1、MBA 联考英语-阅读理解及答案解析(总分：194.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B练习一/B(总题数：20，分数：194.00)Good sense is the most equitably distributed thing in the world, for each man considers himself so well provided with it that even those who are most difficult to satisfy in everything else do not usually wish to have more of it than
2、they have already. It is not likely that everyone is, mistaken in this; it shows, rather, that the ability to judge rightly and separate the true from the false, which is essentially what is called good sense or reason, is by nature equal in all men, and thus that our opinions differ not because som
3、e men are better endowed with reason than others, but only because we direct our thoughts along different paths, and do not consider the same things, for it is not enough to have a good mind: what is most important is to apply it rightly. The greatest souls are capable of the greatest vices; and tho
4、se who walk very slowly can advance much further, if they always keep to the direct road, than those who run and go astray.For my part, I have never presumed my mind to be more perfect than average in any way; I have, in fact, often wished that my thoughts were as quick, or my imagination as precise
5、 and distinct, or my memory as capacious or prompt, as those of some other men.And I know of no other qualities than these which make for the perfection of the mind; for as to reason, or good sense, inasmuch as it alone makes us men and distinguishes us from the beasts, I am quite willing to believe
6、 that it is whole and entire in each of us, and to follow in the common opinion of the philosophers who say that there are differences of more or less only among the accidents, and not among the forms, or natures, of the individuals of a single species.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, the thre
7、e elements that comprise the perfect mind are _.（分数：2.00）A.tenacity of thought, capacious memory, quickness of mindB.precise imagination, tenacity of memory, quickness of thoughtC.quickness of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thoughtD.promptness of memory, distinctness of imagination, quickness
8、 of thought(2).The basic idea of the first paragraph may be stated as follows: _.（分数：2.00）A.all persons have an equal portion of good will when they are bornB.great souls are capable of great evilC.good sense, in terms of its distribution among persons, may be called common senseD.good sense is the
9、mark of the truly good person(3).About himself, the author states that _.（分数：2.00）A.he had always sensed his mental superiority over most personsB.his awareness of his mental superiority over other was something that grew slowly, with experienceC.he actually regards his own mental faculties as infer
10、ior in many ways to those of the great majority of personsD.he has never had the feeling that his mind was more perfect than average in any way(4).The author claims that what sets human beings apart from beasts is _.（分数：2.00）A.a sense of organization combined with the ability to createB.the ability
11、to adapt to the surroundingsC.a sense of reason coupled with a strong sense of practicalityD.a sense of reason(5).According to the author the ability to distinguish between the true and the false is _.（分数：2.00）A.endowed by nature to all creaturesB.endowed in equal measure to all peopleC.more heavily
12、 present in some people than in othersD.an unnatural, cultivated trait in all peopleB练习二/BExtraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulati
13、on, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Difference
14、s between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from differences in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in mo
15、re coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is very different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespe
16、ares Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power, nor is Picassos painting Guernica primarily a propositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism. What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization t
17、hat transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, in an innovative way, the limits of an existing form, rather than transcend that form.This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes est
18、ablishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field: the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its
19、aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozarts The Marriage
20、 of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beeth
21、oven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limitsthe rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bach-in strikingly original ways.（分数：10.00）(1).The author considers a new theory that coheren
22、tly relates diverse phenomena to one another to be the _.（分数：2.00）A.basis for reaffirming a well-established scientific formulationB.byproduct of an aesthetic experienceC.tool used by a scientist to discover a new particularD.result of highly creative scientific activity(2).The passage supplies info
23、rmation for answering all of the following questions EXCEPT:（分数：2.00）A.Has unusual creative activity been characterized as revolutionary?B.Did Beethoven work within a musical tradition that also included Handel and Bach?C.Is Mozarts The Marriage of Figaro an example of a creative work that transcend
24、ed limits?D.Who besides Monteverdi wrote music that the author would consider to embody new principles of organization and to be of high aesthetic value?(3).The author regards the idea that all highly creative artistic activity transcends limits with _.（分数：2.00）A.deep skepticismB.strong indignationC
25、.marked indifferenceD.moderate amusement(4).The author implies that an innovative scientific contribution is one that _.（分数：2.00）A.is cited with high frequency in the publications of other scientistsB.is accepted immediately by the scientific communityC.does not relegate particulars to the role of d
26、ataD.introduces a new valid generalization(5).Which of the following statements would most logically conclude the last paragraph of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Unlike Beethoven, however, even the greatest of modern composers, such as Stravinsky, did not transcend existing musical forms.B.In similar fashi
27、on, existing musical forms were even further exploited by the next generation of great European composers.C.Thus, many of the great composers displayed the same combination of talents exhibited by Monteverdi.D.By contrast, the view that creativity in the arts exploits but does not transcend limits i
28、s supported in the field of literature.B练习三/BWhen we think of entrepreneurs, most of us imagine dynamic, successful, over-achievers like Bill Gates of Microsoft, Richard Branson of Virgin Airlines, Inc. or Jim Boyle of Columbia Sportswear, to name a few contemporary heroes. The truth is that we ofte
29、n fail to recognize entrepreneurs all around us: the corner grocery store owner, the family physician who opens a medical practice in our neighborhood, or the young person who delivers the morning paper. Each is creating business opportunities through entrepreneurship, although the process of entrep
30、reneurship would be markedly different from each other.According to Jeffery Timmons, author of “New Venture Creation“ (1990), there are three crucial components for a successful new venture: the opportunity, the entrepreneur, and the resources needed to start the company and make it grow. The opport
31、unity is the idea for a new business. The entrepreneur is the person who develops the idea for a business into a business. Resources include money, people and skill. In this unit, we focus on entrepreneurs, one of the critical ingredients for success of a new business: Who are they? What makes them
32、tick?One factor which distinguishes Bill Gates from the morning paper deliverer is the level of business success each desires to achieve. Determining what success means to you is a crucial element in the early stages of new venture planning. How you measure success in life shapes your views of busin
33、ess opportunities and small business. We begin this unit with a look at success: what it means and how it is measured.BDefining Success through Personal Evaluation/B“Most people spend less time planning their new business than they do their family vacation” (Canadian Small Business,1997). Yet, selec
34、ting the right business idea and planning for its success are crucial steps in new venture planning. You will learn more about opportunity identification, or how to find and evaluate business ideas. For now, lets focus on success.Success is how you define it. What success means to you will not likel
35、y be what success means to someone else. Success is very personal and subjective. We usually measure success in one of three ways:Success can be measured in dollars, usually earnings.Success can be measured by the value of our possessions, including our home.Success can be measured through our perso
36、nal values.Whether you define success by money, possessions, personal values or a combination of the three is up to you. How we define success significantly influences our selection of a business to start. Our view of success becomes our framework for evaluating business opportunities. If we think a
37、 business opportunity has the potential to raise us to our desired level of success, we give it further consideration. If not, we usually discard the idea. For example, if the paper deliverer defined success as earning $75.00 of spending money per month and he or she was earning $200.00 per month, t
38、hen they would consider their venture highly successful.BVisioning and Goal Setting for Business Success/BPlanning for business success begins with an understanding of ourselves, who we are and where we want to go in our professional lives. Enrolling in college is one step toward fulfilling our visi
39、on of the future. Two processes which are helpful to would-be entrepreneurs are visioning and goal-setting.Success begins with a vision of who we are, what drives us and what we want. This vision of ourselves is the foundation that will give us guidance and direction in the conduct of our lives and
40、businesses. Visioning involves development of a clear mental picture of what we would like to become in the next five to ten years.Goal-setting involves developing a list of things you would like to achieve in your personal or professional livesyour goals. Goal-setting is the action plan for achievi
41、ng your vision of life. According to the authors of “Canadian Small Business,“ goals should be “SMART,“ i.e. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-oriented.Entrepreneurship begins with an understanding of who we are and where we want to go. For millions of Canadians, starting a busin
42、ess of their own was the path chosen to get them where they wanted to go. Understanding what success means to you and the level of success you are willing to accept in life is one of the first stages of new venture planning. Visioning and goal-setting are tools you can use to develop a clear picture
43、 of who you are, where you are going and what you need to do to get there.（分数：10.00）(1).Whats the subject of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Who is more likely to become a successful entrepreneur?B.What does it take to be a successful entrepreneur?C.What does success mean and how is it measured?D.What is th
44、e appropriate way to define success?(2).Whats the difference between Bill Gates and the paper deliverer?（分数：2.00）A.The personal quality each possesses.B.The desire each has for his own business.C.The level of business success each desires to achieve.D.The various business opportunities each has an a
45、ccess to.(3).What are the essential elements for a successful new venture?（分数：2.00）A.Money, people and skill.B.Money, possession and personal values.C.Opportunity, entrepreneur and resources.D.Opportunity, process and practice.(4).What effect does the definition of success have on ones selection of
46、opening up a business?（分数：2.00）A.It helps to determine whether it is necessary to start a business.B.It helps to decide how great a business success is.C.It helps to further provide a business opportunity.D.It helps to evaluate the business potential effectively.(5).How do visioning and goal-setting
47、 function?（分数：2.00）A.They are the first step to draw a new venture plan.B.They are the measures used to evaluate business achievement.C.They are the ways for one to direct businesses.D.They are the tools used to identify oneself and achieve ones purpose.B练习四/BLearning disabilities are very common. T
48、hey affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused
49、 by many different things. There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.In one study, researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cel
