1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-8 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Its an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that (1) evening youre burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, (2) are throwing the books at kids. (3
2、) elementary school students are complaining of homework (4) Whats a well-meaning parent to do?“As hard as (5) may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though youve got to get them to do it, (6) helping too much, or even examining (7) too carefully, you may keep them (8) doing it by themselves. “
3、I wouldnt advise a parent to cheek every (9) assignment,“ says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework. “Theres a (10) of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children (11) the grade they deserve.“Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger
4、children and ask them to rethink their (12) . But “you dont want them to feel it has to be (13) ,“ she says.Thats not to say parents should (14) homeworkfirst, they should monitor how much homework their kids (15) . Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in (16) four, five, a
5、nd six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be “ (17) more than an hour and a half,“ and two for high-school students, If your child (18) has more homework than this, you may want to check (19) other parents and then talk to the teacher about (20) assignment.（分数：10.00）(1).A
6、. very B. exact C. right D. usual（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. officials B. parents C. experts D. schools（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Also B. Even C. Then D. However（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. fatigue B. confusion C. duty D. puzzle（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. there B. we C. they D. it（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. via B. unde
7、r C. by D. for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. questions B. answers C. standards D. rules（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. off B. without C. beyond D. from（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. single B. piece C. page D. other（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. drop B. short C. cut D. lack（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. acquire B. earn C. gather D. r
8、each（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. exercises B. defects C. mistakes D. tests（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. perfect B. better C. unusual D. complete（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. forget B. refuse C. miss D. ignore（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. have B. prepare C. make D. perform（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. classes B. groups C. g
9、rades D. terms（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. about B. no C. much D. few（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. previously B. rarely C. merely D. consistently（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. with B. in C. out D. up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. finishing B. lowering C. reducing D. declining（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分
10、数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Want a glimpse of the future of health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people involved in patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient-no
11、 matter where he or she may be.Online doctors offering advice based on standardized symptoms are the most obvious example. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis (telemedicine) will be based on real physiological data from the actual patient. A group from the university of Kentucky has shown that b
12、y using an off-the shelf (现成的) PDA (personal data assistance) such as a Palm Pilot plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly feasible to transmit a patients vital signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment in a first- aid kit (急救包), the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could
13、well be a thing of the past.Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster response-especially after earthquakes. Overall, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expe
14、rtise.But there is one problem. Bandwidth is the limiting factor for transmitting complex medical images around the world-CT scans being one of the biggest bandwidth consumers. Communications satellites may be able to cope with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes, wars or famin
15、es. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of distributed medical intelligence.Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communi
16、cations, the new technologies should usher in (迎来) an era when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, expert opinion and diagnosis are common.（分数：10.00）(1).The basis of remote diagnosis will be _.A. standardized symptoms of a patientB. personal data assistanceC. transmitted complex med
17、ical imagesD. real physiological complex medical（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The sentence “the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past“ means _.A. now people probably would not ask if there is a doctor in the houseB. patients used to cry and ask if there was a do
18、ctor in the houseC. in the past people often cried and asked if there was a doctor in the houseD. patients are now still asking if there is a doctor in the house（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).All the following statements are true EXCEPT that _.A. it is now feasible to transmit a patients vital signs over tele
19、phoneB. flood is not among the disasters mentioned in the passageC. the trend in applying telemedicine is toward providing global access to medical dataD. telemedicine is being used by many medical teams as a tool for disaster response（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “problem“ in the fourth paragraph r
20、efers to the fact that _.A. there are not enough mobile phones for distributing medical intelligenceB. CT scans are one of the biggest bandwidth consumersC. bandwidth is not adequate to transmit complex medical images around the worldD. communications satellites can only cope with the short-term nee
21、ds during disasters（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A proper title for the passage may be _.A. Improvement in Communications B. The Online Doctor Is In AccessC. Application of Telemedicine D. How to Make Remote Diagnosis（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Come on-Everybodys doing it. That whispered message
22、, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the soci
23、al cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program ca
24、lled Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-heal
25、th campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. “Dare to be different, please dont smoke!“ pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more
26、than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not e
27、nough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as its presented here is that it doesnt work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produ
28、ces lasting changes is limited and mixed.Theres no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer p
29、ressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. Its like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them wi
30、th better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And thats the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as _.A. a supplement t
31、o the social cure B. a stimulus to group dynamicsC. an obstacle to school progress D. a cause of undesirable behaviors（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Rosenberg holds that public advocates should _.A. recruit professional advertisers B. learn from advertisers experienceC. stay away from commercial advertisers D
32、. recognize the limitations of advertisements（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the authors view, Rosenbergs book fails to _.A. adequately probe social and biological factorsB. effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC. illustrate the functions of state fundingD. produce a long-lasting social effect（分数：2
33、.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5 shows that our imitation of behaviors _.A. is harmful to our networks of friends B. will mislead behavioral studiesC. occurs without our realizing it D. can produce negative health habits（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of pee
34、r pressure is _.A. harmful B. desirableC. profound D. questionable（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A deal is a deal-except, apparently, when Entergy is involved. The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was rene
35、ging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermonts rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power p
36、lant running. Its a stunning move.The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermonts only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon. As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale, the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate pas
37、t 2012. In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plants license be subject to Vermont legislatures approval. Then, too, the company went along.Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments, or it simply didnt foresee what would happen next. A st
38、ring of accidents, including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in 2007 and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage, raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankees safety and Entergys management-especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe. Enraged by
39、Entergys behavior, the Vermont Senate voted 26 to 4 last year against allowing an extension.Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006 legislation, and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues. The legal issues in the
40、case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend. Certainly, there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that co
41、uld result if every state sets its own rules. But had Entergy kept its word, that debate would be beside the point.The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has nothing left to lose by going to war with the state. But there should be consequence
42、s. Permission to run a nuclear plant is a public trust. Entergy runs 11 other reactors in the United States, including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth. Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years. But as the Nuclear Regulato
43、ry Commission (NRC) reviews the companys application, it should keep it mind what promises from Entergy are worth.（分数：10.00）(1).The phrase “reneging on“ (Line 3, Para 1) is closest in meaning to _.A. condemning B. reaffirmingC. dishonoring D. securing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By entering into the 2002 ag
44、reement, Entergy intended to _.A. obtain protection from Vermont regulatorsB. seek favor from the federal legislatureC. acquire an extension of its business licenseD. get permission to purchase a power plant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Paragraph 4, Entergy seems to have problems with its _.A. m
45、anagerial practices B. technical innovativenessC. financial goals D. business vision（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In the authors view, the Vermont case will test _.A. Entergys capacity to fulfill all its promisesB. the mature of states patchwork regulationsC. the federal authority over nuclear issuesD. the l
46、imits of states power over nuclear issues（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.A. Entergys business elsewhere might be affectedB. the authority of the NRC will be defiedC. Entergy will withdraw its Plymouth applicationD. Vermonts reputation might be damaged（分数：2.00）A
47、.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambi
48、guous and complicated route. We aim to be objective, but we cannot escape the context of our unique life experience. Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience, what we think our experiences mean, and the subsequent actions we take. Opportunities for misinterpretation, error, and self
49、-deception abound.Consequently, discovery claims should be thought of as proto science. Similar to newly staked mining claims, they are full of potential. But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery. This is the credibility process, through which the individual researchers me, here, now becomes the communitys anyone, anywhere, anytime. Objective knowledge is the goal, not the starting point.Once a discovery claim become
