1、MBA 联考英语-13 及答案解析(总分：290.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：200.00)The cellphone, a device we have lived with for more than a decade, offers a good example of a popular technologys unforeseen side effects. More than one billion are U(1) /U use around the world, and when asked, their U(2) /U say
2、 they love their phones for the safety and convenience U(3) /U provide. People also report that they are U(4) /U in their use of their phones. One opinion survey U(5) /U that “98 percent of Americans say they move away from U(6) /U when talking on a wireless phone in public“ U(7) /U “86 percent say
3、they never or rarely speak U(8) /U wireless phones“ when conducting U(9) /U with clerks or bank tellers. Clearly, there exists a U(10) /U between our reported cellphone behavior and our actual behavior.Cellphone usersthat is to say, most of usare U(11) /U instigators and victims of this form of conv
4、ersational panhandling, and it U(12) /U a cumulatively negative effect on social space. As the sociologist Erving Gotfman observed in another U(13) /U , there is something deeply disturbing about people who are “ U(14) /U contact” in social situations because they are blatantly refusing to U(15) /U
5、to the norms of their immediate environment. Placing a cellphone call in public instantly transforms the strangers around you U(16) /U unwilling listeners who must cede to your use of the public U(17) /U a decidedly undemocratic effect for so democratic a technology. Listeners dont always passively
6、U(18) /U this situation: in recent years, people have been pepper-sprayed in movie theaters, U(19) /U from concert halls and deliberately rammed with cars as a result of (20) behavior on their cellphones.（分数：200.00）A.ofB.forC.inD.byA.mastersB.ownersC.holdersD.inventorsA.theyB.whoC.thatD.whichA.caref
7、ulB.carelessC.courteousD.cautiousA.expressedB.exposedC.discoveredD.foundA.otherB.othersC.the otherD.anotherA.and thaB.as forC.whereasD.on the contraryA.onB.byC.viaD.fromA.actB.actionsC.operationsD.transactionsA.limitB.gulfC.riverD.boundaryA.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.allA.hasB.hadC.has hadD.had hadA.pla
8、ceB.locationC.spotD.contextA.inB.out ofC.onD.withA.insistB.adhereC.continueD.attachA.andB.inC.intoD.fromA.spaceB.phoneC.serviceD.facilityA.haveB.findC.receiveD.acceptA.refusedB.ejectedC.rejectedD.repelledA.goodB.poorC.politeD.rude二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BText 1/BPrices arc sky-high, with pro
9、fits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces wrenching change, says an expert of energy.“The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending.“ That was the gloomy forecast delivered in February by Dave OReilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to h
10、undreds of oilmen gathered for a conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuelas President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the sentiment: “The world should forget about cheap oil.“The surge in oil prices, from $10 a barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sus
11、tained higher prices. But whenever a “new era“ in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joining Messrs OReilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new “price fl
12、oor“ of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubble that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answering: why did the oil price soar? And what could keep it high?To make matters mor
13、e complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single “oil price“: rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at different prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two reference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But wh
14、en ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of heavier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentioned in this survey are per barrel of WTI.The recent volatility in prices is only on
15、e of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits, this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut out to cope with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to n
16、ew oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond to efforts by governments to deal with oils serious environmental and geopolitical side-effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.（分数：10.00）(
17、1).Dave OReilly and Hugo Chavez believe that（分数：2.00）A.prices of oil and natural gas are very high.B.prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.C.oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.D.the world has forgotten about cheap oil.(2).Judging from paragraph 3, we may infer that oil pric
18、es will（分数：2.00）A.enter into a “new era“.B.reach a new “price floor“.C.get to a new high.D.be hard to predict.(3).According to the passage “West Texas Intermediate“ (Para.4) refers to（分数：2.00）A.an oil industry.B.an oil company.C.a government organization.D.a kind of crude oil.(4).In the authors opin
19、ion, the key to oil price is（分数：2.00）A.energy crisis.B.dozens of varieties of crude trading.C.several challenges facing the oil industry.D.the rise of resource nationalism.(5).What is the tone of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Humorous.B.Indifferent.C.Serious.D.Anxious.BText 2/BEvery spring migrating salmon
20、 return to British Columbias rivers to spawn. And every spring new reports detail fresh disasters that befall them. This year is no different. The fisheries committee of Canadas House of Commons and a former chief justice of British Columbia, Bryan Williams, have just examined separately why 1.3 m s
21、ockeye salmon mysteriously “disappeared“ from the famed Fraser river fishery in 2004. Their conclusions point to a politically explosive conflict between the survival of salmon and the rights of First Nations, as Canadians call IndiansIn 2004, only about 524,000 salmon are thought to have returned t
22、o the spawning grounds, barely more than a quarter the number who made it four years earlier. High water temperatures may have killed many. The House of Commons also lambasted the federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) for poor scientific data, and for failing to enforce catch levels. Four
23、 similar reports since 1992 have called for the departments reform. In vain: its senior officials are “in denial“ about its failings, said the committee.Mr. Williams report added a more shocking twist. He concluded that illegal fishing on the Fraser river is “rampant and out of control“, with “no-go
24、” zones where fisheries officers are told not to confront Indian poachers for fear of violence. The judge complained that the DFO withheld a report by one of its investigators which detailed extensive poaching and sale of salmon by members of the Cheam First Nation, some of whom were armed.Some Firs
25、t Nations claim an unrestricted right to fish and sell their catch. Canadas constitution acknowledges the aboriginal right to fish for food and for social and ceremonial needs, but not a general commercial right. On the Fraser, however, the DFO has granted Indians a special commercial fishery. To so
26、me Indians, even that is not enough.Both reports called for more funds for the DFO, to improve data collection and enforcement. They also recommended returning to a single legal regime for commercial fishing applying to all Canadians.On April 14th, Geoff Regan, the federal fisheries minister, respon
27、ded to two previous reports from a year ago. One, from a First Nations group, suggested giving natives a rising share of the catch. The other proposed a new quota system for fishing licences, and the conclusion of long-standing talks on treaties, including fishing rights, with First Nations. Mr. Reg
28、an said his department would spend this year consulting “stakeholders“ (natives, commercial and sport fishermen). It will also launch pilot projects aimed at improving conservation, enforcement and First Nations access to fisheries.（分数：10.00）(1).The “explosive conflict“ in Para 1 refers to（分数：2.00）A
29、.Salmons return to spawn and its survival.B.The fisheries committee of Canadas House of Commons and Bryan WilliamsC.The struggle between sockeye salmon and human beings.D.The collision between salmons survival and human fishery.(2).The number of salmon every spring in British Columbias rivers four y
30、ears earlier is（分数：2.00）A.1.3 million.B.about 524,000.C.about 1,824,000.D.above 2,000,000.(3).Which of the following is NOT the reason for the decrease of salmon according to Mr Williams?（分数：2.00）A.High water temperatures.B.Shocking twist.C.Illegal fishing.D.Officials failings.(4).Geoff Regan, the f
31、ederal fisheries minister is most probably going to（分数：2.00）A.responding to two previous reports.B.proposing a new quota system for fishing licences.C.consulting natives, commercial and sport fishermen.D.keeping a balance between conservation, enforcement and fisheries.(5).The best title for the pas
32、sage may be（分数：2.00）A.Where have the salmon gone9B.How to protect the salmon?C.Environment and fisheryD.The survival of salmon and the rights of First NationsBText 3/BAsias real boat-rocker is a growing China, not Japan, a senior American economist observed.There is so much noise surrounding and ema
33、nating from the worlds miracle economy that it is becoming cacophonous. In Washington, DC, the latest idea is that China is becoming too successful, perhaps even dangerously so: while Capitol Hill resounds with complaints of trade surpluses and currency manipulation, the Pentagon and sundry think-ta
34、nks echo to a new drumbeat of analysts worrying about Chinas 12.6% annual rise in military spending and about whether it might soon have the ability to take pre-emptive military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it. So it may be no coincidence that for three consecutive weekends the streets of big Ch
35、inese cities have been filled with the sounds of demonstrators marching and rocks being thrown, all seeking to send a different message: that Japan is the problem in Asia, not China, because of its wanton failure to face up to its history; and that by cosying up to Japan in security matters, America
36、 is allying with Asias pariah.Deafness is not the only risk from all this noise. The pressure towards protectionism in Washington is strong, and could put in further danger not only trade with China but also the wider climate for trade liberalisation in the Doha round of the World Trade Organisation
37、 (WTO). So far words have been the main weapons used between China and Japan, but there is a chance that nationalism in either or both countries could lead the governments to strike confrontational poses over their territorial disputes in the seas that divide them, even involving their navies. And t
38、he more that nationalist positions become entrenched in both countries but especially China, the more that street protests could become stirred up, perhaps towards more violence.All these issues are complex ones and, as is often the case in trade and in historical disputes, finding solutions is like
39、ly to be far from simple. A revaluation of the yuan, as demanded in Congress, would not re-balance trade between America and China, though it might help a little, in due course. A “sincere“ apology by Japan for its wartime atrocities might also help a little, but it would not suddenly turn Asias nat
40、ural great-power rivals into bosom buddies. For behind all the noise lies one big fact: that it is the rise of China, not the status or conduct of Japan, that poses Asias thorniest questions.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph we may see that Americas attitude towards Chinas success is（分数：2.00）A.
41、friendly.B.hostile.C.objective.D.prejudiced.(2).Judging from the context, “think-tanks“(Line 5, Para.2,) probably means（分数：2.00）A.Tanks that can think as human beings.B.An institute or group organized for interdisciplinary research.C.A group of authoritative people.D.Scholars and professional men.(3
42、).What is the reason for the demonstrations in the streets of big Chinese cities?（分数：2.00）A.China takes military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it.B.Japan is the problem in Asia, not China.C.Japan is unwilling to face up to its history.D.America is allying with Asias pariah.(4).How will the territ
43、orial disputes between China and Japan be settled according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.By words and negotiations.B.With their navies.C.Through more violence.D.By means beyond his knowledge.(5).According to the author the main cause of the issues in Asia is（分数：2.00）A.trade and historical disputes.B.the
44、 appreciation of the yuan.C.Japans refusal of apology for its wartime atrocities.D.the rise of China.BText 4/BIt has been a wretched few weeks for Americas celebrity bosses. AIGs Maurice Greenberg has been dramatically ousted from the firm through which he dominated global insurance for decades. At
45、Morgan Stanley a mutiny is forcing Philip Purcell, a boss used to getting his own way, into an increasingly desperate campaign to save his skin. At Boeing, Harry Stonecipher was called out of retirement to lead the scandal-hit firm and raise ethical standards, only to commit a lapse of his own, bein
46、g sacked for sending e- mails to a lover who was also an employee. Carly Fiorina was the most powerful woman in corporate America until a few weeks ago, when Hewlett-Packard (HP) sacked her for poor performance. The fate of Bernie Ebbers is much grimmer. The once high-profile boss of WorldCom could
47、well spend the rest of his life behind bars following his conviction last month on fraud charges.In different ways, each of these examples appears to point to the same, welcome conclusion: that the imbalance in corporate power of the late 1990s, when many bosses were allowed to behave like absolute
48、monarchs, has been corrected. Alas, appearances can be deceptive. While each of these recent tales of chief-executive woe is a sign of progress, none provides much evidence that the crisis in American corporate governance is yet over. In fact, each of these cases is an example of failed, not success
49、ful, governance.At the very least, the boards of both Morgan Stanley and HP were far too slow to address their bosses inadequacies. The record of the Boeing board in picking chiefs prone to ethical lapses is too long to be dismissed as mere bad luck. The fall of Messrs Greenberg and Ebbers, meanwhile, highlights the growing role of governmentand, in particular, o
