1、工商(经企)管理硕士入学考试(GMAT)-1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Verbal(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.In recent years the climate has been generally cool in northern Asia. But during periods when the average daily temperature and humidity in northern Asia were slightly higher than their normal levels the yields of most cro
2、ps grown there increased significantly. In the next century, the increased average daily temperature and humidity attained during those periods are expected to become the norm. Yet scientists predict that the yearly yields of most of the region“s crops will decrease during the next century. Which on
3、e of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent paradox in the information above?（分数：2.50）A.Crop yields in southern Asia are expected to remain constant even after the average daily temperature and humidity there increase from recent levelsB.Any increases in temperature and humidity
4、would be accompanied by higher levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is vital to plant respirationC.The climate in northern Asia has generally been too cool and dry in recent years for populations of many crop insect pests to become establishedD.In many parts of Asia, the increased annual prec
5、ipitation that would result from warmer and wetter climates would cause most edible plant species to flourishE.The recent climate of northern Asia prevents many crops from being farmed there during the winter2.Essayist: The existence of a moral order in the universei.e., an order in which bad is alw
6、ays eventually punished and good rewardeddepends upon human souls being immortal. In some cultures this moral order is regarded as the result of a karma that controls how one is reincarnated, in others it results from the actions of a supreme being who metes out justice to people after their death.
7、But however a moral order is represented, if human souls are immortal, then it follows that the bad will be punished. Which one of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the essayist“s reasoning?（分数：2.50）A.From the assertion that something is necessary to a moral order the argument conclu
8、des that that thing is sufficient for an element of the moral order to be realizedB.The argument takes mere beliefs to be established factsC.From the claim that the immortality of human souls implies that there is a moral order in the universe, the argument concludes that there being a moral order i
9、n the universe implies that human souls are immortalD.The argument treats two fundamentally different conceptions of a moral order as essentially the sameE.The argument“s conclusion is presupposed in the definition it gives of a moral order3.Speakers of the Caronian language constitute a minority of
10、 the population in several large countries. An international body has recommended that the regions where Caronian-speakers live be granted autonomy as an independent nation in which Caronian-speakers would form a majority. But Caronian-speakers live in several widely scattered areas that cannot be u
11、nited within a single continuous boundary while at the same time allowing Caronian-speakers to be the majority population. Hence, the recommendation cannot be satisfied. The argument relies on which one of the following assumptions?（分数：2.50）A.A nation once existed in which Caronian-speakers formed t
12、he majority of the populationB.Caronian-speakers tend to perceive themselves as constituting a single communityC.The recommendation would not be satisfied by the creation of a nation formed of disconnected regionsD.The new Caronian nation will not include as citizens anyone who does not speak Caroni
13、anE.In most nations several different languages are spoken4.Found in caves with the bones of australopithecines, which are thought by some to be ancient ancestors of the human species, were great collections of animal bones. From the frequencies of types of bones, it can be seen that many bones repr
14、esented only parts of animals that must have died elsewhere. The australopithecines thus must have been mighty hunters, to have brought home so much meat. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion drawn above?（分数：2.50）A.The australopithecines sometimes moved from cave to
15、 cave for shelter and did not remain in one cave for a lifetimeB.The australopithecine bones found in the caves were those of adult males, adult females, and juvenilesC.Evidence of the use of fire was absent from the caves in which the collections of bones were foundD.Marks on the bones, including t
16、he bones of the australopithecines, are consistent with teeth marks of large catlike animals of the periodE.The bones in the cave did not include bones of an elephant like animal that existed in the area at the time of the australopithecines5.According to a recent cross-cultural study, married peopl
17、e in general have longer life expectancies than do people who divorce and do not remarry. This fact indicates that the stress associated with divorce adversely affects health. Which of the following, if true, points to a weakness in the argument above?（分数：2.50）A.Overall life expectancies differ amon
18、g countries, even among countries with similar culturesB.People often show signs of stress when undergoing a divorceC.Life expectancy varies with age-group, even among married peopleD.Stress of many kinds has been shown to affect health adverselyE.Adults who have never married have shorter life expe
19、ctancies than do married people of the same age6.A new law gives ownership of patentsdocuments providing exclusive right to make and sell an inventionto universities, not the government, when those patents result from government-sponsored university research. Administrators at Logos University plan
20、to sell any patents they acquire to corporations in order to fund programs to improve undergraduate teaching. Which of the following, if true, would cast most doubt on the viability of the college administrators“ plan described above?（分数：2.50）A.Profit-making corporations interested in developing pro
21、ducts based on patents held by universities are likely to try to serve as exclusive sponsors of ongoing university research projectsB.Corporate sponsors of research in university facilities are entitled to tax credits under new federal tax-code guidelinesC.Research scientists at Logos University hav
22、e few or no teaching responsibilities and participate little if at all in the undergraduate programs in their fieldD.Government-sponsored research conducted at Logos University for the most part duplicates research already completed by several profit-making corporationsE.Logos University is unlikely
23、 to attract corporate sponsorship of its scientific research7.The senator has long held to the general printable that no true work of art is obscene and thus that there is no conflict between the need to encourage free artistic expression and the need to protect the sensibilities of the public from
24、obscenity. When well-known works generally viewed as obscene are cited as possible counterexamples, the senator justifies accepting the principle by saying that if these works really are obscene then they cannot be works of art. The senator“s reasoning contains which one of the following errors?（分数：
25、2.50）A.It seeks to persuade by emotional rather than intellectual meansB.It contains an implicit contradictionC.It relies on an assertion of the senator authorityD.It assumes what it seeks to establishE.It attempts to justify a position by appeal to an irrelevant consideration8.Do strong electric cu
26、rrents, by means of the electromagnetic fields that accompany them, cause cancer in people who live and work nearby? Telephone line workers, who work near such currents every day, can provide a test case. They show elevated levels of brain cancer; therefore, the hypothesis of electromagnetic causati
27、on is supported. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?（分数：2.50）A.Burying power lines and other measures to protect the public from such electromagnetic fields would be prohibitively expensiveB.Telephone line workers are exposed to levels of chemical solvents high enou
28、gh to cause brain cancerC.High exposure to strong electromagnetic fields is correlated with a slightly higher-than-normal incidence of childhood leukemia, which is a form of cancerD.Public health officials who found that a group of different illnesses in people living near a power substation could n
29、ot reliably be attributed to its electromagnetic field were accused of covering up the factsE.Telephone line workers, like most people have electrical appliances at home, and most electrical appliances, when turned on, are surrounded by an electromagnetic field of some measurable level9.Spiders of m
30、any species change color to match the pigmentation of the flowers they sit on. The insects preyed on by those spiders, unlike human beings, possess color discrimination so acute that they can readily see the spiders despite the seeming camouflage. Clearly, then, it must be in evading their own preda
31、tors that the spiders“ color changes are useful to them. Which of the following, if tree, most strengthens the argument?（分数：2.50）A.Among the animals that feed on color-changing spiders are a few species of bat, which find their prey through sound echoesB.Certain animals that feed on color-changing s
32、piders do so only sparingly in order to keep from ingesting harmful amounts of spider venomC.Color-changing spiders possess color discrimination that is more acute than that of spiders that lack the ability to change colorD.Color-changing spiders spin webs that are readily seen by the predators of t
33、hose spidersE.The color discrimination of certain birds that feed on color-changing spiders is no more acute than that of human beings10.When cut, the synthetic material fiberglass, like asbestos, releases microscopic fibers into the air. It is known that people who inhale asbestos fibers suffer imp
34、airment of lung function. A study of 300 factory workers who regularly cut fiberglass showed that their lung capacity is, on average, only 90 percent of that of a comparable group of people who do not cut fiberglass. The statements above, if tree, most strongly support which of the following hypothe
35、ses?（分数：2.50）A.People who work with fiberglass are likely also to work with asbestosB.Fiberglass fibers impair lung function in people who inhale themC.Fiberglass releases as many fibers into the air when cut as does asbestosD.Coarse fibers do not impair lung function in people who inhale themE.If u
36、ncut, fiberglass poses no health risk to people who work with it11.The greatest chance for the existence of extraterrestrial life is on a planet beyond our solar system. The Milky Way galaxy alone contains 100 billion other suns, many of which could be accompanied by planets similar enough to Earth
37、to make them suitable abodes of life. The statement above assumes which of the following?（分数：2.50）A.Living creatures on another planet would probably have the same appearance as those on EarthB.Life cannot exist on other planets in our solar systemC.If the appropriate physical conditions exist, life
38、 is an in evitable consequenceD.More than one of the suns in the galaxy is accompanied by an Earth-like planetE.It is likely that life on another planet would require conditions similar to those on Earth12.Armtech, a temporary-employment agency, previously gave its employees 2. 5 paid vacation days
39、after each 700 hours worked. Armtech“s new policy is to give its employees 5.0 paid vacation days after each 1,200 hours worked. Therefore, this new policy is more generous to Armtech employees in giving them more vacation days per hour worked than the old policy did. Which of the following is an as
40、sumption on which the argument depends?（分数：2.50）A.Most current Armtech employees approve of the company“s new vacation policyB.A few Armtech employees leave the company before having worked 700 hoursC.Most Armtech employees were not aware that the company planned to change its vacation policy until
41、after it had already done soD.A significant portion of Armtech employees stay with the company long enough to work for 1,200 hoursE.Armtech“s new vacation policy closely matches the vacation policies of competing temporary employment agencies13.When a group of children who have been watching televis
42、ion programs that include acts of violence is sent to play with a group of children who have been watching programs that do not include acts of violence, the children who have been watching violent programs commit a much greater number of violent acts in their play than do the children who have been
43、 watching nonviolent programs. Therefore, children at play can be prevented from committing violent acts by not being allowed to watch violence on television. The argument in the passage assumes which one of the following?（分数：2.50）A.Television has a harmful effect on societyB.Parents are responsible
44、 for the acts of their childrenC.Violent actions and passive observation of violent actions are not relatedD.There are no other differences between the two groups of children that might account for the difference in violent behaviorE.Children who are treated violently will respond with violence14.A
45、freight elevator can carry a maximum load of 1200 pounds. Sean, who weighs 200 pounds, is in the elevator with two packages weighing 150 pounds and 280 pounds. If he needs to fit three more packages in the elevator that weigh as much as possible without exceeding the elevator limit, what is the diff
46、erence between their average and the average of the two packages already in the elevator?（分数：2.50）A.25B.85C.190D.215E.21015.Although spinach is rich in calcium, it also contains large amounts of oxalic acid, a substance that greatly impedes calcium absorption by the body. Therefore, other calcium-co
47、ntaining foods must be eaten either instead of or in addition to spinach if a person is to be sure of getting enough calcium. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?（分数：2.50）A.Rice, which does not contain calcium, counteracts the effects of oxalic acid on calcium
48、absorptionB.Dairy products, which contain even more calcium than spinach does, are often eaten by people who eat spinach on a regular basisC.Neither the calcium nor the oxalic acid in spinach is destroyed when spinach is cookedD.Many leafy green vegetables other than spinach that are rich in calcium
49、 also contain high concentrations of oxalic acidE.Oxalic acid has little effect on the body“s ability to absorb nutrients other than calcium16.Psychological maladjustment in children is caused by the stress of the birthing process as is proved by the discovery of a positive relationship between the duration of the mother“s labor and the amount of time the child spent crying in the first month of life. Which of the following, if true, LEAST damages the author“s assertion?（分数：2.50）A.There is no relationship between the amount of time spent crying and psychological maladjustmentB.Behavior ind
