1、MBA 联考英语-42 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Selection to participate in a top executive-education program is an important rung on the ladder to top corporate jobs. U. S. corporations (1) billions of dollars in this form of management development - and use it to (2) and
2、 train fast-track managers. Yet one (3) of executive education found that less than 5% of the managers (4) to these high-profile programs are women - and minorities are terribly (5) as well.The numbers are (6) . In regular business (7) usually paid for by the participant, not an employer - there are
3、 plenty of women and minorities. Women, for example, (8) for about 30% of MBA candidates. Yet in the (9) programs paid for by corporations that round out a managers credentials at a (10) career point, usually at age 40 or 45, companies are making only a (11) investment in developing female and minor
4、ity executives. A case (12) point: Only about 30% of the 180 executives in Stanfords recent (13) management program were women.Most companies say these days they are (14) hiring and promoting women and minorities- and there are some (15) trends in overall employment and pay levels so why are compani
5、es (16) the ball when it (17) executive education? The schools (18) that they are neither the cause of nor the cure for the problem. A Harvard Business School dean figures that companies are (19) of sending their female executives (20) they dont want to lose them to competitors.（分数：10.00）(1).A endow
6、 B venture C invest D donate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A designate B identify C fabricate D approach（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A view B examination C survey D test（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A delivered B transported C transmitted D sent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A under-represented B underlined C underestimated D undermine
7、d（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A ridiculous B dreadful C shameful D cruel（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A projects B programs C plans D items（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A occupy B possess C account D take（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A privileged B prestigious C preferable D professional（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A important B key C weak
8、D normal（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A token B assurable C key D symbolic（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A beside B up to C in D to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A inferior B dependent Cjunior D advanced（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A passively B aggressively C progressively D intensively（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A negative B right C po
9、sitive D wrong（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A dropping B carrying C bouncing D opening（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A comes in B comes to C comes on D comes from（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A apprehend B verify C maintain D promise（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A shy B coward C brave D fearful（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A that B while C
10、 because D But（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Its never too early or too late for a parent to become a teacher. In this age of teacher accountability, endless school testing, increased pressure and competition, and the proliferation
11、of “educational“ toys, too many people forget that success begins at home.Freeman A. Hrabowski , president of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and co-author of Beating the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Males and Overcoming the Odds: Raising Academically Successf
12、ul African American Young Women, says that in the interviews he and his co-authors conducted, the overwhelming factor in their childrens academic achievement was that parents inspired and envisioned their childrens success. They thought and talked about what would be required to have a .successful c
13、hild.“It just makes such a difference when theres someone in that house working to relate to that child and inspire that child,“ Hrabowski says. “These parents (of the high achievers discussed) are really inspirational in their commitment to their children.“Professor Barbara T. Bowman, one of the fa
14、culty founders of Chicagos Erikson Institute, an independent institution of higher education that prepares child development professionals for leader- ship, says that Black children must learn in two different cultures-the African-American culture in which they live and the mainstream culture on whi
15、ch school and education are based.Bowman also says the relationship between children and their parents is critical. “It is the early responsive ness of the caregiver to the infants behavior that creates a sense of well-being and optimism that affects the childs interest in learning,“ says Bowman, wh
16、o served as president of the institute from 1994 to last year. “Children who like and want to please the adult learn better what the adult wants them to learn.“In this day of highly competitive testing and the stress of getting high SAT or ACT scores, its important also to avoid pressuring or overex
17、posing your child. Your son or daughter is probably already facing stress at school and on the playground. Your role is to help him or her relieve and manage that stress. Help them to understand that life does not end or begin with a test. And while academic success is important, its also important
18、to keep everything in perspective. Failure is a relative term in the grand scheme of things. If your child did poorly on a test, but answered a particularly tough question correctly, stress the positive. On the other hand, if schoolwork comes too easily to your child, find other ways to challenge hi
19、m or her so they understand that life wont always be that way.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, the parents of high achievers are usually _.A successful themselves B teachersC inspirational D working hard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the African-American culture
20、is _.A an important part of the mainstream cultureB the base of the mainstream cultureC different in many ways from the mainstream cultureD dependant on the mainstream culture（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Whether a child is interested in learning depends on _.A the content the adult wants the children to lea
21、rnB how pleased the parents are when the children are learningC the feedback the parents give to children at an early ageD the physical health of the children（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The suggestion given in the last paragraph is _.A to emphasize the importance of success for childrenB to avoid pressurin
22、g the children too muchC to challenge the children as much as possibleD to use the positive effect of pressure（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which one of the following is the best title for the passage?A How to raise a high-achieving childB Successful students whose parents are teachersC Key factors for child
23、rens successD Motivation and challenge: what do children need most?（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden s
24、hower. But the desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust-jacket is irresistible. You soon become absorbed in some book or other, and usually it is only much later that you realize that you have spent far too much time there.This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think
25、, the main attraction of a bookshop. There are not many places where it is possible to do this. A music shop is very much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your hearts content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the inevitable greeting: “Can I help you, sir?
26、“ You neednt buy anything you dont want. In a bookshop an assistant should remain in the background until you have finished browsing. Then, and only then, are his services necessary.You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop lo
27、oking for a book on, say, ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book about brass-rubbing - something which had only vaguely interested you up till then. This volume on the subject, however, happened to be so well illustrated and the part of the
28、text you read proved so interesting that you just had to buy it. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Booksellers must be both long suffering and indulgent.There is a story which wei1 illustrates this. A medical student had to read a textbook which was far too expensive for him to buy. He could
29、nt obtain it from the library and the only copy he could find was in his bookshop. Every afternoon, therefore, he would go along to the shop and read a little of the book at a time. One day, however, he was dismayed to find the book missing from its usual place and about to leave when he noticed the
30、 owner of the shop beckoning to him. Expecting to be reproached, he went toward him. To his surprise, the owner pointed to the book, which was tucked away in a corner. “I put it there in case anyone was tempted to buy it,“ he said, and left the delighted student to continue his reading.（分数：10.00）(1)
31、.You may spend too much time in a bookshop becauseA the dust-jackets are very attractive.B you start reading one of the books.C it is raining outside.D you have to make sure you dont buy a dull book as a present.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the text, in a good bookshopA nobody takes any notice
32、of you.B the assistant greets you in a friendly way.C your heart is contented.D you feel that you are in a music shop.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be learned from the text that an assistant should offer you helpA as soon as you have entered the shop.B just before you finish browsing.C only when you h
33、ave finished reading.D when he leads you to a particular section.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author implies that it is very easy to enter a bookshop and buyA a book on ancient coins.B a best-selling novel on brass-rubbing.C a book that only vaguely interests you.D a book that unexpectedly fascinates yo
34、u.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The textbook the medical student was interested in was tucked away in a cornerA to prevent anyone from buying it.B because the medical student might take it away.C in case the medical student was tempted to buy it.D because it was a rare and expensive book.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、T
35、ext 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Concrete is probably used more widely than any other substance except water, yet it remains largely unappreciated. “Some people view the 20th century as the atomic age, the space age, the computer age but an argument can be made that it was the concrete age,” says cement special
36、ist Hendrik Van Oss. “Its a miracle material.” Indeed, more than a ton of concrete is produced each year for every man, woman and child on Earth. Yet concrete is generally ignored outside the engineering world, a victim of its own ubiquity and the industrys conservative pace of development. Now, tha
37、nks to environmental pressures and entrepreneurial innovation, a new generation of concretes is emerging. This high-tech assortment of concrete confections promises to be stronger, lighter, and more environmentally friendly than ever before.Concrete is also a climate-change villain. It is made by mi
38、xing water with an aggregate, such as sand or gravel, and cement. Cement is usually made by heating limestone and clay to over 2,500 degrees F. The resulting chemical reaction, along with fuel burned to heat the kiln, produces between 7% and 10% of global carbon-dioxide emissions. “When we have to r
39、epeatedly regenerate these materials because theyre not durable, we release more emissions,” says Victor Li who has created a concrete suffused by synthetic fibers that make it stronger, more durable, and able to bend like a metal. Lis creation does not require reinforcement, a property shared by ot
40、her concretes that use chemical additives. Using less water makes concrete stronger, but until the development of plasticizers, it also made concrete sticky, dry, and hard to handle, says Christian Meyer, a civil engineering professor at Columbia University.Making stronger concretes, says Li, allows
41、 less to be used, reducing waste and giving architects more freedom. “You can have such futuristic designs if you dont have to put rebar in there, or structural beams,” says Van Oss. A more directly “green” c6nerete has been developed by the Australian company TecEeo. They add magnesium to their cem
42、ent, forming a porous concrete that actually scrubs carbon dioxide from the air.While experts agree that these new concrete will someday be widely used, the timetable is uncertain. Concrete companies are responsive to environmental concerns and are always looking to stretch the utility of their prod
43、uct, but the construction industry is slow to change. “When you start monkeying around with materials, the governing bodies, the building departments, are very cautious before they let you use an unproven material,” Meyer says. In the next few decades, says Van Oss, building codes will change, openi
44、ng the way for innovative materials. But while new concretes may be stronger and more durable, they are also more expensive and whether the tendency of developers and the public to focus on short-term rather than long-term costs will also change is another matter.（分数：10.00）(1).By saying “it was the
45、concrete age”(Line 3, Para. 1), Van Oss means thatA the traditional building material concrete is the only man-made miracle.B concrete is indispensable in the development of modern construction industry.C compared with other inventions, concrete is more practical and useful.D concrete, as a building
46、 material, can be mixed with any other materials.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By saying “a victim of its own ubiquity and the industrys conservative pace of development” (Line 5-6, Para. 1) , the author means thatA concrete suffers from its widely application as well as the slow development of building indu
47、stry.B concrete is not appreciated because of its dull color and other drawbacks, with little improvement as a building material.C slow progress of building industry does harm to the application and popularity of concrete.D concrete is ignored because it is conventional with little advance in its te
48、chnology.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the text, concrete is also a “climate-change villain” mainly becauseA sand or gravel has to be used as an aggregate in the process of mixing.B the materials which are used to make concrete are not durable.C recycling of concrete is quite difficult when concrete breaks down.D chemical reaction in manufacturing cement emits carbon-dioxide world-wide.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is true about Lis new “green” concrete?A The new concrete will greatly reduce the cost of production and construction.B Traditional con
