1、MBA 联考英语-Reading+A 综合练习(一)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：10，分数：100.00)Passage 1 Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960s and 70s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has m
2、andated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly. A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in
3、Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的) snow were d
4、eclining. In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio fou
5、nd in Greenland snow matched that found ingasoline from the United States. In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline. Many scientists had believed that the lead
6、would stay in soil and snow for a longer period. The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster
7、 than the scientists had expected. Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.（分数：10.00）(1).The study published in the journal Nature indicates
8、that A. the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired results. B. lead deposits in arctic snow on the increase. C. lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected. D. the U.S. is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Lead accumulation worldwide decreased signif
9、icantly after the use of unleaded gas in the U.S. A. was discouraged. B. was enforced by law. C. was prohibited by law. D. was introduced.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland? A. By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.
10、B. By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area. C. By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America. D. By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The authors of the Ambio study have
11、 found that A. forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected. B. lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with. C. lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the U.S D. the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5)
12、.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists A. are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollution. B. feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasoline. C. still consider lead pollution a problem. D. lack sufficient means to combat lead pollution.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage 2 It came as somethi
13、ng of a surprise when Diana, Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in 1997, to support the Red Crosss campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines. Within hours of arriving in Angola, television screens around the world were filled with images of her comforting victims injured in expl
14、osions caused by landmines. “I knew the statistics,“ she said, “But putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me; like when I met Sandra, a 13-year-old girl who had lost her leg, and people like her.“ The Princess concluded with a simple message: “We must stop landmines“. And she u
15、sed every opportunity during her visit to repeat this message. But, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the British government, which refused to support a ban on these weapons. Angry politicians launched an attack on the Princess in the press. They described her as “very ill
16、-informed“ and a “loose cannon (乱放炮的人).“ The Princess responded by brushing aside the criticisms: “This is a distraction we do not need. All Im trying to do is help.“ Opposition parties, the media and the public immediately voiced their support for the Princess. To make matters worse for the governm
17、ent, it soon emerged that the Princesss trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British governments policy regarding landmines. The result was a severe embarrassment for the government. To try and limit the
18、damage, the Foreign Secretary, Malcolm Rifkind, claimed that the Princesss views on landmines were not very different from government policy, and that it was “working towards“ a worldwide ban. The Defence Secretary, Michael Portillo, claimed the matter was “a misinterpretation or misunderstanding.“
19、For the Princess, the trip to this war-tom country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause. She said that the experience had also given her the chance to get closer to people and their problems.（分数：10.00）(1).Princess
20、 Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997 A. to voice her support for a total ban of landmines. B. to clarify the British governments stand on landmines. C. to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims there. D. to establish her image as a friend of landmine victims.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What did Di
21、ana mean when she said “.putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me“ (Para. 1) ? A. She just couldnt bear to meet the landmine victims face to face. B. The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home. C. Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe th
22、e statistics. D. Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Some members of the British government criticized Diana because A. she was ill-informed of the governments policy. B. they were actually opposed to banning landmines. C. she had not
23、 consulted the government before the visit. D. they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How did Diana respond to the criticisms? A. She paid no attention to them. B. She made more appearances on TV. C. She met the 13-year-old girl as planned. D. She rose
24、 to argue with her opponents.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola? A. It had caused embarrassment to the British government. B. It had brought her closer to the ordinary people. C. It had greatly promoted her popularity. D. It had affected her relations with the
25、British government.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage 3 Im usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to p
26、rove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50
27、 years ago. Why are Americas kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation-brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things-and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place. Given that we cant turn the clock b
28、ack, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope. At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress. To help kids build stronger con
29、nections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep. Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. Its not just video games and movies; children
30、see a lot of murder and crime on the local news. Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale. Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometime
31、s anxiety is unavoidable, but it doesnt have to ruin your life.（分数：10.00）(1).The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about peoples state of mind are A. surprising. B. confusing. C. illogical. D. questionable.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the author mean when he says, “we cant turn th
32、e dock back“ (Para. 3) ? A. Its impossible to slow down the pace of change. B. The social reality children are facing cannot be changed. C. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten. D. Its impossible to forget the past.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to an analysis, compared with normal
33、children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago A. were less isolated physically. B. were probably less self-centered. C. probably suffered less from anxiety. D. were considered less individualistic.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The first and most important thing parents should do to help their
34、 children is A. to provide them with a safer environment. B. to lower their expectations for them. C. to get them more involved socially. D. to set a good model for them to follow.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? A. Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with. B
35、. Childrens anxiety has been enormously exaggerated. C. Childrens anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care. D. Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage 4 When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating b
36、ack to Grandmas generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best. But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware-and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts
37、 and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times. Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs-one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,
38、000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier. Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal
39、 Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend“ toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television. Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, ha
40、ve gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that its better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real“ dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-pa
41、tterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time? Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (“Chew with your mouth closed Keep your elbows
42、 off the table“) must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.（分数：10.00）(1).The trend toward casual dining has resulted in A. bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers. B. shrinking of the pottery indust
43、ry. C. restructuring of large enterprises. D. economic recession in Great Britain.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining? A. Family members need more time to relax. B. Busy schedules leave people no time for formality. C. People want to practice economy
44、in times of scarcity. D. Young people wont follow the etiquette of the older generation.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is A. a retailer of stainless steel tableware. B. a dealer in stoneware. C. a pottery chain store. D. a producer of fine china.（分数：2.00）A
45、.B.C.D.(4).The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is A. the increased value of the pound. B. the economic recession in Asia. C. the change in peoples way of life. D. the fierce competition at home and abroad.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Refined table manners, though less popular than before i
46、n current soda life, A. are still a must on certain occasions. B. are bound to return sooner or later. C. are still being taught by parents at home. D. can help improve personal relationships.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage 5 Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of th
47、e second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivans Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane Hugo 10 years ago. In September 198
48、9, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolinas shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasnt strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly
49、-designed beach house. In Hugos wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivans Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivans Island looks anything but hurricane-poor. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern“ at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The houses wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further
