1、MBA 联考英语-18 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Large lecture classes are frequently regarded as a necessary evil. Such classes (1) be offered in many colleges and universities to meet high student (2) with limited faculty resource, (3) teaching a large lecture class can b
2、e a (4) task. Lecture halls are (5) large, barren, and forbidding. It is difficult to get to know students. Students may seem bored in the (6) environment and may (7) read newspapers or even leave class in the middle of a lecture. Written work by the students seems out of the (8) .Although the chall
3、enges of teaching a large lecture class are (9) , they are not insurmountable. The solution is to develop (10) methods of classroom instruction that can reduce, if not (11) , many of the difficulties (12) in the mass class. In fact, we have (13) at Kent State University teaching techniques which hel
4、p make a large lecture class more like a small (14) .An (15) but important benefit of teaching the course (16) this manner has involved the activities of the teaching assistants who help us mark students written work. The faculty instructor originally decided to ask the teaching assistants for help
5、(17) this was the only practical way to (18) that all the papers could be evaluated. Now those (19) report enjoying their new status as “junior professors“, gaining a very different (20) on college education by being on the other side of the desk, learning a great deal about the subject matter, and
6、improving their own writing as a direct result of grading other students papers.（分数：10.00）A.shouldB.willC.canD.have toA.requestB.demandC.challengeD.requirementA.andB.butC.althoughD.unlessA.competitiveB.rewardingC.routineD.troublesomeA.spaciouslyB.exceptionallyC.typicallyD.unusuallyA.unconsciousB.imp
7、atientC.unawareD.impersonalA.frequentlyB.delightedlyC.inevitablyD.unexpectedlyA.problemB.solutionC.questionD.answerA.tinyB.potentialC.fundamentalD.substantialA.personalB.innovativeC.initiativeD.persuasiveA.increaseB.accumulateC.eliminateD.diminishA.inherentB.inheritedC.injectedD.integratedA.introduc
8、edB.insertedC.modifiedD.revisedA.conferenceB.assemblyC.seminarD.courseA.incredibleB.obscureC.unanticipatedD.inspiringA.atB.throughC.byD.inA.so thatB.althoughC.whenD.becauseA.ensureB.assureC.secureD.certifyA.new teachersB.senior studentsC.associate professorsD.part-time professionalsA.inspirationB.ex
9、pectationC.stimulationD.perspective二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Passage OneShoppers choose hybrid cars, “green“ washing-up liquid and energy-saving devices over cheaper but dirtier alternatives partly to improve their social status, according to a new study published to
10、day.Bram Van den Bergh of Rotterdam School of Management, one of the studys authors, said: “Driving a luxurious non-green car, like a Hummer, communicates ones wealth, but also suggests that the buyer is a selfish and uncaring individual who is concerned primarily about his own comfort rather than t
11、he welfare of society. Driving a hybrid, like a Prius, not only displays ones wealth as it costs many thousands of dollars more than a conventional but highly fuel-efficient car, but also signals the owner cares about others and the environment.“Adam Corner, a research associate at Cardiff Universit
12、y and expert on the psychology of communicating climate change, said social status is a key driver of behaviour: “Its not surprising that people might choose to try and signal their social status through the conspicuous consumption of green products. Even if people dont care about climate change, th
13、ey care about what other people think of them.“ He added that one of the most important aspects of the research is that the power of social status could be harnessed to become a critical tool in promoting wider changes in pro-environmental behaviour, such as voting for the greenest party in an elect
14、ion or engaging in environmental activism.The study does come with one important warning no one was actually dipping into their wallet. Michael Valvo, a spokesperson for Toyota UK, said that the companys market research indicated the attraction of advanced technology and the cost of the ownership, n
15、ot the environment or social status, were the main reasons drivers bought the Prius hybrid car. “Paying f20,000 for a car is a pretty expensive way to make a statement about being green, its the second biggest purchase after a house,“ he said.The research also failed to reflect the complexity of eth
16、ical consumer activity, said Rob Harrison, the editor of Ethical Consumer magazine. “Ethical buying behaviour is far more complicated. If you look at the Co-Operative Banks report on ethical spending, a third of that annual spend is on investment and banking, which you cant do conspicuously unless y
17、ou leave investment brochures lying around on your coffee table. Our readers say they buy green and ethical products because they want to be instrumental about a goal, such as helping a farm in Kenya by buying fair trade Kenyan coffee.“ He said only a minority of green shoppers buy green products fo
18、r status reasons.（分数：10.00）(1).According to one study, car buyers now _.（分数：2.00）A.regard price as nothing muchB.are more environment-consciousC.show off with expensive luxuriesD.are more concerned with publicity(2).In the view of Bram, Hummer is more a symbol of _.（分数：2.00）A.wealthB.statusC.success
19、D.character(3).To which of the following does Adam Corner most probably agree?（分数：2.00）A.People behave largely in order to enhance their public image.B.Voting is an efficient way to change peoples social status.C.Conspicuous consumption is unsurprisingly pursued and done.D.Environmental participatio
20、n can be promoted in a critical way.(4).Judging from the context, “no one was .dipping into their wallet“ (Par（分数：2.00）A.4) probably means that _.A. technology is the first consideration.B. social status is easily purchased.C. being green is too dear to afford.D. wallet is better covered in hard tim
21、es.(5).The author mentioned the Co-Operative Banks report to show _.（分数：2.00）A.Kenya coffee is a good buy as a green product.B.It is not easy to figure out the morality of consuming.C.Spending on expensive cars is becoming a trend.D.Investment decision is mostly made on a coffee tablPassage TwoTop b
22、usiness chiefs like Indra Nooyi, Anu Agha and Shikha Sharma may have broken the glass ceiling to command their own boardrooms but these are mere exceptions rather than the norm. A new global survey reveals that women enter the workforce in large numbers but over time steadily “vaporise“ from the hig
23、her ranks of organisational hierarchy.Research by a business consulting firm Bain and the company showed that organisations lost talent, with a disproportionate number of women employees at middle and senior levels leaving their jobs. “A 5% decrease in female retention, after 10 years, results in th
24、e equivalent of wiping out the benefits of increasing female recruitment from 30% to 50%,“ the report said.“Achieving gender parity in the workplace is possible if business leaders take a systematic and customised approach to finding out what counteracts women along the way at their organisations,“
25、Orit Gadiesh, Bain chairman and co-author of the study, said. The study showed that senior management in 75% of companies had not made gender parity a stated and visible priority, while 80% of firms had not committed adequate funding or resources to the initiatives.Other findings showed that while 6
26、6% of men reported that they believed women shared equal opportunity to be promoted to leadership and governance positions, less than a third of women felt the same. Also, while a majority of responders supported the idea of gender parity in the workplace, it was the women who voted strongly in favo
27、ur of strategic commitment. More than 80% of women agreed or strongly agreed while only 48% men felt that achieving gender parity should be a critical business imperative for their organisations.Incidentally, while both men (87%) and women (91%) voted in large numbers in favour of the belief that ei
28、ther sex could be a primary breadwinner, when it came to making career sacrifices, however, men and women reacted differently. While 59% of women agreed they would sacrifice their career for the sake of the household, a slightly lower 53% of men felt the same way. Men tended to be more confident tha
29、n women that their partner would make a career sacrifice: in the survey results, 77 of men felt their partner would compromise on their career for the sake of family, while only 45% of women could confidently make the same claim.When asked about recruitment or promotion into management or executive
30、positions, both men and women were less likely to agree that parity existed and men saw a rosier picture than women. In the survey results, about twice as many men as women felt that women had an equal chance as men of being recruited in executive roles, promoted on the same time line into executive
31、 roles or appointed to key leadership or governance roles.（分数：10.00）(1).In the beginning, “vaporise“ is closest in meaning to _.（分数：2.00）A.quitB.promoteC.employD.recruit(2).One of the findings from the study tells us that _.（分数：2.00）A.senior management had no say due to male dominanceB.most companie
32、s couldnt afford the cost of this pursuitC.women could hopefully be treated with dignity one dayD.gender equality was largely neglected by most executives(3).From paragraph 4, we may learn that _.（分数：2.00）A.most male colleagues had equally strong belief in workplace equalityB.a wide gap still existe
33、d in how to make gender parity come trueC.a large part of the females showed no interest in business leadershipD.females should enjoy more opportunities in terms of getting advanced(4).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Executive positions were reserved predominan
34、tly for men alone.B.Men tended to overestimate the situation for female equality.C.Women were the easier victim when career gave in to family.D.Both sexes accepted the role of supporting the family by work.(5).The text is mainly concerned with _.（分数：2.00）A.female sacrificeB.male prioritiesC.gender e
35、qualityD.female promotionPassage ThreeWhen the American economy was running full tilt two years ago, few places were as breathlessly delighted as Seattle. Its port was thronged with ships bringing goods from Asia. The Boeing Company could barely keep up with demand for its airliners. Microsoft was h
36、iring hordes of software engineers. After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up. Here was a city that had it allOld Economy, New Economy, Not-Yet-Invented Economy.Now it has all gone sour. The past 12 months have been a non-stop succession of disappointments. Boeings headquarters
37、decamped to Chicago. The Internet economy popped alike a balloon in a nail factory, taking with it once promising local ventures such as H and leaving cant-possibly-miss companies such as D barely hanging on. And an already troubled Boeing was hit even harder after September 11th both by a steep dro
38、p in airliner orders and by losing a $ 200 billion Joint Strike Fighter contract to Lockheed Martin.Washington State, battered by what is happening in Seattle, now has the highest unemployment rate in the United States-6.6% compared with 5.4% in the country as a whole. Right behind it is next-door O
39、regon, another former boom state, with 6.5% of its workforce out of a job, the countrys second worst figure. In Oregon, manufacturings collapse has caused the loss of nearly 30,000 jobs in a year, those hit range from Freightliner, a maker of heavy lorries, to high-tech companies such as Intel and F
40、ujitsu.What makes the current plunge so painful is that every part of the economy seems to have stepped into an open manhole at the same time. Three years ago, when Boeing began to remove more than 20,000 people that Boeing expects to lay off by the middle of 2002 have to compete with unemployed wor
41、kers not just from the high-tech industry but from construction work and even the retail sector. Portland now has more jobless than the other parts of Oregon: the opposite of how things were years ago.Even worse, the Pacific northwests downturn, as well as being deeper than the rest of the country,
42、may also last longer. One reason for fearing this is Boeings continuing woes. Nowadays Boeing accounts for less than 5% of employment in the Seattle area, down from 9% two decades ago. But it remains the foundation on which the rest is built. Its network of suppliers and subcontractors gives it a fa
43、r stronger multiplier effect than, say, Microsoft, which is more an island of prosperity than a center of web. The chances are that Boeing will not really bounce back until the assumed revival in air travel persuades airline companies to start buying plenty of aircraft again. And that may not be unt
44、il 2003.（分数：10.00）(1).The sentence “After each rain shower, another Internet millionaire sprang up“ (Paragraph 1) means _.（分数：2.00）A.many people get rich quickly and easily with the New EconomyB.it takes only the time between showers for someone to become bossC.Seattles development is sudden like ra
45、in showersD.Seattle has as many business millionaires as its rain showers(2).What can be inferred in the passage concerning Boeing?（分数：2.00）A.Its headquarter has been moved from Chicago to Seattle.B.Its to be blamed for the economic depression in Washington.C.Boeing itself is having a hard time.D.It
46、s expected to have a revival in the year 2003.(3).What does the passage imply about “H“ and “D“?（分数：2.00）A.They are neither promising companies.B.They are affiliated to large companies.C.They are dealing in medical products.D.They are also affected by the economic crisis.(4).What is special about th
47、is economic downturn in Seattle?（分数：2.00）A.All sectors have entered recession at the same time.B.The lay-off workers have found jobs elsewhere.C.The Old Economy is hit harder than other economies.D.The low employment rate will last longer than in Oregon.(5).We can learn from the last paragraph that
48、_.（分数：2.00）A.Microsoft has a strong multiplier effect on the economyB.Boeing is crucial for the survival of other companiesC.Seattle areas employment rate has fallen considerablyD.the economic foundation of Seattle is Boeings continuing prosperityPassage FourEducation begins with teachers. Yet teach
49、ing seems to be losing its appeal for many of the best and brightest college students. In high school, many of the best students decide that they want to be teachers, but their relatives and friends soon convince them to change their minds. One students mother kept reminding her of the relatively skimpy salaries teachers currently earn until the student changed to another major. Another student took computer science courses because his father thought that teach
