1、复旦大学考博英语-3 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART Vocabula(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _ the welfare of his animals.（分数：0.50）A.critical aboutB.indignant atC.indifferent toD.subject to2.Your kindness in giving _ to the co
2、nsideration of the above problem will be highly appreciated.（分数：0.50）A.importanceB.advantageC.priorityD.authority3.We can surely _ all difficulties that may come up.（分数：0.50）A.get onB.come overC.get overD.come across4.He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to _
3、 the consequences.（分数：0.50）A.answer forB.run intoC.abide byD.step into5.It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with _ .（分数：0.50）A.for longB.in and outC.once for allD.by nature,6.However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _ some of th
4、e decline in the iron and steel industry.（分数：0.50）A.overturnB.overtakeC.offsetD.oppress7.I tried very hard to persuade him to join our groups but I met with flat _ .（分数：0.50）A.disapprovalB.rejectionC.refusalD.decline8.Most great artists are exceptionally _ people.（分数：0.50）A.sensitizedB.sensitiveC.se
5、nselessD.sensory9.He came back later, _ which time they had left.（分数：0.50）A.afterB.byC.fromD.for10.The good harvest _ the price of strawberries.（分数：0.50）A.brought downB.cut outC.arose fromD.added to11.Peter will _ as managing director when Bill retires.（分数：0.50）A.take offB.take overC.take toD.take u
6、p12.It is strictly _ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.（分数：0.50）A.securedB.forbiddenC.regulatedD.determined13.To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must _ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market demand.（分数：0.50）A.
7、improveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear14.Fresh fruits and vegetables are generally less expensive when they are in _ .（分数：0.50）A.saleB.needC.seasonD.time15.Jack _ to the manager for the mistakes he had made.（分数：0.50）A.excusedB.pardonedC.forgaveD.apologized16.Giorgio, now fifteen, and Lucia, also in her t
8、eens, were reaching the _ of their adolescence.（分数：0.50）A.crisisB.criterionC.causalityD.credibility17.The designing of a satellite in the heavenly environment is _ an easy job.（分数：0.50）A.by all meansB.by any meansC.by every meansD.by no means18.The International Olympic Committee rejects the accusat
9、ions that Beijings budget-cutting move might _ its preparation for the games.（分数：0.50）A.degradeB.deliberateC.deployD.defend19.Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be _ with everyone who comes to the store.（分数：0.50）A.acceptedB.admittedC.admiredD.acquainted20.It is wel
10、l-known that the retired workers in our country are _ free medical care.（分数：0.50）A.entitled toB.involved inC.associated withD.assigned to21.The wealth of a country should be measured _ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.（分数：0.50）A.in line withB.in ter
11、ms ofC.in regard toD.in case of22.Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in _ and lack of unity in style.（分数：0.50）A.conflictB.confrontationC.disturbanceD.disharmony23.The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern state
12、s in which it once _ .（分数：0.50）A.thrivedB.swelledC.prosperedD.flourished24.Big businesses enjoy certain _ that smaller ones do not have.（分数：0.50）A.transactionsB.privilegesC.subsidiesD.substitutes25.He _ very quickly after his illness.（分数：0.50）A.recoveredB.discoveredC.uncoveredD.covered26.One of the
13、wrong notions about science is that many scientific discoveries have come about _ .（分数：0.50）A.accordinglyB.accidentallyC.artificiallyD.additionally27.At first Jackie prayed, frozen in fear, but gradually his terror _ curiosity.（分数：0.50）A.put up withB.lived up toC.did away withD.gave way to28.This wa
14、tch is _ to all the other watches on the market（分数：0.50）A.superiorB.advantageousC.superD.beneficial29.The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.（分数：0.50）A.compelledB.posedC.pressedD.tempted30._ scientists have observed inc
15、reased pollution in the water supply.（分数：0.50）A.LateB.LaterC.LatterD.Lately二、BPART Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark corresponding letter on Answe
16、r Sheet I with a single line through the center.There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to five children something to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most
17、girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of t
18、he adult world.What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development
19、in all part of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的)peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly ever
20、y civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is
21、 a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle(拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.（分数：10.00）(1).
22、The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that _ .（分数：2.00）A.their social roles are rigidly determinedB.most boys would like to follow their fathers professionsC.boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothersD.they like challeng
23、ing activities(2).One aspect of “the universality of toys“ lies in the fact that _ .（分数：2.00）A.technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toysB.the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universitiesC.the exploration of the universe has led to the c
24、reation of new kinds of toysD.the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over(3).Which of the following is the authors view on the historical development of toys?（分数：2.00）A.The craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged.B.Toys have remained basically the same all th
25、rough the centuries.C.The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years.D.Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a childs character.(4).Regarded as a kind of art form, toys _ .（分数：2.00）A.follow a direct line of ascentB.also appeal greatly to adultsC.are not
26、 characterized by technological progressD.reflect the pace of social progress(5).The author used the example of a rattle to show that _ .（分数：2.00）A.in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materialsB.even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technologyC.it often takes a long time t
27、o introduce new technology into toy-makingD.even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the timeThe biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 10
28、0 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones.RTCA, an organiza
29、tion which advises the aviation (航空) industry, has recommended that all airlines ban (禁止) such devices from being used during “critical“ stages of light, particularly take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these dev
30、ices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights.The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields mig
31、ht affect an aircrafts computers. Experts know that portable devices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interferen
32、ce might be dangerous or not.The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable (易受损的) to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio system in order to damage navigation equipment. As worrying, though, is the passenger who cant hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the musics too
33、 loud.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about _ .（分数：2.00）A.a new regulation for all airlinesB.the defects of electronic devicesC.a possible cause of aircraft crashesD.effective safety measures for air flight(2).What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?（分数：2.00）A.The
34、y may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems.B.They may have taken place during take-off and landing.C.They were proved to have been caused by the passengers portable computers.D.They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference.(3).Few airlines want to impose a tot
35、al ban on their passengers using electronic devices because _ .（分数：2.00）A.they dont believe there is such a danger as radio interferenceB.the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be provedC.most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette playersD.t
36、hey have other effective safety measures to fall back on(4).Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplanes computers?（分数：2.00）A.Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane.B.Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are
37、 liable to be interfered with.C.Because research scientists have not been to produce the same effects in labs.D.Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that the author _ .（分数：2.00）A.is in favor of prohibiting passengers use of electronic de
38、vices completelyB.has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interferenceC.hasnt formed his own opinion on this problemD.regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flightThe rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinkin
39、g cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U. S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the worlds top five
40、 public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming ore sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-thir
41、d of U. S. companies, It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has ne
42、ver been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshalls U. S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage conversely, some European firms have
43、 half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Fi
44、nancial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign“ would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global
45、 communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, U. S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because _ .（分数：2.00）A.an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations com
46、paniesB.shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologiesC.the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U. S.D.increased efforts of other countries in public relations(2).London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because _ .（分数：2.00）A.British companies are
47、 more ambitious than U. S. companiesB.British companies place more importance on PR than U. S. companiesC.British companies are heavily involved in planning activitiesD.four of the worlds top public relations agencies are British-owned(3).The word “provincial“ (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means “
48、 _ “（分数：2.00）A.limited in outlookB.like people from the provincesC.rigid in thinkingD.interested in world financial affairs(4).We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry _ .（分数：2.00）A.speak at least one foreign language fluentlyB.are ignorant about world geographyC.
49、are not as sophisticated as their European counterpartsD.enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications(5).What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?（分数：2.00）A.American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.B.The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.C.People working in PR should be mo
