ACTIVE lady, living in Maidstone area, early 60s
47、 WLTM females or males & looking for partner with view to long-term meaningful relationship, then this 67 years old widower could be the one for you for friendship and to hare interests, mostly travel 3 HL, C ARE I“m Andy, 32s and divorced. A happy-go-lucky person looking for a lady between 25 and 4
48、0. Single parents welcome as I love children you the romantic, friendly, articulate male with varied interests and a GSOH that this woman is looking for? If so and you“re 40ish-and a home life 50ish but feeling 30ish then we will have a lot in common 4 MALE, 50s, caring, & sincere, with a GSOH, seek
49、s an affectionate lady for friD LADY, 40s, fairly slim, seeks a kind, generous, warm-hearted man, about endship, possible romance same age, for friendship and outings 5 I am an energetic man of 63, but don“t look it. I have a good head of hair. I like country E HELLO. my name is Liz. I am 19 years old and live in the Cambridge area. I am seeking a male 20-and western music and historical places, walking, a pint now and again. I“m still working part-time, but I don
