1、MBA 联考-英语-8 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The work was almost complete when we received the order to _ no further with it.A. progress B. proceed C. prompt D. promote（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.Because his health is getting worse, he has to _ himself from drinking to excess
2、.A. restrain B. confine C. restrict D. confirm（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.The doctors _the newly approved drug into the patient when he was critically ill.A. injected B. rejected C. projected D. subjected（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.You shouldnt be so _ I didnt mean anything bad in what I said.A. sentimental B. sensib
3、le C. sensitive D. sophisticated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.It is believed that the government gets a (an) _ from taxes and the profits from state-run business.A. income B. interest C. revenue D. premium（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.The poor lady was too _ and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engaged B. exhauste
4、d C. ignorant D. energetic（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.If _ and lodging are included in educational fees, a university student in the U.S. will need approximately $10,000 a year.A. meal B. board C. food D. provisions（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.The poor countries are extremely _ to international economic fluctuations.A
5、. inclined B. vulnerable C. attracted D. reduced（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have supplies of petroleum.A. pure B. efficient C. potential D. sufficient（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.Immediate solution should be _ to save the people from the flood that ha
6、s swept southern China this summer.A. called at B. called for C. called on D. called in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.The post-World War baby _ resulted in a 43 percent increase in the number of teenagers in the 1960s and 1970s.A. bomb B. boom C. production D. prosperity（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.I managed to talk do
7、wn the price and bought the coat _ the discount of 20 percent.A. for B. with C. on D. at（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.They decided to leave a big _ to the waiter because the food and service had been excellent.A. fee B. tip C. prize D. reward（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.Not only the professionals but also the amateurs
8、 will _ from the new training facilities.A. derive B. acquire C. benefit D. reward（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.Since our knowledge is _, none of us can exclude the possibility of being wrong.A. delicate B. restrained C. controlled D. finite（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.The manager is calling on a _ customer trying to
9、talk him into signing the contract.A. prosperous B. preliminary C. pessimistic D. prospective（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.My brother likes eating very much but he isnt very _ about the food he eats.A. special B. peculiar C. particular D. unusual（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.They have wide connections with an annual _
10、of about 5 million dollars.A. levy B. exemption C. sale D. turnover（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.People were surprised to find that he had the ability to _ everything he was involved in.A. precede B. dominate C. effect D. instruct（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.The team played hard because the championship of the state w
11、as _.A. at hand B. at stake C. at large D. at best（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two behavior segments in some novel way, never actually performed before, so a
12、s to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, (21) a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hulls principles. The children were given the (22) of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage (23) .
13、 The children were trained on each stage (24) . The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of (25) the marble into a small hole to release the toy.The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. (26) the task of gett
14、ing a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble. (All they had to do was put it in a hole.) (27) they did not for the most part integrate, to use the Kendlers terminology. They did not press th
15、e button to get the marble and then (28) without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive (29) .The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from (30) psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an Afri
16、can culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers task either. But it lessens, (31) when we learn that a task was devised which was (32) to the Kendlers one but much easier for the African males to handle.(33) the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two (34) colored match-boxes, one of w
17、hich contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two (35) segments-“open the right matchbox to get the key“ and “use the key to open the box“-so the task seems formally to be (36) But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machin
18、e but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then (37) that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, (38) , the difficulty lies not in the (39) processes
19、which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem (40) college students did in the Kendlers own experiments.（分数：
20、10.00）(1).A. devised B. made C. did D. produced（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. work B. duty C. task D. obligation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. consequence B. sequence C. result D. order（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. exclusively B. completely C. fully D. separately（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. inferring B. importing C. inserti
21、ng D. imagining（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. Given B. Appointed C. Furnished D. Distributed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. Moreover B. But C. Thus D. Then（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. prolong B. propose C. process D. proceed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. reassuming B. discussing C. reasoning D. demonstrating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(
22、10).A. another B. different C. additional D. else（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. whats more B. in the second placeC. in addition D. on the other hand（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. like B. similar C. diverse D. familiar（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. Apart from B. Thanks to C. Instead of D. Except for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(1
23、4).A. correctly B. equally C. intendedly D. differently（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. manner B. behavior C. deed D. activity（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. the same B. the identical C. the duplicate D. the alike（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. turns on B. turns over C. turns out D. turns up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. eithe
24、r B. also C. likewise D. too（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. infectious B. inferential C. innovative D. indignant（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. as much as B. as soon as C. as well as D. as quickly as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Is it possible that the ideas we h
25、ave today about ownership and property rights have been so universal in the human mind that it is truly as if they had sprung from the mind of God? By no means. The idea of owning and property emerged in the mists of unrecorded history. The ancient Jews, for one, had a very different outlook on prop
26、erty and ownership, viewing it as something much more temporary and tentative than we do.The ideas we have in America about the private ownership of productive property as a natural and universal right of mankind, perhaps of divine origin, are by no means universal and must be viewed as an invention
27、 of man rather than an order of God. Of course, we are completely trained to accept the idea of ownership of the earth and its products, raw and transformed. It seems not at all strange; in fact, it is quite difficult to imagine a society without such arrangements. If someone, some individuals, didn
28、t own that plot of land, that house, that factory, that machine, that tower of wheat, how would we function? What would the rules be? Whom would we buy from and how would we sell?It is important to acknowledge a significant difference between achieving ownership simply by taking or claiming property
29、 and owning what we tend to call the “fruit of labor.“ If I, alone or together with my family, work on the land and raise crops, or if I make something useful out of natural material, it seems reasonable and fair to claim that the crops or the objects belong to me or my family, are my property, at l
30、east in the sense that I have first claim on them. Hardly anyone would dispute that. In fact, some of the early radical workingmens movements made (an ownership) claim on those very grounds. As industrial organization became more complex, however, such issues became vastly more intricate. It must be
31、 clear that in modem society the social heritage of knowledge and technology and the social organization of manufacture and exchange account for far more of the productivity of industry and the value of what is produced than can be accounted for by the labor of any number of individuals. Hardly any
32、person can now point and say, “That-that right there-is the fruit of my labor.“ We can say, as a society, as a nation-as a world, really-that what is produced is the fruit of our labor, the product of the whole society as a collectivity.We have to recognize that the right of private individual owner
33、ship of property is man-made and constantly dependent on the extent to which those without property believe that the owner can make his claim, dependent on the extent to which those without stick.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the concept of ownership probably _.A. resulted from the concept
34、 of property rightB. stemmed from the uncovered prehistoric agesC. arose from the generous blessing of the CreatorD. originated from the undetected Middle Ages（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The author thinks private ownership to be _.A. a necessary invention of mankindB. an inherent right of a human beingC. a
35、 permanent arrangement for societyD. an explicit idea of some individuals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We learn by inference that private property may _.A. be viewed as a design of inventive powersB. be treated as a discovery of our ancestorsC. function as the universal rule of tradingD. serve as the basis o
36、f market economy（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It is reasonable to claim ones own fruit of labor because _.A. his labor accounts for the product and its valueB. he has the priority to lay claim on the productC. his labor is widely recognized and respectedD. he has the grounds for making claims first（分数：2.00）A
37、.B.C.D.(5).Private ownership of property is described at the end of the passage as _.A. a production of early mans manual workB. a demand for greater productivity in industryC. varying with the shift in human agreementsD. denied by socialized production and exchange（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Two(总题数
38、：1，分数：10.00)Gene therapy and gene-based drugs are two ways we could benefit from our growing mastery of genetic science. But there will be others as well. Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming
39、years.While its true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason: the last thing you want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only
40、 time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells havent begun to specialize.Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells-brain cells in Alzheimers, ca
41、rdiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few. If doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue.It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin manage
42、d to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, gut, muscle and bone cells. The process still cant be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations. But if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power.Th
43、e same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin; true cloning, as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuv
44、enated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent.For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year
45、 scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmot did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year.Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to
46、 reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove to be a true “miracle cure./（分数：10.00）(1).The author believes in the p
47、assage that _.A. there will inevitably be human cloning in the coming yearB. the potential to make healthy body tissues is undoubtedly a boon to human beingsC. it is illegal to clone any kind of creatures in the worldD. it is legal to clone any kind of creatures in the world except human（分数：2.00）A.B
48、.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Nearly every cell in the human brain has the instructions to make a complete human.B. It is impossible for a cell in your nose to turn into a kidney.C. It is possible to turn out healthy replacement tissues with isola
49、ted stem cells.D. There will certainly appear some new kind of cloned animal in the near future.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).All of the following are steps involved in true cloning EXCEPT _.A. selecting a stem cellB. taking a developed cellC. reactivating the genome within the developed cellD. resetting the developmental instructions in the cell to its original state（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “rejuvenated“ (Paragraph 5) most probably
