1、MBA（英语）-试卷 1 及答案解析(总分：168.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：21，分数：42.00)1.Section I VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHE
2、ET 1.（分数：2.00）_2.The exhibition of paintings bored me to death. I wish I _ to it.（分数：2.00）A.have not goneB.did not goC.had not goneD.could not have gone3.There is some evidence _ dishonesty may ebb and flow.（分数：2.00）A.whyB.howC.whenD.that4.No longer are contributions to computer technology confined
3、to any one country; _ is this more true than in Europe.（分数：2.00）A.hardlyB.littleC.seldomD.nowhere5.It seems to me that the main requirement of an international language is that it _ easily learned.（分数：2.00）A.can beB.beC.must beD.is6.Whatever the causes, English is currently more widely spoken and wr
4、itten than any other language（分数：2.00）A.ever wasB.has ever beenC.had ever beenD.would ever be7.The company management attempted to _ information that was not favorable to them, but it was all in vain.（分数：2.00）A.supplementB.suppressC.plugD.concentrate8.State financial support given _ scholarships has
5、 stimulated the students to greater efforts.（分数：2.00）A.in case ofB.in the form ofC.in view ofD.by means of9.In the darkness, it is difficult for us to _ the tower from the other buildings around it.（分数：2.00）A.distinguishB.divideC.separateD.discover10.If _ and lodging are included in educational fees
6、, a university student in the U.S. will need approximately $10,000 a year.（分数：2.00）A.mealB.boardC.foodD.provisions11.Some useful ideas were suggested while the social committee was _ about the clubs program for the coming season.（分数：2.00）A.discussingB.quarrellingC.arguingD.disputing12.To our _, Geof
7、frey“s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.（分数：2.00）A.anxietyB.reliefC.viewD.judgment,13.Despite all the heated _ they had, they remained the best of friends throughout their lives.（分数：2.00）A.viewpointsB.standpointsC.differencesD.arguments14.Built _ natural materials, the houses are
8、 believed to be warm, comfortable and friendly places to live.（分数：2.00）A.fromB.withC.byD.in15.The lawyer advised him to drop the _, since he stands little chance to win.（分数：2.00）A.caseB.eventC.affairD.incident16.She _ some important details in her account, which aroused the police“s suspicion.（分数：2.
9、00）A.left offB.left outC.left forD.left over17.The manager was very pleased with the increased _ from the factory last month.（分数：2.00）A.outcomeB.outlineC.outputD.outset18.You would be _ a risk to let your child go to school by himself.（分数：2.00）A.omittingB.attachingC.affordingD.running19.The newcomer
10、 was _ admittance to the classroom for not being properly dressed.（分数：2.00）A.rejectedB.deniedC.opposedD.refused20.It is estimated that, currently, about 50000 species become _ every year.（分数：2.00）A.extinctB.instinctC.distinctD.intense21.David likes country life and has decided to _ farming.（分数：2.00）
11、A.go in forB.go back onC.go along withD.go through with二、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：80.00)22.Section II ClozeDirections: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choices the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（分数：40.00）_In the late 1960“s, ma
12、ny people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointing (21) that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot (22) . Skyscrapers are also enormous (2
13、3) , and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition (24) 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the (25) daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts- enough to (26) the entire city of Albany for a day. Glass-wailed skyscraper can be especial
14、ly (27) . The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times (28) through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain (29) heating and air-conditioning equipment, (30) of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, an
15、d reflective glasses (31) with silver or gold mirror films that reduce (32) as well as heat gain. However, (33) skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and (34) neighboring buildings. Skyscrapers put severe pressure on a city“s sanitation (35) , too. If fully occupied, the two World
16、 Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage each year-as (36) as a city the size of Stamford, Connecticut, which has a (37) of more than 109,000. Skyscrapers also (38) with television reception, block bird flyways, and obstruct air traffic. Still, pe
17、ople (39) to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built them-personal ambition and the (40) of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.（分数：40.00）A.atB.toC.outD.towardsA.powerB.capacitiesC.potentialsD.capabilitiesA.saversB.consumersC.losersD.spendersA.ofB.i
18、nC.toD.atA.pointB.topC.summitD.peakA.distributeB.giveC.supplyD.donateA.thriftyB.economicC.prosperousD.wastefulA.thatB.thoseC.whichD.whenA.toB.betweenC.onD.bothA.foundersB.consumersC.buildersD.suppliersA.coveredB.filledC.powderedD.stainedA.brightnessB.lightC.glareD.gazeA.glass-walledB.plastic-walledC
19、.concrete-walledD.mirror-walledA.affectB.assistC.protectD.benefitA.decorationsB.furnitureC.facilitiesD.appliancesA.manyB.muchC.fewD.littleA.populationB.peopleC.mankindD.raceA.interveneB.interfereC.interruptD.obstacleA.stopB.pauseC.continueD.terminateA.wishB.desireC.secretD.promise三、Reading Comprehen
20、sio(总题数：5，分数：38.00)23.Section III Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1._One of the most pressing challenges that the United States-and indeed, the world-will face in th
21、e next few decades is how to alleviate the growing stress that human activities are placing on the environment. The consequences are just too great to ignore. Wildlife habitats are being degraded or disappearing altogether as new developments take up more land. Plant and animal species are becoming
22、extinct at a greater rate now than at any time in Earth“s history. As many as 30 percent of the world“s fish stocks are overexploited. And the list goes on. Yet, there is reason to have hope for the future. Advances in computing power and molecular biology are among the tremendous increases in scien
23、tific capability that are helping researchers gain a better understanding of these problems. Recent developments in science and technology could provide the basis for some major, and timely actions that would improve our understanding of how human activities affect the environment. One priority for
24、research is improving hydrological forecasting. It has been estimated that the world“s water use could triple in the next two decades. Already, widespread water shortages have occurred in parts of China, India, North Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. The need for water also is taking its toll on fr
25、eshwater ecosystems in the United States. Only 2 percent of the nation“s streams are considered in good condition, and close to 40 percent of native fish species are rare to extinct. Using a variety of new remote sensing tools, scientists can learn more about how precipitation affects water levels,
26、how surface water is generated and transported, and how changes in the landscape affect water supplies. To prevent outbreaks of infectious diseases in plants, animals, and humans, more study is needed on how pathogens, parasites, and disease-carrying species-as well as humans and other species they
27、infect-are affected by changes in the environment. The overuse of antibiotics both in humans and in farm animals has contributed to the growth of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Researchers can take advantage of new technologies in genetics and computing to better monitor and predict the effect
28、s that environmental changes might have on disease outbreaks. Humans have made alterations to Earth“s surface-such as tropical deforestation, reduction of surface and ground water, and massive development-so dramatic that they approach the levels of transformation that occurred during glacial period
29、s. Such alterations cause changes in local and regional climate, and will determine the future of agriculture. Recent advances in data collection and analysis should be used to document and better understand the causes and consequences of changes in land cover and use.（分数：10.00）(1).The sentence “And
30、 the list goes on.“ (Para. 1) is used to suggest that（分数：2.00）A.there are many more ways in which humans are hurting the environment.B.environmental degradation is continuing unabated.C.the total of animal and plant species facing extinction are too numerous to list.D.in addition to fish, many other
31、 plant and animal species face over-exploitation by humans.(2).The poor condition of streams in the U.S. can be attributed to（分数：2.00）A.overfishing of native fish species.B.lack of up-to-date monitoring equipment.C.the demand for water in the U.S.D.the global water shortage.(3).Which of the followin
32、g does the author NOT suggest as an important area for research?（分数：2.00）A.How precipitation affects water levels.B.How to prevent outbreaks of infectious diseases.C.How urban development affects the environment.D.How the industrial pollution impacts the environment.(4).The last paragraph implies th
33、at（分数：2.00）A.local and regional climates have not fluctuated so much since the glacial periods.B.the future of agriculture depends on how land usages affect climate.C.until recently, very little information was documented about changes and consequences of land usage.D.current human transformations o
34、f the land surface is of almost unprecedented scale.(5).Throughout the passage, the author mainly emphasizes（分数：2.00）A.the need for more federal funding of environmental scientific research.B.the role of science in alleviating environmental degradation.C.the role technology could play in environment
35、al research.D.the extent of damage humans have wrought on the environment.Most human beings actually decide before they think. When any human beingexecutive, specialized expert, or person in the streetencounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly h
36、as he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action? Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how intelligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course
37、 of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themselves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it. A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack
38、of support for the chosen course of action on the part of the “losing“ faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn“t end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the decision later, or to reopen th
39、e debate at later meetings. There is a better way. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, “It isn“t who is right, but what is right, that counts.“ The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer tec
40、hnology, the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it“s possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never march. The structured-inquiry pro
41、cess introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn“t possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it“s possible
42、to organize the experts“ information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group; it“s a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they
43、must base their decisions.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph we can learn that_.（分数：2.00）A.executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the streetB.very few people decide before they thinkC.those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do soD.people tend to consi
44、der carefully before making decisions(2).Judging from the context, what does the word “them“ (line 4, paragraph 2) refer to?（分数：2.00）A.Decision makers.B.The “losing“ faction.C.Anger, resentment, and jealousy.D.Other people.(3).Aldous Huxley“s remark (paragraph 3) implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.there is a
45、subtle difference between right and wrongB.we cannot tell who is right and what is wrongC.what is right is more important than who is rightD.what is right accounts for the question who is right(4).According to the author, the function of the structured-inquiry method is_.（分数：2.00）A.to make decision
46、by debateB.to apply the Internet and wireless computer technologyC.to brake on the thinking process, slowing it downD.to create a level of conceptual clarity(5).The structured-inquiry process can be useful for_.（分数：2.00）A.decision makersB.intelligence analysis meetingC.the experts“ informationD.mark
47、eting focus groupsScience is an enterprise concerned with gaining information about causality, or the relationship between cause and effect. A simple example of a cause is the movement of a paddle as it strikes a ping-pong ball; the effect is the movement of the ball through the air. In psychology a
48、nd other sciences, the word “cause“ is often replaced by the term “independent variable“. This term implies that the experimenter is often “free“ to vary the independent variable as he or she desires (for example, the experimenter can control the speed of the paddle as it strikes the ball). The term “dependent variable“ replaces the word “effect“, and this term is used because the effect depends on some characteristic of the independent variable (the flight of the ball depends on the speed of the paddl
