1、MBA 联考-英语-14 及答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be _ to work hard, with the result that tax revenues might actually shrink.A. cultivated B. licensed C. motivated D. innovated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.To give praise _ the g
2、iver nothing but a moments thought and a moments effort.A. costs B. tells C. benefits D. prizes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.It is obvious that _of about 40% will be attractive if the dollar really stabilizes.A. manufacture B. yield C. creating D. receiving（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.The police searched the building _
3、but failed to find out where the bomb was.A. throughout B. fully C. altogether D. thoroughly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.Williams had not been there during the _ moments when the kidnapping had taken place.A. superior B. rigorous C. vital D. unique（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.The government _ a heavy tax on tobacco, wh
4、ich aroused opposition from the tobacco industry.A. pronounced B. imposed C. composed D. prescribed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.We hoped to be able to get married early this month, but things didnt _ as we had expected.A. work out B. come by C. fill up D. lay down（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.It is estimated that, curre
5、ntly, about 50000 species become _ every year.A. extinct B. instinct C. distinct D. intense（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.As an outstanding scholar, he has become _ to the research team.A. senior B. junior C. indispensable D. independent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.I1. He is quite sure that its _ impossible for him to f
6、ulfill the task within two days.A. roughly B. exclusively C. fully D. absolutely（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.Modern medicine and new methods of food production allow adults to live longer and babies to _ easier.A. exist B. extinct C. survive D. revive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.He has made a very serious mistake in
7、his planning. He has forgotten that the rule is only _ to the U.S. citizen.A. competent B. suitable C. appropriate D. applicable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.The headmaster warned him to _his ways if he wanted to stay at the school.A. repair B. restore C. mend D. protect（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.She _ some importan
8、t details in her account, which aroused the polices suspicion.A. left off B. left out C. left for D. left over（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.We are willing to allow you _ at 10% calculated on gross profits.A. commodity B. consignmentC. conveyance D. commission（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.They tried to prevail _ Mary to
9、 invest all her money in the project.A. at B. into C. above D. on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.The prices quoted above do not include any taxes and levies _ upon the personnel by the government of the project-host country.A. imposed B. imported C. improved D. impressed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.I can _ some noise wh
10、ile Im studying, but I cant stand loud noises.A. come up with B. catch up with C. put up with D. keep up with（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.Some sufferers will quickly be restored to perfect health, _ others will take a longer time.A. which B. where C. when D. whereas（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.It is unimaginable for
11、someone in such a high _ in the government to behave so badly in public.A. situation B. position C. profession D. appointment（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The role of governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable. Sometimes, the state tries to manage the reso
12、urces it owns, and does so badly. Often, (21) , governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subsidize the exploitation and (22) of natural resources. A whole (23) of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coal-mining, do environmental damage and (often) (24) no economic s
13、ense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold (25) : a cleane r environment and a more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to (26) the vested interest that subsidies create.No activity affects more of the earths surface than farming.
14、It shapes a third of the planets land area, not (27) Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 per cent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases in (28) from land already in (29) , but also because more land has been brought under the plou
15、gh. Higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation, better crop breeding, and a (30) in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the 1970s and 1980s.All these activities may have (31) environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single (32) of d
16、eforestation; chemical fertilizers and pesticides may (33) water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods (34) exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the (35) of old varieties of food p
17、lants which (36) some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, (37) the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a
18、rate (38) to diminish the soils productivity. The country subsequently (39) a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is (40) much faster than in America.（分数：10.00）(1).A. when B. while C. which D. where（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. probable B. cap
19、able C. likely D. hopeful（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. set up B. take up C. build up D. make up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. vanishing B. staying C. appearing D. dissolving（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. however B. therefore C. but D. hence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. conjunction B. compensation C. consumption D. constituti
20、on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. area B. range C. scope D. field（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. take B. hold C. lose D. make（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. profit B. bonus C. benefit D. prize（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. confront B. confine C. conform D. confuse（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. thinking B. considering C. longing D. cou
21、nting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. outputs B. supplies C. yields D. outcomes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. revolution B. civilization C. reservation D. cultivation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. doubling B. reducing C. dismissing D. repeating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. destroying B. damaging C. injuring D. ruining（分数：0.
22、50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. excuse B. justification C. cause D. ground（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. purify B. clean C. dirty D. contaminate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. come to B. bring to C. tend to D. stand to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. disappearance B. discovery C. disposition D. disturbance（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. mu
23、st have been provided B. might have providedC. must have provided D. might have been provided（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Anyone who doubts that global financial markets control national economies need only look at the crisis facing the “tigers“ of
24、 the Far East. Last year, the value of their currencies dropped rapidly, after investors decided that their economic policies were not strong enough; now the region is suffering slower growth, lower living standards and rising unemployment.The situation in Asia shows how power has shifted from indiv
25、idual governments to the markets. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being penalized by the markets.Adjusting to this new “economic order“ is proving difficult, in the developed world, and in particula
26、r the European Union, globalization is facing widespread public resistance. Critics complain that, without the protection of trade barriers, jobs are being lost to workers in poorer countries, and wages for employees in rich countries are falling. Opponents in the European Union point to the effects
27、 that globalization has had in the U.S. and Britain. In those countries, wages are stagnant-except for a few privileged-and taxes and welfare benefits have been reduced to help companies compete with industries in the developing world.Those in favor of globalization accuse their critics of being sho
28、rtsighted protectionists. They claim that a more integrated global economy will ultimately benefit everyone because it will enable countries to specialize in those areas where they perform best. Developing countries, with their higher populations and lower wages, will concentrate on labor-intensive
29、industries. The richer countries, on the other hand, will diversify into high-tech industries, where high productivity and specialist knowledge are paramount. The effect of this will be to improve productivity in all countries, leading to higher living standards. The free movement of capital will al
30、so help poorer countries develop so that they can play a full and active role in the world economy.But how close are we to a truly global economy? For those in favor of globalization, probably too close. But in terms of real economic integration, there are still many problems to be solved. A global
31、economy would mean complete freedom of movement of goods and services, capital, and labor. Yet, even ignoring the tariffs and other restrictions still in place, cross-border trade remains tiny as compared with the volume of goods and services traded within countries; foreign investment is also extre
32、mely small, amounting to little more than five percent of the developed worlds domestic investments.But what is really holding globalization back is the lack of labor mobility. Labor markets remain overwhelmingly national, even in areas like the European Union, where citizens can live and work in an
33、y EU country. The main reasons for this are language and cultural barriers; the lack of internationally recognized qualifications; and, in some cases, strict immigration controls.（分数：10.00）(1).The main reason why some Asian countries are suffering from economic depression is that they _.A. doubt tha
34、t global financial markets will control national economiesB. fail to follow a global economic model adequatelyC. have set their own free economic policiesD. have their power interfere with the markets（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The main opposition to globalization is that _.A. taxes and welfare in the deve
35、loped countries are reduced without protection of trade barriersB. there are too great economic differences between rich and poor countriesC. globalization is beneficial to the developing countries onlyD. high productivity and specialist knowledge are not suitable to labor-intensive industries（分数：2.
36、00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the sentence “wages are stagnant“ (Paragraph 3) most probably mean?A. Wages stop rising.B. Wages are so high that there is no need to rise.C. There is a pause in wages, but they will soon rise.D. Wages begin to fall.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “paramount“ (Paragraph 4) may
37、 be replaced by _.A. vital B. more important C. less important D. similar（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author suggests in the passage that in order to realize a truly global economy, great efforts should be made in all the following aspects EXCEPT _.A. elimination of language and cultural barriersB. perm
38、ission of free labor mobilityC. increase in the volume of goods and services traded beyond borderD. reduction of tariffs and loosening of other restrictions（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)After Tesco entered the Thai market in 1998 with its brand of colorful, well-stocked superstores,
39、angry local competitors tried to impede the powerhouse UK-based retailers progress with a wall of lawsuits-including one that would have forced Tesco Lotus, the companys regional subsidiary, to shut off air-conditioning because chilly stores posed a public health hazard to the equatorial Thai people
40、. Frivolous legal actions were a minor nuisance compared with what came next. Over a five-month period last year, two Tesco Lotus outlets were bombed, another peppered with automatic weapons fire and yet another hit by a rocket-propelled grenade.Despite threats by governments to ban them, chains inc
41、luding Frances Carrefour and U.S.-based Wal-Mart are ramping up plans to hundreds of new outlets throughout the region over the next several years. The onslaught threatens to run local retailers right out of business. Local retailers are not the only ones displaced when the superstore comes to town.
42、 Because of their high turnover, hypermarkets can throw their weight around with local suppliers by demanding lower prices. Costco buys directly from manufacturers to stock its two stores in Japan-a practice that disrupts the countrys entrenched but inefficient distribution networks. Thats not to sa
43、y the foreigners are unstoppable. Carrefour, the worlds second largest retailer, tried and failed to crack the Hong Kong market in the 1990s. Hong Kong consumers seemed to prefer familiar neighborhood chain stores.Undeterred, foreign hypermarkets have learned to adapt, often by forming joint venture
44、s with domestic partners and by stocking local wares. “A lot of people make the mistake of thinking that when Wal-Mart comes to town, we set up exactly the same system as we do everywhere,“ says Holley of Wal-Mart. “But we take our best practices and customize it to each market.“Mike Sinegal, head o
45、f Costcos Japan operations, agrees that stores must trim their sails according to prevailing winds, but dismisses the notion that Asian consumers are very different from shoppers in, say, Los Angeles. When Costco entered Japan, he says, local suppliers insisted American shampoos wouldnt sell because
46、 Japanese hair is different. But Costcos private-label brand quickly became one of its top-selling products. “The bottom line is that the uniqueness of these markets is overrated,“ says Sinegal.Local retailers assert that they are more aware of the local people and their consumption customs compared
47、 with the foreigners. Shoppers, however, dont seem to care. Because of economic globalization, it doesnt matter whether you are a foreign store or a domestic store. Whats important is that you provide what local customers really need at a price that most people can afford.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the p
48、assage mainly about?A. The influence of foreign superstores on Asias economy.B. The challenges that foreign superstores face in Asia.C. The marketing strategies of famous foreign superstores in Asia.D. The role of famous hypermarkets in the process of economic globalization.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The
49、phrase “throw ones weight around“ (Paragraph 2) probably means _.A. to look down upon others and intimidate others into doing somethingB. to spend money foolishly in order to show ones wealthC. to use ones power to tell people what to do in an unpleasant wayD. to discourage others by showing off their strength（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Mike Sinegal indicates that _.A. the foreign chains should take their best practices and customize the
