1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-7 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In theory, annual performance review are constructive and positive interactions between managers and employees working together to attain (1) performance and strengthen the organization. In reality, they often create di
2、vision, (2) morale (士气), and spark anger and jealousy. (3) , although the object of the annual performance review is to improve performance, it often has the (4) result. A programmer at a brokerage (经济) firm was (5) to learn at her annual performance review that she was denied a promotion (6) she wa
3、snt a “team player“. What were the data used to make this (7) ? She didnt smile in the company photo.(8) this story might sound as if it came straight out of a comic strip, it is a true (9) of one womans experience. By (10) a few tips and guidelines (准则) from industry analysis, this kind of ordeal (
4、厄运) can be avoided.To end the year (11) a positive and useful performance review, managers and employees must start the year by working together to (12) clear goals and expectations.It may be helpful to allow employees to submit a list of people (13) with the company who will be in a good position t
5、o (14) their performance at the end of the year is out. These people may be coworkers, suppliers, or even customers.By checking (15) progress at about nine months, managers can give them a chance to correct mistakes and provide (16) to those who need it before the year is out. When conducting the re
6、view, managers should (17) strengths and weaknesses during the past year and discuss future responsibilities, avoiding punishment or blame.(18) , when employees leave their performance reviews, they should be focusing on (19) they can do in the year (20) , not worrying about what went into their fil
7、es about the past.（分数：10.00）(1).A. normal B. moderate C. maximum D. minimum（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. heighten B. undermine C. stimulate D. hinder（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Thus B. Nevertheless C. Moreover D. Also（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. desirable B. opposite C. satisfactory D. erroneous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5
8、).A. shocked B. thrilled C. terrified D. dissatisfied（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. though B. because C. unless D. while（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. conclusion B. identification C. prejudice D. judgment（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. Since B. Because C. If D. Although（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. evaluation B. designation C.
9、 account D. exhibition（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. following B. retaining C. specifying D. eliminating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. in B. with C. by D. for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. establish B. accomplish C. attain D. surpass（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. involved B. associated C. satisfied D. cooperated（分数：0.50）A.
10、B.C.D.(14).A. supervise B. comment C. assess D. observe（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. employees B. customers C. suppliers D. companies（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. promotion B. information C. guidance D. position（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. monitor B. verify C. focus D. highlight（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. In time B.
11、 In short C. At last D. For example（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. whether B. how C. what D. why（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. next B. ahead C. forth D. after（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)We have known for a long time that the organization of a
12、ny particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scie
13、ntific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific charac
14、teristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be “beyond dispute“.We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the
15、 1960s. The role distinction, raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took
16、 care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary. The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as
17、 a threat to the time- honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature, a deviation from the norm.Sex roles were determined according to the “place“ appropriate to each. Womens place was, first and foremost, in the home. The outside world, i. e. workshops, factories and business firms, bel
18、onged to men. This sex-based division of the world (private and public) gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes, which conferred on each its special identity. The woman, sequestered at home, “cared, nurtured and conserved“. To do this, she had no need to be daring, ambitious, tough or
19、competitive. The man, on the other hand, competing with his fellow men, was caught up every day in the struggle for survival, and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man. Today, many women go out to work, and their reasons for doing so have changed considerably. Bes
20、ides the traditional financial incentives, we find ambition and personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances, and the wish to have a social life and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others. Above all, for all women, work is invariably connected with the
21、 desire for independence.（分数：10.00）(1).It is only in recent years that we have recognized that _.A. there is almost no clue to the identity of both sexesB. the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuousC. the different definitions of sexes bears on the development of cultureD. the progr
22、ess of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).From paragraph 1 we can infer that it is now possible for women to embark on a career because _.A. the change in sex roles is out of the questionB. womens role has been going on for many yearsC. ideas about the
23、roles of women have been changingD. the expansion of sciences scarcely remolds the womens roles（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The author believes that sex discrimination in the West before the 1960s was _.A. preferable B. prevalentC. presumable D. precedent（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the fourth paragrap
24、h, the author seems to think that _.A. female passivity is naturalB. men and women are physically identicalC. men are born competitive and aggressiveD. some different sex identity is acquired（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the author, which of the following is the most important reason for women t
25、o go to work?A. Wish to claim their rights and freedom. B. Ambition and self-fulfillment.C. Financial incentives. D. Desire for a social life.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consum
26、er confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual
27、pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the year as a whole, consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.The bases of the business expansion were
28、to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves
29、 made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Finally, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.
30、The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performan
31、ce proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the
32、corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.The underlying task of public policy for the year aheadand indeed for the longer runremained a familiar one: to str
33、ike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to
34、the problem of inflation. The Phase Three program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economys larger run growth potential if generalized de
35、mand pressures on prices are to be avoided.（分数：10.00）(1).The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show _.A. the continuing expansion of the economyB. the growth of consumer purchasing powerC. the consumers confidence in the economyD. the soaring consumer inco
36、mes for spending（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 2 mainly deals with _.A. the revival of stronger liquidity positionsB. the stimulative monetary and fiscal policiesC. the causes of business development for the periodD. economic policy measures suggested by the President（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be i
37、nferred from the third paragraph that the authors attitude toward the reduction of the international payments deficit seems _.A. bitter- sweet B. optimisticC. sympathetic D. depressing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Part of the public policy task, as outlined in the text, is to _.A. prevent payments deficit B.
38、 avoid inflationary pressuresC. devalue the dollar D. increase the balance of trade（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be learned from the last paragraph that the Phase Three program contained _.A. reduced government spending B. devaluation of the dollarC. productivity measures D. wage and price controls（分数
39、：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Shopping has always been something of an impulse activity, in which objects that catch our fancy while strolling are immediately bought on a whim. Advertisers and sellers have taken advantage of this fact, carefully positioning inexpensive but attractive items o
40、n paths that we are most likely to cross, hoping that our human nature will lead to a greater profit for them. With the dawn of the Internet and its exploding use across the world, the same tactics apply. Advertisers now place “banners“, links to commercial web sites decorated with attractive pictur
41、es designed to catch our eyes while browsing the webs, on key web sites with heavy traffic. They pay top dollar for the right, thus creating profits for the hosting web site as well. These actions are performed in the hopes that during the course of our casual and leisurely web surfing, well click o
42、n that banner that sparks our interest and thus, in theory, buy the products advertised.Initial results have been positive. Web sites report a huge inflow of cash, both from the advertisers who tempt customers in with the banners and the hosting web sites, which are paid for allowing the banners to
43、be put in place. As trust and confidence in Internet buying increases and information security is heightened with new technology, the volume of buying is increasing, leading to even greater profits.The current situation, however, is not quite as optimistic. Just as magazine readers tend to unconscio
44、usly ignore advertisements in their favorite periodicals, web browsers are beginning to allow banners to slip their notice as well. Internet users respond to the flood of banners by viewing them as annoyances, a negative image that is hurting sales, since users are now less reluctant to click on tho
45、se banners, preferring not to support the system that puts them in place. If Internet advertising is to continue to be a viable and profitable business practice, new methods will need to be considered to reinvigorate the industry.With the recent depression in the technology sector and slowing econom
46、y, even new practices may not do the trick. As consumers are saving more and frequenting traditional real estate businesses over their Internet counterparts, the fate of Internet business is called into question. The coming years will be the only reliable indication of whether shopping on the worldw
47、ide web is the wave of the future or simply an impulse activity whose whim has passed.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be learned from the first paragraph that Internet advertising _.A. has taken the place of more traditional methods of advertisingB. is one of the most effective ways to make profits on the webC
48、. is paralleling advertising methods in traditional business settingsD. seeks to tempt customers through impulse shopping methods（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The second and third paragraphs are written in order to illustrate _.A. the policy Internet advertisers design to lure clientele and its outcomeB. the
49、 process and mixed consequences of Internet advertising and shoppingC. the biggest splash Internet advertisers have recently made in sales promotionsD. the banners Internet advertisers take advantage of to arouse customers interest（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Analyzing the current state of the online advertising in paragraph 4, the author implies that _.A. it has to be modified over time to remain effectiveB. for all its current profits, it will fade in the long runC. banners are beginning to lose their advertising efficiency
