1、会计硕士专业学位联考英语(二)-3 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use Englis(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In the late 1960“s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists point 1 that a cluster of tall buildings in a cit
2、y often overburden public transportation and parking lot 2 Skyscrapers are also enormous 3 , and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition 4 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the 5 daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowattsenough to 6
3、 the entire city of Albany for a day. Glass-walled skyscraper can be especially 7 The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times 8 through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain 9 heating and air-conditioning equipment, 10 of
4、 skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses 11 with silver or gold mirror films that reduce 12 as well as heat gain. However, 13 skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and 14 neighboring buildings. Skyscrapers put severe pressure on a city“s
5、 sanitation 15 , too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.15 million gallons of raw sewage each yearas 16 as a city the size of Stamford, Connecticut, which has a 17 of more than 109,000. Skyscrapers also 18 with television reception, block bi
6、rd flyways, and obstruct air traffic. Still, people 19 to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built thempersonal ambition and the 20 of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.（分数：10.00）A.atB.toC.outD.towardsA.powerB.capacitiesC.potentialsD.capabilitiesA.
7、saversB.consumersC.losersD.spendersA.ofB.inC.toD.atA.pointB.topC.summitD.peakA.distributeB.giveC.supplyD.donateA.thriftyB.economicC.prosperousD.wastefulA.thatB.thoseC.whichD.whenA.toB.betweenC.onD.bothA.foundersB.consumersC.buildersD.suppliersA.coatedB.filledC.powderedD.stainedA.brightnessB.lightC.g
8、lareD.gazeA.glass-walledB.plastic-walledC.concrete-walledD.mirror-walledA.affectB.assistC.protectD.benefitA.decorationsB.utensilsC.facilitiesD.appliancesA.moreB.muchC.fewD.littleA.populationB.peopleC.mankindD.raceA.interveneB.interfereC.interruptD.obstacleA.stopB.pauseC.continueD.terminateA.wishB.de
9、sireC.secretD.promise二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)New ice core samples taken from the centre of the Greenland ice-sheet have given a detailed record of the last “interglacial period (间冰期)“ which range from about 135,000 to 115,000 years ago. The c
10、ores, taken from a depth of 2,780 to 2,870 metres, show that during this period the climate oscillated (摆动) between three stages instead of remaining in one, as in the whole of recorded human history. The middle stage was like our own, but the others were either much colder or warmer. Worse, it seem
11、s that the climate flipped from one condition to another very rapidly. “It apparently took very little time, perhaps less than a decade or two, to shift between the stages,“ Dr. J. CW. White of the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research at the University of Colorado wrote earlier this year in the s
12、cientific journal, Nature. “We humans have built a remarkable socio-economic system during perhaps the only time when it could be built, when the climate was stable enough to let us develop the agricultural infrastructure (基础设施) required to maintain an advanced society.“ We do not know why we have b
13、een so blessed. But if the Earth had an operating manual, the chapter on climate might begin with a warning that the system has been adjusted at the factory for optimum comfortso don“t touch the dials. Unfortunately, we have been “twiddling the knobs (旋钮)“ for decades. In December 1995 the official
14、Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC), which represents the work of 2,000 top meteorologists from around the world, concluded that global warming due to human activities is probably already taking place. Global warming sounds deceptively favorable to inhabitants of countries which curren
15、tly experience harsh winters. In fact, with global warming, the world would struggle to cope with the effects of even a steady, gradual warming. This was spelt out to members of the British Royal Society by Sir John Houghton, chairman both of Britain“s Royal Commission of Environmental Pollution and
16、 of one of the main IPCC working groups. Houghton put forward the IPCC picture of seas flooding much of Egypt, Southern China and Bangladesh, making “many millions“ of people homeless; of hordes of “environmental refugees“ and of wars breaking out over dwindling (becoming gradually smaller) fresh wa
17、ter supplies, as world rainfall patterns changed. There is at least a chance that the world could adapt to steady warming if it happened slowly enough. However, many scientists, believe that even this prediction from the IPCC is too cautious.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true according
18、 to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The climate in recorded human history has generally remained stableB.The climate from about 135,000 to 115,000 years ago was in an extremely cold stateC.The human race has been lucky to have enjoyed the most favorable period of climate for them to build a socio-economic sy
19、stemD.The evidences scientists collected from the ice cores suggest that a civilization cannot have arisen in the period from about 135,000 to 115,000 years ago(2).According to the passage, the sentence “But if the Earth. for optimum comfort“ (in the 3rd paragraph) means _.（分数：2.00）A.there is an uns
20、een hand controlling the earth“s movementB.there is an operating manual warning people against air-conditioning in the factoryC.people should prepare operating manuals to tell workers how to get greater comfortD.people have been enjoying the most comfortable climate in Earth“s history(3).What does “
21、we have been “twiddling the knobs“ for decades“ mean?（分数：2.00）A.We have been changing the climate with thoughtless actions for decadesB.We have been handling machines with poor skills for decadesC.We have been following a misleading chapter about the earth for decadesD.We have been mistaken in the b
22、elief in developing the agricultural infrastructure(4).It can be inferred from the passage that global warming is _.（分数：2.00）A.harmfulB.irrelevantC.favorableD.desirable(5).According to the author, IPCC pictures put forward by Houghton shows _.（分数：2.00）A.effects of global warmingB.causes of global wa
23、rmingC.examples of human damage to the environmentD.instances of natural disasters threatening human existence五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Is it any wonder that America is also a country of dangerously overweight people? According to a recent study by the National Center for Health Statistics, the number
24、 of adults characterized as overweight in the United States has jumped to an astonishing one-third of the population. Overweight in this case means being about 20 percent or more above a person“s desirable weight. Since the figures for “desirable weight“ have moved upward over the last decade or so,
25、 total poundageeven at 20 percent overmay be considerable. So are the attendant health risks. Excess weight has been linked to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, adult-onset diabetes and some forms of cancer, among other diseases. Once, when work and school and the grocery store were a two-mile h
26、ike away, Americans could afford the calories they consume. But not now, not when millions spend four or five hours a day in front of a TV setalong with a bag of chips, a bowl of buttered popcorn and a six-packand there“s a car or two in every driveway. “There is no commitment to obesity (肥胖) as a p
27、ublic health problem,“ said Dr. William Dietz, director of clinical nutrition at the New England Medical Center in Boston. “We“ve ignored it, and blamed it on gluttony and sloth.“ If one definition of a public health problem is its cost to the nation, then obesity qualifies. According to a study don
28、e by Dr. Graham a Colditz, who teaches at Harvard Medical School, it cost America an estimated $68.8 billion in 1990. But what“s wrong blaming it on gluttony and sloth? True, some unfortunate overweight people have an underlying physical or genetic problem. But for most Americans, the problem is wit
29、h two of the seven deadly sins. Losing weight is a desperately difficult business. Preventing gain, however, is not. Consumer information is everywhere, and there can be few adults who truly believe that hot dogs, fries, a soda and a couple of Twinkies make a good lunch. But they eat them anyway. As
30、 more and more Americans became educated to the risks of smoking, more and more Americans gave up the habit. Now it appears that Americans need an intensive education in the risks of stuffing themselves and failing to exercise as well. Given the seductiveness of chocolate and cheese, the couch and t
31、he car, that habit will be hard to break. But if an ounce of prevention can obviate a pound of fat, it is well worth the struggle.（分数：10.00）(1).The author sets up the standard of overweight people based on the fact that _.（分数：2.00）A.the number of overweight people has astonishingly increasedB.people
32、 have a different idea about their desirable weight nowC.overweight becomes a threat to people“s healthD.the overweight problem has long been studied(2).By saying “So are the attendant health risks“ (Line 1, Para. 3), the author means _.（分数：2.00）A.America suffers health risks as well as the overweig
33、ht problemB.health risks resulted from overweight are serious tooC.overweight is classified as one of the health problemsD.people have also pay much attention to the possible health risks(3).What does William Dietz think of overweight? A. Overweight should be treated as a public health problem. B. O
34、verweight should be attributed to gluttony and sloth. C. Overweight has much to do with nutritional problems. D0 Overweight has nothing to do with the overuse of cars.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Most Americans believe that _.（分数：2.00）A.the overweight problem has cost the nation muchB.obesity is related to
35、one“s physical conditionsC.people who are overweight are unfortunateD.gluttony and sloth are two deadly sins(5).In order to solve the overweight problem, the author suggests that everyone need to_.（分数：2.00）A.be taught to prevent gaining weightB.be educated to lose weight effectivelyC.seek help from
36、consumer informationD.know what makes a healthy dinner六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Talk to any parent of a student who took an adventurous gap year (a year between school and university when some students earn money, travel, etc) and a misty look will come into their eyes. There are some disasters and ev
37、en the most motivated, organized gap student does require family back-up, financial, emotional and physical. The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experience that has matured their kids; it is vicarious living. We all wish pre-university gap years had been the fashion in our day. We
38、 can see how much tougher our kids become; how much more prepared to benefit from university or to decide positively that they are going to do something other than a degree. Gap years are fashionable, as is reflected in the huge growth in the number of charities and private companies offering them.
39、Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped, but the trend has been gathering steam for a decade. The range of gap packages starts with backpacking, and includes working with charities, building hospitals and schools and, very commonly, working as a language assistant, teaching English.
40、With this trend, however, comes a danger. Once parents feel that a well-structured year is essential to their would-be undergraduate“s progress to a better university, a good degree, an impressive CV and well-paid employment, as the gap companies“ blurbs (产品推介) suggest it might be, then parents will
41、 start organizing and paying for the gaps. Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies“ umbrella organization, the Year Out Group, it is usually because of poor planning. That can be the fault of the company or of the student, he says, but the best insurance
42、 is thoughtful preparation. “When people get it wrong, it is usually medical or, especially among girls, it is that they have not been away from home before or because expectation does not match reality. “ The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the th
43、ing that he or she fancies. The 18-year-old, who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks“ notice to Canada to learn to be a snowboarding instructor at a cost of 5,800, probably came back with little more than a hangover. The 18-year-old on the same package who worked for his fare and spent the re
44、st of his year instructing in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland, and came back to apply for university, is the positive counterbalance.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that parents of gap students may _.（分数：2.00）A.help children to be prepared for disastersB.receive all
45、 kinds of support from their childrenC.have rich experience in bringing up their offspringD.experience watching children grow up(2).According to the Para. 2, when it comes to gap years, _.（分数：2.00）A.the popularity of gap years results from an increasing number of charitiesB.Prince William was workin
46、g hard during his gap yearC.gap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years agoD.a well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success(3).The word “packages“ (Line 3, Para. 2) means _.（分数：2.00）A.parcels carried in travelingB.a comprehensive set of activitiesC.something presented in
47、 a particular wayD.charity actions(4).What can cause the disasters of gap years?（分数：2.00）A.Intervention of parentsB.Careful planningC.Good healthD.Realistic expectation(5).An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year when he/she _.（分数：2.00）A.lives up to his/her parents“ expectationsB.spe
48、nds time being lazy and doing nothingC.learns skills by spending parents“ moneyD.earns his/her living and gains working experience七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. T
49、his has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them i
