1、MBA 联考逻辑-69 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Starting with his review of Skinners Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed an innate (天生的) capacity for dealing with the linguistic universals common to all languages. Expe
2、rience and learning then provide only information about the (1) instances of those universal aspects of language which are needed to communicate with other people within a particular language (2) .This linguistic approach (3) the view that language is built upon learned associations between words. W
3、hat is learned is not strings of words per se (本身), but (4) rules that enable a speaker to (5) an infinite variety of novel sentences. (6) single words are learned as concepts: they do not stand in a one-to-one (7) with the particular thing signified, but (8) all members of a general class.This view
4、 of the innate aspect of language learning is at first not readily (9) into existing psychological frameworks and (10) a challenge that has stimulated much thought and new research directions. Chomsky argues that a precondition for language development is the existence of certain principles “intrins
5、ic (原有的) to the mind“ that provide invariant structures (11) perceiving, learning and thinking. Language (12) all of these processes; thus its study (13) our theories of knowledge in general.Basic to this model of language is the notion that a childs learning of language is a kind of theory (14) . I
6、ts thought to be accomplished (15) explicit instruction, (16) of intelligence level, at an early age when he is not capable of other complex (17) or motor achievements, and with relatively little reliable data to go on. (18) , the child constructs a theory of an ideal language which has broad (19) p
7、ower. Chomsky argues that all children could not develop the same basic theory (20) it not for the innate existence of properties of mental organization which limit the possible properties of languages.（分数：10.00）(1).A special B specific C definite D explicit（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A region B district C
8、 vicinity D community（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A attacks B assaults C charges D accuses（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A transformational B institutional C systematic D constitutional（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A originate B initiate C launch D generate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A Yet B Even C Still D Likewise（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(
9、7).A consistence B conformity C correspondence D agreement（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A symbolize B embody C depict D represent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A combined B integrated C blended D mixed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A meets B presents C offers D makes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A underlining B highlighting C marking
10、D underlying（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A deals B covers C involves D engages（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A tunes into B sheds light on C leaves behind D sets forth（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A fabrication B erection C creation D construction（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A with B under C by D without（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A ir
11、respective B independent C regardless D implausible（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A intellectual B intelligent C intelligible D intellect（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A Nevertheless B Furthermore C Though D Accordingly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A instinctive B addictive C tentative D predictive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A had
12、 B should C were D be（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Once upon a time, innovation at Procter today, they could even be in the majority. “As Procter the rest will go to carefully monitored projects in India, China and other places whe
13、re the number of smokers is rising relentlessly. Then there is motivation. There are other big players in this cause, and that should induce every new entrant to try bringing something fresh to the party. Earlier this year the WHO started a campaign against tobacco known as MPower. One of its sellin
14、g points was that in contrast with many other projects, it had a fairly clear idea about what was needed. WHO experts have listed a series of tactics, ranging from aggressive public education to a rise in tobacco taxes, that deliver results. (Even if high taxes lead to some smuggling and diversion,
15、studies done in Brazil, for example, show that fiscal measures do curb consumption. ) The World Bank, which funded that research, is also thought to be ready to join the anti-smoking scrum after years of paying little attention. A crowded field, indeed. But having an extra $ 500 million from two har
16、d-driven billionaires surely wont hurt. （分数：10.00）(1).What does “stamp out“ in the first paragraph probably mean? A Crush severely. B Mark significantly. C Destroy completely. D Wipe heavily.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).As to the money of this campaign, which of the following statements is TRUE? A Messrs Ga
17、tes and Bloomberg will assume all the money needed for this campaign. B Money from Mr. Bloomberg will partly be included in the budget of New York City. C Messrs Gates offered more money than Bloomberg did this week. D There will be a combined total of $ 875 million for this campaign.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.
18、D.(3).According to the text, how will the money be spent? A On government-lead projects only. B On either public or private projects, as long as it works. C Mainly on promoting anti-smoking campaign in developing countries. D On supporting the law suits against tobacco companies.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4)
19、.What is the unique significance of the MPower campaign? A It is backed by many powerful organizations and companies. B It has a clear idea of what measures should be taken. C It has top specialists of WHO being the counselors. D It adopts fiscal, administrative and medical measures.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D
20、.(5).What can we infer from the last paragraph about the authors attitude towards this campaign? A Neutral. B Negative. C Affirmative. D Not sure.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The day was star-crossed: Friday the 13th in the month of October, on the eve of the second looming anniversary o
21、f a devastating market crash. “Im telling you, psychology is really funny. People get crazy in situations like that,“ said portfolio strategist Elaine Garzarelli. Last week Friday the 13th lived up to its frightful reputation. After drifting lower at a sleepy pace for most of the day, the Dow Jones
22、industrial average abruptly lurched into a hair-raising sky dive in the final hour of trading.The Bush Administration moved swiftly to avert any sense of crisis after the market closed. Declared Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady: “Its important to recognize that todays stock market decline doesnt si
23、gnal any fundamental change in the condition of the economy. The economy remains well balanced, and the outlook is for continued moderate growth.“ But Massachusetts Democrat Edward Markey, who chairs a House subcommittee on telecommunications and finance, vowed to hold hearings this week on the stoc
24、k market slide. Said he: “This is the second heart attack. My hope is that before we have the inevitable third heart attack, we pay attention to these problems.“Experts found no shortage of culprits to blame for the latest shipwreck. A series of downbeat realizations converged on Friday, ranging fro
25、m signs of a new burst of inflation to sagging corporate profits to troubles in the junk-bond market that has fueled major takeovers. The singular event that shook investors was the faltering of a $6.75 billion labor management buyout of UAL, the parent company of United Airlines, the second largest
26、 U. S. carrier.On one point most thoughtful Wall Streeters agreed: the market had reached such dizzying heights that a correction of some sort seemed almost inevitable. Propelled by favorable economic news and a wave of multibillion-dollar takeovers, stocks had soared more than 1,000 points since th
27、e 1987 crash. But by last August some Wall streeters were clearly worried.The heaviest blow to the market came Friday afternoon. In a three-paragraph statement, UAL said a labor-management group headed by Chairman Stephen Wolf had failed to get enough financing to acquire United. Several banks had a
28、pparently balked at the deal, which was to be partly financed through junk bonds. The take-over group said it would submit a revised bid “in the near term, but the announcement stunned investors who had come to view the United deal as the latest sure thing in the 1980s buyout binge. Said John Downey
29、, a trader at the Chicago Board Options Exchange: “The airline stocks have looked like attractive takeover targets. But with the United deal in trouble, everyone started to wonder what other deals might not go through./（分数：10.00）(1).The tone of the writer as reflected in the first sentence isA sensi
30、ble.B irrational.C defiant.D ironical.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How do the public feel about the current economic situation?A Trustful.B Panicked.C Carefree.D Confused.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).When mentioning “the latest shipwreck“ (Para. 3), the author is talking aboutA stock-market decline.B junk-bond mark
31、et.C enormous acquisitions.D corporate profits.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The main reason for the latest crisis in stock market as pointed out by the writer lies inA the perception of inflation.B the collapse of confidence.C the failure of a buyout deal.D the correction of a market.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Wh
32、at does the writer say of the stock market decline?A Such an acute Crisis usually precedes a boom.B It will constitute attractive takeover targets.C Investors have trouble plucking up courage.D It triggered responses from various sectors.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)An analysis of workpl
33、ace trends shows that employee perks, a reliable indicator of job market strength, are beginning to make a comeback. While not as Extravagant as those offered in the late 1990s, companies clearly are shifting their focus from workforce reduction to workforce retention. Firms realize that they requir
34、e a foundation of experienced, trained, and motivated workers. These employers are improving and/ or adding perks to prevent an exodus of workers that could occur as the economy continues improving. They also may be looking further down the road when severe labor shortages are expected to return.An
35、analysis of perks offered in todays workplace shows that many of the 1990s-style benefits, such as game rooms and luxury car leases, have been abandoned. The perks that remain popular with employers and employees are those that help workers stay healthy, career focused, and financially stable. Perha
36、ps the most appreciated are those that help individuals maintain work-life balance.Work-life balance is just one part of the growing concern companies have about the overall emotional and physical health of their workers. Employees who are stressed out or depressed because they do not feel as if the
37、y are giving enough attention to the nonwork aspects of their lives ultimately are unproductive. More and more companies also are learning that workers desire the opportunity to grow professionally in the workplace. HewlettPackard, for instance, has boosted its employee education and development bud
38、get by 20%.Nationwide Insurance, based in Columbus, Ohio, established a career-planning website in 2003. The site provides information on company job opportunities, career development, and an in-house mentoring program. Nationwide also is helping to educate its employees in financial matters, acknow
39、ledging that workers distracted by such issues on the job are not giving their full attention to the companys priorities. It is adding classes and seminars on personal finance issues and 401(k) investments.Sometimes perks simply are about keeping employee morale elevated. Knowing that an improving e
40、conomy might prompt valued employees to seek new opportunities, the owner of Ticketcity. com has lavished his best performers with tickets to the Masters golf tournament (锦标赛), access to country clubs, and invitations to a management retreat in Sedona, Ariz.Moreover, even companies that cannot affor
41、d to institute costly perks can find ways to make sure current employees are happy. Doug Dorman, vice president of human resources for the Greenville (S.C.) Hospital System explains that there is a definite sense of urgency when it comes to employee retention, knowing that labor shortages are return
42、ing. Dorman notes, however, that they have not focused on perks, “but rather on creating a culture of recognition and appreciation. Employees stay when they have good two-way communication with management and are truly appreciated and recognized for their contributions./（分数：10.00）(1).The underlined
43、word “perks“ (Line 1, Paragraph 1) most probably means _A a payment or profit received in addition to a regular wage or salary.B release of entertainment facilities such as game rooms or luxury cars.C the balance between the work and balance of employees.D the opportunities to improve one s expertis
44、e in his work.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is not the reason why companies have begun to shift their attention on the retention of workforce?A the constant improvement of economy in the US.B the demand of experienced and well-trained employees.C the demonstration of its market strengt
45、h indicator.D the possible lack of workforce in the near future.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following perks is out-of-date today?A a workshop on the recent stock market.B an expensive car room that can be used at a relatively low rent.C a vacation to a beautiful scenic spot for relaxation.D a
46、training on the expertise which may lead to promotion in career.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the text, the return of perks is mostly because _A improve professional skills of employees.B elevate the morale of the workforce.C achieve the balance between work and life.D keep qualified workers sta
47、y in the company.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred that a company which cannot afford expensive perks should _A understand the urgency of workforce shortage.B focus on perks that are less costly.C recognize the importance of its employees.D promote communications with related firms.（分数：2.00）A.
48、B.C.D.八、Part B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A The Need for ScienceB The Methods of ScienceC The Challenge of Unsolved ProblemsD The Specific Features of the Laws of ScienceE The Steps in Establishing a Scientific TheoryF The Rapid Increase of Scientific KnowledgeIt is the business of the scientist to accumulate knowledge about the universe and all that is in it. and to find. if he is able. common factors which underlie and account for the facts that he knows. He chooses, when he can, the method of the “controlled experiment“.41. _.In the course of his inquiries the scientist may
