1、会计硕士专业学位联考英语(二)-12 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use Englis(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Kelly Sortino had a tough time recalling what she“d accomplished at the end of each busy workday. Her job as head of the upper school for the Crystal Springs Uplands School in Hillsborough, Calif, often 1 working 12-ho
2、ur days, including weekends and evenings. She enjoyed the 2 but worried that she wasn“t accomplishing everything she needed to. “I felt as if I wasn“t really having the time to do more of the strategic and 3 work to make those larger changes at the school.“ says Ms. Sortino. She decided to 4 a works
3、hop at Stanford University on how to simplify work processes and reduce waste. She learned, 5 , to block out her time more efficiently and minimize distractions. She also 6 herself to systematically completing her daily task list and to completely clearing her email inbox and workspace on a regular
4、7 . The changes 8 a marked improvement in her time management. Ms. Sortino 9 works on weekends, but only as needed. It“s a tough time to be productive. Globalization, increased competition and the jarring immediacy of technology have made it difficult for modern employees to 10 on top of their growi
5、ng workloads while maintaining a good work-life balance. 11 , experts say small adjustments to how employees 12 work can have a big impact on their workplace efficiency. Learn to prioritize and to commit yourself to working in 12 blocks of time throughout the day. A 2009 Stanford University study fo
6、und that multitasking is less productive than single-tasking and that many self-proclaimed multitaskers have difficulty 13 out irrelevant information, further 14 their performance. It“s especially important to 15 what motivates the decisions your boss makes. Most subordinates have an employee-centri
7、c view 16 their managers, which tends not to be accurate. A better understanding of your boss can help you to “sell“ the advice about 17 changes that can benefit the department and company. 18 with your boss to prioritize important work and eliminate unproductive tasks. Employees may think changing
8、job functions is risky, 19 being proactive can impress your boss.（分数：10.00）A.requiredB.forcedC.compelledD.requestedA.titleB.overtimeC.recallD.workA.complicatedB.visioningC.importantD.regularA.participateB.haveC.startD.takeA.by the wayB.in factC.for exampleD.in particularA.contributeB.commitC.askD.al
9、lowA.scaleB.amountC.basisD.timeA.madeB.followedC.meantD.producedA.stillB.alsoC.seldomD.sometimesA.relaxB.competeC.stayD.workA.BesidesB.ThereforeC.FortunatelyD.OtherwiseA.stick toB.think aboutC.start withD.take overA.uninterruptedB.individualC.countableD.separatedA.figuringB.findingC.pickingD.filteri
10、ngA.increaseB.diminishC.accumulateD.destroyA.guessB.understandC.collectD.imagineA.inB.onC.forD.ofA.processB.timeC.staffD.systemA.AccompanyB.OperateC.FollowD.WorkA.butB.andC.soD.unless二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Oversize cupids in pink, furry outf
11、its hand out heart-shaped balloons with “I Do“ written on them (in English) at a wedding-themed trade fair in Beijing. Vendors offer romantic photo-shoots of couples under water, personalised wedding cigarettes, and biscuits with names. An emphasis on love is a new addition to Chinese weddingsand sh
12、ines a pink-filtered spotlight on social change. For centuries, marriage in China was about ensuring heirs for the groom“s family. Both the groom“s and the bride“s family exchanged money or goods. The more money changed hands, the more opulent the wedding. In 1949, frugality was imposed. Dowries con
13、sisted of necessities like bed linen or a bicycle. But since the 1980s the extravagance of weddings has matched the country“s rise. Celebrations moved out of homes into hotels. Brides swapped traditional red dresses for white ones. A large industry has emerged to serve the 13 million couples who man
14、y each year. Wedding planners are increasingly common, particularly in cities. A decade ago Cosmo Bride, an American owned lifestyle magazine, launched a Chinese-language edition in China. An average wedding cost $12,000 in 2011the equivalent of more than two years“ income for the average urban hous
15、ehold. An increase in the average marriage age by 2.5 years since 1990 has given parents (who still usually pay for weddings, despite the earning power of their children) more time to save up. The change in wedding also reflects a fundamental shift in society. For the first time in the history of Ch
16、inese family life, the childrather than ancestors or parentsis regarded as the centre of the family, says Yan Yunxiang of the University of California, Los Angeles. Most newly-weds now are single children, born since the one-child policy was introduced more than 30 years ago. Parents have more to sp
17、end if they only have to afford one wedding. William Jankowiak of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, who has documented relationships in China for 30 years, says love plays a larger part in young people“s livesboth in choice of partner and in their relationships with parents. The result is evident
18、 in weddings, which now focus on the couple. Both sets of parents are represented, but their position is peripheral. Weddings often feature a day of wedding photos, shot before the event, with the couple in a range of outfits against romantic backgrounds, but with no family members.（分数：10.00）(1).The
19、 wedding-themed trade fair in Beijing is used to _.（分数：2.00）A.show the popularity of cupids and balloons on Chinese weddingsB.introduce the service that vendors provide for married couplesC.compare two different wedding stresses: on form and on loveD.illustrate the change of wedding focus and Chines
20、e society(2).The word “opulent“ (Para. 2) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.extravagantB.fortunateC.traditionalD.joyous(3).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about weddings?（分数：2.00）A.There has been more extravagant weddings since the 1980s.B.Wedding planning industry has ap
21、peared in cities.C.Parents paying for weddings have 2.5 years for preparation.D.One-child parents will pay more for the wedding.(4).The last sentence “Weddings often.no family members“ implies that couples _.（分数：2.00）A.are the focus of the weddingB.don“t welcome family members“ arrivalC.seldom expre
22、ss their love to parentsD.aren“t accompanied by family members when taking wedding photos(5).Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?（分数：2.00）A.Wedding planners enjoy great popularity especially in cities.B.How does the development of society change Chinese weddings?C.Th
23、e relationships with partner are superior to the ones with parents.D.What procedures do most newly-weds have to follow in weddings?五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Institutions of higher learning must move, as the historian Walter Russell Mead puts it, from a model of “time served“ to a model of “stuff learn
24、ed.“ Because increasingly the world does not care what you know. Everything is on Google. The world only cares, and will only pay for, what you can do with what you know. And therefore it will not pay for a C-plus in chemistry, just because your state college considers that a passing grade and was w
25、illing to give you a diploma. We“re moving to a more competency-based world, where there will be less interest in how you acquired the competency and more demand to prove that you mastered the competency. Therefore, we have to get beyond the current system of information and deliverythe professorial
26、 “sage on the stage“ and students taking notes, followed by a superficial assessment, to one in which students are asked and empowered to master more basic material online at their own pace, and the classroom becomes a place where the application of that knowledge can be honed through lab experiment
27、s and discussions with the professor. There seemed to be a strong consensus that this “blended model“ combining online lectures with a teacher-led classroom experience was the ideal. Last fall, San Jose State used the online lectures and interactive exercises of MIT“s introductory online Circuits an
28、d Electronics course. Students would watch the MIT lectures and do the exercises at home. Then in class, the first 15 minutes were reserved for questions and answers with the San Jose State professor, and the last 45 were devoted to problem-solving and discussion. Preliminary numbers indicate that t
29、hose passing the class went from nearly 60 percent to about 90 percent. We demand that plumbers and kindergarten teachers be certified to do what they do, but there is no requirement that college professors know how to teach. No more . The world of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) is creating a c
30、ompetition that will force every professor to improve his or her pedagogy or face an online competitor. Bottom line: There is still huge value in the residential college experience and the teacher-student and student-student interactions it facilitates. But to thrive, universities will have to nurtu
31、re even more of those unique experiences while blending in technology to improve education outcomes in measurable ways at lower costs. We still need more research on what works, but standing still is not an option.（分数：10.00）(1).Institutions of higher learning must shift models because the world care
32、s _.（分数：2.00）A.the knowledge you have acquired in the collegeB.the time you put into study and actionC.the way you master the learning abilityD.the things you can handle with your knowledge(2).Which of the following does the current system of information and delivery in higher education NOT include?
33、（分数：2.00）A.Students write down the key points.B.Professors give online lectures.C.A simple assessment about teaching is made.D.Professors give lectures in the front of classroom.(3).According to Paragraph 3, we can learn that online lectures in San Jose State last fall _.（分数：2.00）A.took an hour for
34、each lectureB.were followed by classroom experiencesC.surpassed classroom experiences in teaching effectD.were the first step to get a degree in Circuits and Electronics course(4).What does the author mean by “No more“ in Paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.College professors are forced to improve his pedagogy.B
35、.There is no competition among college students.C.Teaching capacity of college professors can be assessed.D.There is no need for plumbers and kindergarten teachers to obtain certification.(5).The most appropriate title for this text would be _.（分数：2.00）A.Future of Education is in Online LearningB.Co
36、lleges Teachers Should Take a Back SeatC.We Should Move the Research on Education forwardD.Information Technology Promote Students“ Learning六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In a famous lab trial, a chimp named Sultan put two interlocking sticks together and pulled down a bunch of bananas hanging just out of
37、arm“s reach. Nearly a century later, eager tourists have conducted their own version of the experiment. Equipped with the camera extender known as a selfie stick, they can now reach for flattering CinemaScope selfies wherever they go. Art museums have watched this development nervously, fearing dama
38、ge to their collections or to visitors, as users swing their sticks. Now they are taking action. One by one, museums across the United States have been imposing bans on using selfie sticks for photographs inside galleries (adding them to existing rules on umbrellas, rucksacks, tripods and monopods),
39、 yet another example of how controlling overcrowding has become part of the museum mission. The Hirshhorn Museum in Washington prohibited the sticks this month, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston plans to impose a ban. In New York, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has been studying the matt
40、er for some time, has just decided that it, too, will forbid selfie sticks. “From now on, you will be asked quietly to put it away,“ said Sree Sreenivasan, the chief digital officer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “It“s one thing to take a picture at arm“s length, but when it is three times arm“s
41、 length, you are invading someone else“s personal space.“ The personal space of other visitors is just one problem. The artwork is another. “We do not want to have to put all the art under glass,“ said Deborah Ziska, the chief of public information at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, which
42、 has been quietly enforcing a ban on selfie sticks but is in the process of adding it formally to its printed guidelines for visitors. Last but not least is the threat to the camera operator, intent on capturing the perfect shot and oblivious to the surroundings. “If people are not paying attention
43、in the Temple of Dendur, they can end up in the water with the crocodile sculpture,“ Mr. Sreenivasan said. “We have so many bal conies you could fall from, and stairs you can trip on.“（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the author suggests that _.（分数：2.00）A.Sultan is as smart as human beingsB.tour
44、ists are easy to indulge in self-pityC.nowadays people use selfie sticks to get things out of reachD.camera extenders are useful to people as interlocking sticks to Sultan(2).Recently, the newly-added items that are banned by museums in the US are _.（分数：2.00）A.backpacksB.umbrellasC.selfie sticksD.su
45、pporting equipment for cameras(3).That US museums impose bans on using selfie sticks reaveals that _.（分数：2.00）A.visitors are overcrowded in museumsB.existing rules don“t workC.museums are taking actionD.people like to wave the sticks(4).According to Sree Sreenivasan, when selfie-stick users take pic
46、tures, they _.（分数：2.00）A.should keep quietB.may be easily distractedC.cannot stretch arms three timesD.capture the shots of balconies and stairs(5).Selfie sticks have been baned in case of all the following problems EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.invasion of personal spaceB.damage to the artworkC.waste of prin
47、ted guidelinesD.danger to camera users七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Yawning can be a problem at the office for Lindsay Eierman, which makes her embarrassed. “I“ve explained, “I“m sorry, I didn“t get much sleep last night,“ says Ms Eierman, a 26-year-old social worker from Durham, North Carolina. But a lac
48、k of sleep may not be the problem. Researchers are starting to unravel the mystery surrounding the yawn, one of the most common and often embarrassing behaviours. Yawning, they have discovered, is much more complicated than previously thought. Although all yawns look the same, they appear to have ma
49、ny different causes and to serve a variety of functions. Yawning is believed to be a means to keep our brains alert in times of stress. Contagious yawning appears to have evolved in many animal species as a way to protect family and friends, by keeping everyone in the group vigilant. Changes in brain chemistry trigger yawns, which typically last about six seconds and often occur in clusters. To unravel the mystery of yawning, scientists built upon early, observed clues. Yawning tends to occur more in summer. Most people yawn upo
