1、MBA 联考英语-21 及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：1，分数：10.00)With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China (1) a family planning program in 1971, India has been dosing the (2) . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not near
2、ly (3) the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, Indias population will (4) Chinas around the year 2028 (5) about 1.7 billion.Should that happen, it wont be the (6) of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. (7) India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Ker
3、alas population is virtually (8) . The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, (9) about 40% in the entire nation.The difference (10) the emphasis put on health programs (11) birth control, by the state authorities, (12) in 1957 became Indias first elected Com
4、munist (13) . And an educational tradition and matrilineal customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get (14) good schooling. While one in three Indian women is (15) , 90% of those in Kerala can read and write. Higher literacy rates (16) family planning. “Unlike our parents, we know that we can
5、 do more for our children if we have (17) of them,“ says Laila Cherian, 33, who lives in the village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself (18) three children-one below the national (19) of four. That kind of restraint will keep Kerala from putting added (20) on world food supplies.（分数：10.00）A.disc
6、overedB.circulatedC.launchedD.transmittedA.gapB.topC.bitD.betA.as many asB.as well asC.as soon asD.as much asA.shakeB.passC.rocketD.impressA.onB.inC.atD.forA.forceB.fightC.falseD.faultA.WhileB.SinceC.BecauseD.SupposeA.reliableB.stableC.countableD.flexibleA.benefited fromB.involved withC.compared wit
7、hD.resulted fromA.lies inB.shows offC.results inD.departs fromA.revivingB.includingC.practicingD.containingA.thatB.sinceC.whatD.whichA.groupB.allianceC.governmentD.bureauA.equallyB.officiallyC.sharplyD.proudlyA.culturalB.literateC.nativeD.responsibleA.fosterB.hamperC.reformD.advocateA.lessB.moreC.fe
8、werD.betterA.inB.atC.asD.toA.statisticsB.averageC.tendencyD.categoryA.increaseB.challengeC.pressureD.complaint二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Text 1In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock
9、 their doors. There simply wasnt any crime to worry about. Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the worlds biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over hal
10、f of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors.SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in. Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism. A person with evil intent could use it t
11、o hunt down sites that are easy to burgle.But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder.So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early
12、 days, when you visited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer.At the
13、 same time, the Net is increasingly populated with spiders, worms, agents and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information. All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage.But lets look on th
14、e bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the worlds biggest (almost) crime-free society. Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest. Or that there currently isnt much to steal. Or because vandalism isnt much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone.Whateve
15、r the reason, lets enjoy it while we can. But, expect it ail to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling Services they want to be paid for.（分数：10.00）(1).By saying “owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set u
16、p home without fitting locks to their doors“ (Lines 56, Para. 1), the author means that_.（分数：2.00）A.those happy times appear still to he with usB.there simply wasnt any crime to worry aboutC.many sites are not well-protectedD.hackers try out tricks on all Internet site without actually breaking in(2
17、).SATAN, a program designed, by Dan Farmer, can he used_.（分数：2.00）A.to investigate the security of Internet sitesB.to improve the security of the Internet systemC.to prevent hackers from breaking into websitesD.to download useful programs and information(3).Farmers program has been criticized by the
18、 public because_.（分数：2.00）A.it causes damage to Net browsersB.it can break into Internet sitesC.it can be used to cause disorder on all sitesD.it can be used by people with evil intent(4).The authors attitude toward SATAN is_.（分数：2.00）A.enthusiasticB.criticalC.positiveD.indifferent(5).The author sug
19、gests in the last paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.we should make full use of the Internet before security measures are strengthenedB.we should alert the most influential businessmen to the importance of securityC.influential businessmen should give priority to the improvement of Net securityD.net inhabit
20、ants should not let security measures affect their joy of surfing the InternetText 2Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious“ both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed peoples natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin and neighbors, and substit
21、uted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious“ is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resi
22、dent of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, t
23、he number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may
24、 produce a different stifle of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwel
25、lers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for y
26、oung trouble makers. Moreover; as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a communitys population size and its social heterogeneity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbani
27、tes are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and socalled undesirab
28、les. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Two contrasting views are presented.B.An argument is examined and possible sol
29、utions given.C.Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.D.A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.(2).According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents_.（分数：2.00）A.did not have the same i
30、nterests as their neighborsB.could not develop long-standing relationshipsC.tended to be associated with bad behaviorD.usually had more friends(3).One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbor（分数：2.00）A.disrupt peoples natural relationsB.make them worry about
31、crimeC.cause them not to show concern for one anotherD.cause them to the suspicious of each other(4).It can he inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is_.（分数：2.00）A.the better its quality of lifeB.the more similar its interestsC.the more tolerant and open-minded it isD.the likelier it
32、 is to display psychological symptoms of stress(5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small town dwellers.B.Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small townsC.The positive role that urbanism plays
33、in modern life.D.The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.Text 3In 1949, when the Peoples Republic of China was founded, China had just 207 higher educational institutions, and only 117,000 students. Today it has 1032 institutes, 3,021,100 students, and 402,500 teachers. Despite such pro
34、gress, reforming Chinas higher education is currently an issue of widespread concern.Students in Chinas middle schools learn how to achieve high test scores so they can attend colleges and universities. This learning continues throughout their college lives. The subject specialties at Chinas higher
35、educational institutions are divided carefully, with no cross - communication among the subjects. This has caused students knowledge to be restricted to their major subject.Even though students study hard in the classroom, achieve high test scores, and solve academic problems easily, they lack creat
36、ivity and a working knowledge of other fields. Many suffer a lack of character because such humanistic topics as morality and ethics are omitted from their studies.In the hope of improving the moral awareness of its college graduates, China is reforming its higher educational system, adding more hum
37、anistic content to strengthen students individuality, humanitarianism and creativity. If successful, future Chinese college students will not only be experts in their fields, they also will have knowledge in a broad range of topics, respect the dignity and worth of all creatures, and care about the
38、environment. The State Education Commission has finally decided to adjust college and university subject majors with the intent of increasing students exposure to the humanities. This will be an important reform in Chinas higher education.Another serious problem is that courses and textbooks at Chin
39、as institutions of higher learning are out of date and do not report the latest academic and scientific achievements. In 1996, 221 reforms on college course content were approved for agriculture, the liberal arts, science and engineering, medical science, finance and law.The third problem is that th
40、e administration, management, enrollment and distribution systems at Chinas educational institutions are holdovers from the planned economy, and were designed to support those economic conditions. As China transforms itself from a planned to a market economy, reform of these systems is needed urgent
41、ly to support the demands of employers. In the past, Chinas colleges and universities were managed by the State Education Commission and various Chinese ministries. This approach created a large number of singlefield institutions. Since 1996, several reforms have been put in place, such as merging s
42、inglefield institutions into comprehensive universities with broader subject majors, granting educational institutions more autonomy, allowing enterprises to help fund colleges and in return recruit graduates for work, transferring control to local administrations as a way to better serve local econ
43、omic development.A more mature higher education system is now taking a shape as China approaches the 21st century.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following best expresses what the article is about?（分数：2.00）A.Chinas Higher Education has been successfully reformed and is now ready to prepare students for t
44、he 21st Century.B.There have been reforms to make the Chinese university curriculum broader, more up-to-date, and more connected with private business enterprises.C.There have been reforms to make the Chinese university curriculum more specialized in areas of technology and science.D.Chinas Higher E
45、ducation has great changes in the 21st Century.(2).The most proper title of passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.Higher EducationB.Rearming Chinas Higher EducationC.The Change of Chinas EducationD.The Problems of Chinas Education(3).Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The
46、 courses and textbooks at Chinas institutions of higher learning are more up-to-date and do not report the latest academic and scientific achievementsB.The administration system at Chinas educational institutions is holdovers and is designed to support those economic conditions.C.In 1996, 221 reform
47、s on university course content were agreed to agriculture.D.Since 1996, many reforms have merged single-field institutions into comprehensive universities wish broader subject majors, granting educational institutions more autonomy.(4).Which subject at Chinas higher educational institutions is divid
48、ed carefully with no cross communication among the subjects?（分数：2.00）A.the liberal artsB.the humanitiesC.specialtiesD.majors(5).When the reforming of Chinas higher education succeeds, what will happen?（分数：2.00）A.If successful, college students will be experts.B.If successful, we all will become scho
49、lars.C.If successful, Chinese students will have knowledge in all fields.D.If successful, future Chinese college students will not only be experts in their fields, they also will have knowledge in a broad range of topic etc.Text 4For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every indispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephone-to penicillin, was pieced together to form the an
