1、MBA 联考-英语-13 及答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The old worker has been on the _ in this factory for nearly 20 years.A. pay packet B. payoff C. payroll D. payment（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.The population will be increasing very fast unless they _ with new methods to deal with i
2、t.A. come to B. come away C. come over D. come up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.Travel around Japan today, and one sees foreign residents holding a wide _ of jobs.A. range B. field C. scale D. area（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.We find it extremely difficult to _ the meaning of what he has just said.A. get into B. get over
3、 C. get across D. get at（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.To give praise _ the giver nothing but a moments thought and a moments effort.A. costs B. tells C. benefits D. prizes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Some companies have introduced _ working time with less emphasis on pressure and more on efficiency.A. rigid B. limited C
4、. flexible D. strict（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.Falling sales and rising overheads have obliged the company to review each customers _ limit.A. credit B. currency C. check D. certificate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and
5、that teaching must _ the curiosity and creativity of children.A. seek B. stimulate C. pursue D. secure（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.John was very upset because he was _ by the police with breaking the law.A. sentenced B. arrested C. accused D. charged（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.Robert seldom has the opportunity to dat
6、e with her. Because her family _ her to stay out after darkness.A. stop B. hinder C. prohibit D. forbid（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.I must leave now. _ , if you want that book Ill bring it to you tomorrow,A. Accidentally B. Incidentally C. Occasionally D. Subsequently（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.Susan has _ the elbow
7、s of her sons jacket with leather patches to make it more durable.A. reinforced B. sustained C. spread D. confirmed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.It is estimated that, currently, about 50000 species become _ every year.A. extinct B. instinct C. distinct D. intense（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.Consciously or not, ordinar
8、y citizens and government bureaucrats still _ the notion that Japanese society is a unique culture.A. fit in with B. look down on C. cling to D. hold back（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.I dont like football, but some people are _ about it, which is beyond my comprehension.A. fond B. anxious C. crazy D. curious（
9、分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.The goods confiscated by the customs are going to be put up at _ tomorrow morning.A. attention B. auction C. allocation D. auditorium（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.A national debate is now _ about whether we should replace golden weeks with paid vacations.A. in the way B. by the way C. under
10、 way D. out of the way（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.Eye contact is important because wrong contact may create a communication _A. barrier B. tragedy C. vacuum D. question（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.Many businesses promotion campaigns _ because they never fulfill what they have said in their ads.A. pass away B. get by
11、 C. fall through D. give away（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.Part of the school sports _ will be used to improve the condition of the football field.A. money B. fund C. bill D. finance（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence o
12、f reasoning lies in the putting together of two behavior segments in some novel way, never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, (21) a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hulls principles. The children were given t
13、he (22) of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage (23) . The children were trained on each stage (24) . The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of (25) the marble into a small hole t
14、o release the toy.The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. (26) the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble. (All they had to do wa
15、s put it in a hole.) (27) they did not for the most part integrate, to use the Kendlers terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then (28) without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive (29) .The mystery
16、at first appears to deepen when we learn, from (30) psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers task either. But it lessens, (31) when we learn that a task was devised which was (32) to the Kendlers one but much easier for the A
17、frican males to handle.(33) the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two (34) colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two (35) segments-“open the right matchbox to get the key“ and “use the key to open the box“-so the task
18、 seems formally to be (36) But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then (37) that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.Recent work by Simon Hew
19、son is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, (38) , the difficulty lies not in the (39) processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of
20、 the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem (40) college students did in the Kendlers own experiments.（分数：10.00）(1).A. devised B. made C. did D. produced（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. work B. duty C. task D. obligation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. consequence B. sequence C. result D. order（分数：0.5
21、0）A.B.C.D.(4).A. exclusively B. completely C. fully D. separately（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. inferring B. importing C. inserting D. imagining（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. Given B. Appointed C. Furnished D. Distributed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. Moreover B. But C. Thus D. Then（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. prolong B. pro
22、pose C. process D. proceed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. reassuming B. discussing C. reasoning D. demonstrating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. another B. different C. additional D. else（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. whats more B. in the second placeC. in addition D. on the other hand（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. like B. sim
23、ilar C. diverse D. familiar（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. Apart from B. Thanks to C. Instead of D. Except for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. correctly B. equally C. intendedly D. differently（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. manner B. behavior C. deed D. activity（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. the same B. the identical C. the du
24、plicate D. the alike（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. turns on B. turns over C. turns out D. turns up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. either B. also C. likewise D. too（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. infectious B. inferential C. innovative D. indignant（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. as much as B. as soon as C. as well as D. as qui
25、ckly as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much has
26、been accomplished for the modern period, premodern cultures have proved more difficult: sources are restricted in number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures has so far gone unchal
27、lenged. An example is Johanna Bachofens 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient Greece.,Starting from the premise that mythology and legend preserve at least a nucleus of historical fact, Bachofen argued that women were dominant in many anc
28、ient societies. His work was based on a comprehensive survey of references in the ancient sources to Amazonian and other societies with matrilineal customs-societies in which descent and property rights are traced through the female line. Some support for his theory can be found in evidence such as
29、that drawn from Herodotus, the Greek “historian“ of the fifth century B.C., who speaks of an Amazonian society, the Sauromatae, where the women hunted and fought in wars. A woman in this society was not allowed to marry until she had killed a person in battle.Nonetheless, this assumption that the fi
30、rst recorders of ancient myths have preserved facts is problematic. If one begins by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek descriptions of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact-real Amazonian societies-but rather to offer “
31、moral lessons“ on the supposed outcome of women rule in their own society. The Amazons were often characterized, for example, as the equivalents of giants and centaurs, enemies to be slain by Greek heroes. Their customs were presented not as those of a respectable society, but as the very antitheses
32、 of ordinary Greek practices.Thus, I would argue, the purpose of accounts of the Amazons for their male Greek recorders was didactic to teach both male and female Greeks that all-female groups, formed by withdrawal from traditional society, are destructive and dangerous. Myths about the Amazons were
33、 used as arguments for the male-dominated status quoin, in which groups composed exclusively of other sex were not permitted to segregate themselves permanently from society. Bachofen was thus misled in this reliance on myths for information about the status of women. The sources that will probably
34、tell contemporary historians most about women in the ancient world are such social documents as gravestones, wills, and marriage contracts. Studies of such documents have already begun to show how mistaken we are when we try to derive our picture of the ancient world exclusively from literary source
35、s, especially myths.（分数：10.00）(1).The primary purpose of the passage is to _. A. compare competing new approaches to understanding the role of women in ancient societiesB. investigate Bachofens theory about the dominance of women in ancient societiesC. analyze the nature of Amazonian society and unc
36、over similarities between it and the GreekD. criticize the value of ancient myths in determining the status of women in ancient societies（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The author suggests that the main reason for the persisting influence of Bachofens work is that _.A. feminists have shown little interest in a
37、ncient societiesB. Bachofens knowledge of Amazonian culture is unparalleledC. reliable information about the ancient world is difficult to acquireD. historians have been primarily interested in the modern period（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The following problems are thought to be connected with the Sources
38、for knowledge of premodern cultures EXCEPT _.A. partial completeness B. restricted accessibilityC. limited quantity D. difficulty of interpretation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The authors attitude toward Bachofens treatise is best described as one of _.A. qualified approval B. profound ambiguityC. studied n
39、eutrality D. pointed disagreement（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author cites the case of Johann Bachofen mainly to _.A. show the value of studies on premodern womens statusB. justify the unchallenging works of earlier scholarsC. present to readers an ancient women-ruled communityD. prove the difficulty in
40、 the research of premodern cultures（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Migration is usually defined as “permanent or semi-permanent change of residence“. However, our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed
41、international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants.Students of human migration speak of “push“ and “pull“ factors, which influence an individuals decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are ass
42、ociated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pul
43、l factors do influence their choice of destination).Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good lif
44、e and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the n
45、ew place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in.Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call “intervening obstacles.“ Even if push and (or) pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the troubl
46、e and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival. The decision to move is also influenced by “personal factors“ of the potential migrant. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environme
47、nt may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another. Regardless of why people move, migration of large numb
48、ers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.（分数：10.00）(1).The author thinks th
49、at pull factors _.A. are all related to economic considerationsB. are not as decisive as push factorsC. include a variety of considerationsD. are more important than push factors（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).People moving within country borders are often motivated by the desire to _.A. follow suitB. live close to relativesC. integrate themselves into the mainstream societyD. escape persecution（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It is implied in the
